7、整合SSM
- 7.1、环境要求
- 7.2、数据库环境
- 7.3、基本环境搭建
- 7.4、Mybatis层编写
- 7.5、Spring层
- 7.6、SpringMVC层
- 7.7、小结及展望
7.1、环境要求
环境:
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IDEA
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MySQL 5.7.19
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Tomcat 9
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Maven 3.6
要求:
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需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库,Spring,JavaWeb及MyBatis知识,简单的前端知识;
最简单的项目:
步骤:
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新建数据库,建表
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新建Maven项目,添加web的支持
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导入相关的pom依赖
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Maven资源过滤设置
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建立基本结构和配置框架「建立包,创建两个xml文件」
- com.kuang.pojo
- com.kuang.dao
- com.kuang.service
- com.kuang.controller
- mybatis-config.xml
- applicationContext.xml
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Mybatis层编写
- 数据库配置文件 database.properties
- IDEA关联数据库
- 编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
- 编写数据库对应的实体类「使用lombok插件」
- 编写Dao层的 Mapper接口
- 编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包
- 编写Service层的接口和实现类
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Spring层
- 配置Spring整合MyBatis,我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池
- 编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件; spring-dao.xml
- Spring整合service层
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SpringMVC层
- web.xml
- spring-mvc.xml
- Spring配置整合文件,applicationContext.xml
- Controller 和 视图层编写
- BookController 类编写,方法一:查询全部书籍
- 编写首页 index.jsp
- 书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp
- BookController 类编写 , 方法二:添加书籍
- 添加书籍页面:addBook.jsp
- BookController 类编写 , 方法三:修改书籍
- 修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp
- BookController 类编写 , 方法四:删除书
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配置Tomcat,运行
7.2、数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
7.3、基本环境搭建
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新建Maven项目! ssmbuild , 添加web的支持
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导入相关的pom依赖!
<dependencies> <!--Junit--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!--数据库驱动--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.47</version> </dependency> <!-- 数据库连接池 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.2</version> </dependency> <!--Servlet - JSP --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--Mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.2</version> </dependency> <!--Spring--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
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在pom.xml,Maven资源过滤设置
<build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>false</filtering> </resource> </resources> </build>
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建立基本结构和配置框架!
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com.kuang.pojo
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com.kuang.dao
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com.kuang.service
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com.kuang.controller
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mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "<http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd>"> <configuration> </configuration>
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applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans>" xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>" xsi:schemaLocation="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd>"> </beans>
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7.4、Mybatis层编写
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数据库配置文件 database.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=123456
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IDEA关联数据库
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编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "<http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd>"> <configuration> <typeAliases> <package name="com.kuang.pojo"/> </typeAliases> <mappers> <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/BookMapper.xml"/> </mappers> </configuration>
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编写数据库对应的实体类 com.kuang.pojo.Books
使用lombok插件!
package com.kuang.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Books { private int bookID; private String bookName; private int bookCounts; private String detail; }
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编写Dao层的 Mapper接口!
package com.kuang.dao; import com.kuang.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; public interface BookMapper { //增加一个Book int addBook(Books book); //根据id删除一个Book int deleteBookById(int id); //更新Book int updateBook(Books books); //根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookById(int id); //查询全部Book,返回list集合 List<Books> queryAllBook(); }
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编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "<http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd>"> <mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper"> <!--增加一个Book--> <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books"> insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail}) </insert> <!--根据id删除一个Book--> <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int"> delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID} </delete> <!--更新Book--> <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books"> update ssmbuild.books set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail} where bookID = #{bookID} </update> <!--根据id查询,返回一个Book--> <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books"> select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID} </select> <!--查询全部Book--> <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books"> SELECT * from ssmbuild.books </select> </mapper>
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编写Service层的接口和实现类
接口:
package com.kuang.service; import com.kuang.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; //BookService:底下需要去实现,调用dao层 public interface BookService { //增加一个Book int addBook(Books book); //根据id删除一个Book int deleteBookById(int id); //更新Book int updateBook(Books books); //根据id查询,返回一个Book Books queryBookById(int id); //查询全部Book,返回list集合 List<Books> queryAllBook(); }
实现类:
package com.kuang.service; import com.kuang.dao.BookMapper; import com.kuang.pojo.Books; import java.util.List; public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService { //调用dao层的操作,设置一个set接口,方便Spring管理 private BookMapper bookMapper; public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) { this.bookMapper = bookMapper; } public int addBook(Books book) { return bookMapper.addBook(book); } public int deleteBookById(int id) { return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id); } public int updateBook(Books books) { return bookMapper.updateBook(books); } public Books queryBookById(int id) { return bookMapper.queryBookById(id); } public List<Books> queryAllBook() { return bookMapper.queryAllBook(); } }
OK,到此,底层需求操作编写完毕!
