第一题
创建根目录结构中的所有的普通文件
[root@localhost ~]# cd / [root@localhost /]# mkdir /text [root@localhost /]# cd /text [root@localhost text]# mkdir /text/boot /text/root /text/home /text/bin /text/sbin /text/lib /text/lib64 /text/usr /text/opt /text/etc /text/tmp /text/run /text/dev /text/mnt /text/media /text/var /text/srv /text/sys /text/proc [root@localhost var]# mkdir /text/var/log /text/var/spool [root@localhost var]# cd /text/var/log [root@localhost log]# mkdir /text/var/log/messages /text/var/log/secure /text/var/log/cron [root@localhost log]# cd .. [root@localhost var]# cd /text/var/spool [root@localhost spool]# mkdir /text/var/spool/mail /text/var/spool/cron [root@localhost spool]# cd .. [root@localhost var]# cd .. [root@localhost text]# cd /text/etc [root@localhost etc]# mkdir /text/etc/hostmane /text/etc/hosts /text/etc/fstab /text/etc/bashrc /text/etc/chrony.conf /text/etc/ssh /text/etc/passwd /text/etc/shadow /text/etc/sudoers /text/etc/group [root@localhost etc]# cd /text/etc/ssh [root@localhost ssh]# mkdir /text/etc/ssh/ssh_config /text/etc/ssh/sshd_config /text/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d [root@localhost ssh]# cd .. [root@localhost etc]# cd .. [root@localhost text]# tree

第二题
列出所有账号的账号名
[root@jky ~]# cut -d ":" /etc/passwd -f1 root bin daemon adm lp sync shutdown halt mail operator games ftp nobody tss systemd-coredump dbus polkitd avahi colord rtkit pipewire clevis sssd geoclue flatpak setroubleshoot libstoragemgmt systemd-oom gdm cockpit-ws cockpit-wsinstance gnome-initial-setup sshd chrony dnsmasq tcpdump redhat xiaohong xiaoming nginx
第三题
将/etc/passwd中内容按照冒号隔开的第三个字符从大到小排序后输出所有内容
[root@jky ~]# cut -d ":" -f3 /etc/passwd | sort -nr 65534 2030 2029 2028 2027 2026 2025 2022 1004 1003 1002 1001 1000 999 998 997 996 995 994 993 992 991 985 984 983 982 981 980 979 978 172 81 74 72 70 59 42 14 12 11 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
第四题
列出/etc/passwd中的第20行-25行内容
[root@jky ~]# head -25 /etc/passwd | tail -6 rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/proc:/sbin/nologin pipewire:x:996:992:PipeWire System Daemon:/var/run/pipewire:/sbin/nologin clevis:x:995:991:Clevis Decryption Framework unprivileged user:/var/cache/clevis:/usr/sbin/nologin sssd:x:994:990:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin geoclue:x:993:989:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin flatpak:x:992:988:User for flatpak system helper:/:/sbin/nologin
第五题
切割出你的ip地址和mac地址
# 切割出来IP地址 [root@jky ~]# ip a | grep ens160 2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000 inet 192.168.247.128/24 brd 192.168.247.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160 [root@jky ~]# ip a | grep ens160 | grep inet | cut -d "/" -f1 inet 192.168.247.128 # 切割出来MAC地址 (1)环回的MAC地址 [root@jky ~]# ip a | grep lo 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet 192.168.247.128/24 brd 192.168.247.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160 [root@jky ~]# ip a | grep lo | grep link link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 [root@jky ~]# ip a | grep lo | grep link | cut -d " " -f6 00:00:00:00:00:00 (2)以太网接口 ens160 的 MAC 地址 [root@jky ~]# ip a | grep link/ether link/ether 00:0c:29:f5:84:74 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff [root@jky ~]# ip a | grep link/ether | cut -d " " -f6 00:0c:29:f5:84:74
第六题
切割出/etc/passwd中的最后一个字段并进行重复内容的重复次数统计
[root@jky ~]# cut -d ":" -f7 /etc/passwd | sort [root@jky ~]# cut -d ":" -f7 /etc/passwd | sort | uniq -c 13 /bin/bash 1 /bin/sync 1 /sbin/halt 28 /sbin/nologin 1 /sbin/shutdown 5 /usr/sbin/nologin [root@jky ~]# cut -d ":" -f7 /etc/passwd | sort | uniq -c


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