nginx或tengine服务器,配置HTTPS下使用WebSocket的线上环境实践!

news2025/4/16 8:31:57

问题描述：

HTTPS 下发起WS连接，连接失败，Chrom 浏览器报错。

socket.js:19 Mixed Content: The page at 'https://app.XXX.com' was loaded over HTTPS, but attempted to connect to the insecure WebSocket endpoint 'ws://172.16.10.80:9035/websocket/416377519315353600'. This request has been blocked; this endpoint must be available over WSS.

问题排查：

HTTPS 连接下浏览器不允许WS协议，只允许WSS协议

问题解决：

（1）确定后端接口提供ws 能力

WS 在线测试工具：websocket/ws/wss在线调试测试工具

ws://172.16.10.80:9035/websocket/

确定接口能提供ws 的能力

（2）、nginx 配置websocket代理【客户端不直连websocket接口】

#全局配置
.............
map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
      default upgrade;
      '' close;
    }

.....................

server  {
        listen 443 ssl;
        server_name app.XXX.com;
        ssl_certificate /home/application/nginx/cert/XXX.com/XXX.com.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key /home/application/nginx/cert/XXX.com/XXX.link.key;
        ssl_session_timeout 5m;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        gzip_buffers 4 16k;


location ^~/websocket {
   rewrite ^/websocket/(.*)$ /$1 break;
   proxy_pass http://172.16.10.80:9035;
   proxy_read_timeout 300s;
   proxy_send_timeout 300s;
   proxy_set_header Host $host;
   proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
   proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
   proxy_http_version 1.1;
   proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
   proxy_set_header Connection  $connection_upgrade;
}

...................

}

rewrite 地址重写
proxt_http_version 1.1 表示反向代理发送的HTTP协议的版本是1.1，HTTP1.1支持长连接
proxy_pass http://172.16.10.80:9035 表示反向代理的uri, 如果多个地址可使用负载均衡变量表示
proxy_set_header Host $host; 表示传递时请求头不变， $host是nginx内置变量，表示的是当前的请求头，proxy_set_header表示设置请求头
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 表示传递时来源的ip还是现在的客户端的ip
proxy_read_timeout 300s；表示两次请求之间的间隔超过 300s 后才关闭这个连接，默认的60s，自动关闭的元凶
proxy_send_timeout 300s; 指定设置了发送请求给upstream服务器的超时时间。超时设置不是为了整个发送期间，而是在两次write操作期间。如果超时后，upstream没有收到新的数据，Nginx会关闭连接，默认的60s
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 表示X-Forwarded-For头不发生改变
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade; 表示设置Upgrade不变
proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade; 表示如果 $http_upgrade为upgrade，则请求为upgrade(websocket)，如果不是，就关闭连接