表结构如图

 代码

    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Test
    public void getColumnNames() throws Exception {
        String sql = "select * from tb_test where 1=2 ";
        SqlRowSet sqlRowSet = jdbcTemplate.queryForRowSet(sql);
        SqlRowSetMetaData sqlRsmd = sqlRowSet.getMetaData();
        String[] columnNames = sqlRsmd.getColumnNames();
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(columnNames));
    }

结果

[ID, NAME, CODE, CTIME]