7.5、Spring层
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配置Spring整合MyBatis,我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池;
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我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件; spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans>" xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>" xmlns:context="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/context>" xsi:schemaLocation="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/context> <https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd>"> <!-- 配置整合mybatis --> <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/> <!-- 2.数据库连接池 --> <!--数据库连接池 dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接 c3p0 自动化操作(自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面) --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <!-- 配置连接池属性 --> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 --> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/> <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/> <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --> <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/> <!-- 获取连接超时时间 --> <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/> <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --> <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/> </bean> <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/> </bean> <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 --> <!--解释 : https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html--> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/> <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --> <property name="basePackage" value="com.kuang.dao"/> </bean> </beans>
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Spring整合service层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans>" xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>" xmlns:context="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/context>" xsi:schemaLocation="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/context> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd>"> <!-- 扫描service相关的bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.service" /> <!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中--> <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl"> <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/> </bean> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> </beans>
Spring层搞定!再次理解一下,Spring就是一个大杂烩,一个容器!对吧!
7.6、SpringMVC层
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web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="<http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee>" xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>" xsi:schemaLocation="<http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee> <http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd>" version="4.0"> <!--DispatcherServlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件,之前被这里坑了!--> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--encodingFilter--> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!--Session过期时间--> <session-config> <session-timeout>15</session-timeout> </session-config> </web-app>
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spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans>" xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>" xmlns:context="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/context>" xmlns:mvc="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc>" xsi:schemaLocation="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/context> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc> <https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd>"> <!-- 配置SpringMVC --> <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置--> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller" /> </beans>
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Spring配置整合文件,applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans>" xmlns:xsi="<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance>" xsi:schemaLocation="<http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans> <http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd>"> <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/> <import resource="spring-service.xml"/> <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/> </beans>
配置文件,暂时结束!Controller 和 视图层编写
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BookController 类编写 , 方法一:查询全部书籍
@Controller @RequestMapping("/book") public class BookController { @Autowired @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl") private BookService bookService; @RequestMapping("/allBook") public String list(Model model) { List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook(); model.addAttribute("list", list); return "allBook"; } }
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编写首页 index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title>首页</title> <style type="text/css"> a { text-decoration: none; color: black; font-size: 18px; } h3 { width: 180px; height: 38px; margin: 100px auto; text-align: center; line-height: 38px; background: deepskyblue; border-radius: 4px; } </style> </head> <body> <h3> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a> </h3> </body> </html>
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书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="<http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core>" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>书籍列表</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> <link href="<https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css>" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 column"> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a> </div> </div> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <table class="table table-hover table-striped"> <thead> <tr> <th>书籍编号</th> <th>书籍名字</th> <th>书籍数量</th> <th>书籍详情</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}"> <tr> <td>${book.getBookID()}</td> <td>${book.getBookName()}</td> <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td> <td>${book.getDetail()}</td> <td> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> | <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a> </td> </tr> </c:forEach> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法二:添加书籍
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook") public String toAddPaper() { return "addBook"; } @RequestMapping("/addBook") public String addPaper(Books books) { System.out.println(books); bookService.addBook(books); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
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添加书籍页面:addBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="<http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core>" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>新增书籍</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> <link href="<https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css>" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small>新增书籍</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post"> 书籍名称:<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br> 书籍数量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br> 书籍详情:<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br> <input type="submit" value="添加"> </form> </div>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法三:修改书籍
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook") public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) { Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id); System.out.println(books); model.addAttribute("book",books ); return "updateBook"; } @RequestMapping("/updateBook") public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) { System.out.println(book); bookService.updateBook(book); Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID()); model.addAttribute("books", books); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
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修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="<http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core>" %> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>修改信息</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <!-- 引入 Bootstrap --> <link href="<https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css>" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row clearfix"> <div class="col-md-12 column"> <div class="page-header"> <h1> <small>修改信息</small> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/> 书籍名称:<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/> 书籍数量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/> 书籍详情:<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/> <input type="submit" value="提交"/> </form> </div>
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BookController 类编写 , 方法四:删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}") public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) { bookService.deleteBookById(id); return "redirect:/book/allBook"; }
配置Tomcat,进行运行!
到目前为止,这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了,可以直接运行进行测试!这个练习十分的重要,大家需要保证,不看任何东西,自己也可以完整的实现出来!
项目结构图
7.7、小结及展望
SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的,学到这里,大家已经可以进行基本网站的单独开发。但是这只是增删改查的基本操作。
我们后面还要学习一些 SpringMVC 的知识!
- Ajax 和 Json
- 文件上传和下载
- 拦截器
SpringBoot、SpringCloud开发!
参考笔记:
狂神SSM:https://www.kuangstudy.com/zl/ssm#1381883242696683521