模拟发送post请求

发送post请求的基础知识dumps和loads

代码示例：

# 发送post请求
import requests,json
# 发送post请求的基础知识dumps和loads
str_dict ={'name':'xiaoming','age':'20','sex':'男'}
print(type(str_dict))
str1 = json.dumps(str_dict)  # 1,json.dumps 是把字典、json对象转换为字符串
print(type(str1))
print(str1)

str2 = '{"name":"tom","age":"22","sex":"男"}'  # 注意 这里是字符串，里面必须用双引号
str_json = json.loads(str2)  # 2，json.loads 是将字符串转成字典，json对象
print(type(str_json))
print(str_json['name'],str_json.get('age'))

以微信开放平台举例

发送post请求

# 1，获取token
url = 'https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token'
data = {'grant_type':'client_credential',
        'appid':'wxf14419077f707',
        'secret':'92a113bd4b5ffdc72144740dc7123'}
response = requests.get(url=url,params=data)
# 响应是str类型 ，所以我们需要将响应转换成json
json_obj = response.json()
token = json_obj['access_token']
print(token)
# 2,新建用户标签
tag_url = 'https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/tags/create'
tag_data = {'access_token':token}
tag_json_body = {"tag":{"name" :"长沙01"} }
headers = {"content-type":"application/json"}  # 发送json 数据必须带有头部信息 content-type
# post请求中body中的参数通过data,json 传递
# 如果body中的数据为json格式，在发送时可以直接使用json=body值
# response = requests.post(url=tag_url,params=tag_data,headers=headers,json=tag_json_body)
# 如果body中的数据为json格式，在发送时使用data=json.dumps(body值)
response = requests.post(url=tag_url,params=tag_data,headers=headers,data=json.dumps(tag_json_body))
print(response.content.decode("utf-8"))

查看执行结果：

上传文件

import requests
# 1，获取token
url = 'https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token'
data = {'grant_type':'client_credential',
        'appid':'wxf14419077f707856',
        'secret':'92a113bd4b5ffdc72144740dc7123c99'}
response = requests.get(url=url,params=data)
# 响应是str类型 ，所以我们需要将响应转换成json
json_obj = response.json()
token = json_obj['access_token']
print(token)

# 上传文件
wx_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload"
wx_data = {"access_token":token,"type":"image"}
file = {"files":open("E:/12345.png","rb")}  # 注意：必须要用字典的方式open
res = requests.post(url=wx_url,params=wx_data,files=file)
print(res.content.decode("utf-8"))

查看执行结果

封装post请求

代码示例：

# 封装post方法
def send_post(url,data,json_info):
    headers = {"content-type": "application/json"}
    response = requests.post(url=url,params=data,json=json_info,headers=headers)
    return response

print(send_post(url=tag_url,data=tag_data,json_info=tag_json).content.decode("utf-8"))

封装main方法

代码示例：

# 封装main方法
def run_main(method,url,data=None,json_info=None):
    response = None
    if method == "GET":
        response = send_get(url,data)
    elif method == "POST":
        response = send_post(url,data,json_info)
    else:
        print("参数错误")
        response = None
    return response

print(run_main("GET","https://www.jd.com/").content.decode("utf-8"))

封装测试类

示例代码：

# 将写好的get、post、run_mian方法做成类
import requests
class run_test:
    session_obj = requests.session()
    def __init__(self,method,url,params=None,data=None,headers=None):
        self.method = method
        self.url = url
        self.params = params
        self.data = data
        self.headers = headers

    def send_get(self):
        res = run_test.session_obj.get(url=self.url,params=self.params,headers=self.headers)
        return res
    def send_post(self):
        res = run_test.session_obj.post(url=self.url,params=self.params,
                                        data=self.data,headers=self.headers)
        return res

    def run_main(self):
        if self.method == "GET":
            res = self.send_get()
        elif self.method == "POST":
            res = self.send_post()
        else:
            print("请求方式错误，请检查！")
            res = None
        return res


if __name__ == "__main__":
    method = "GET"
    url = "https://www.jd.com"
    headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.212 Safari/537.36"}

    test_obj = run_test(method=method,url=url,headers=headers)
    response = test_obj.run_main()
    print(response.content.decode("utf-8"))