C# RSA加密和解密，RSA生成私钥和公钥（使用XML格式秘钥）

目录

• 前言
• 生成xml格式的公钥和私钥
  • PrivateKey
  • PublicKey
• 测试加密、解密
  • 方案1：RSA公钥加密，RSA私钥解密
  • 方案2：RSA私钥加密，RSA私钥解密
• 数字签名、验签
• RsaHelper类

前言

网上有大量RSA加密解密解决方案，包括开源Nuget包和源码，作者测试过多种方案，最后选择本文介绍的方案，简单，代码少，效率高！RsaHelper 类能够生成公钥和私钥，不需要在网上在线生成公钥和私钥啦！优秀方案，推荐给大家！

生成xml格式的公钥和私钥

 RsaHelper.GetXmlKey(out var privatekey1, out var publickey1);

PrivateKey

<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>0nMMhiGAklb2URWmQsxABYYdrVqyiXfd9kfEVgBsdb39kAw6ivdvOs4ahYWbutcQRq37qRqlRHHAguDxcTWmxpWsFmd9c5DIwvOyXrmynSgGdEVzu5NrCfZlLI7WwvFSQxF/3smdgXQxXYcYwdItV8dXd3CxBaqWS92OzMLkIr0=</Modulus><Exponent>AQAB</Exponent><P>60q62GF9otYbzo6o7Ux1ITNzdxzahBxw6uZ6f1ph+nu+dq/90DQlwxXHKA0T9Y2acw3NjQKg6QNdDvfbjO0Euw==</P><Q>5PiaMXTNBpCO0Yr7T6Cvp7eRMzg79IoVw88bl0dvZ3jNYPOzHMBeOA7E7kWExFNBXlxKN6J0Pon5FVnb2++65w==</Q><DP>1S0axgrmGk9kWCvWj1DTWmZUOdnxfPqLr7drytCnrprIwJ3JFwb4I50qmHXo3HQUOCOMVTLJePPsLzCPQUpJGw==</DP><DQ>lcjrVZ8K4FiAlSNN83Eyd4zmN5N55SbPxiAd9ICOqCmmcN37NbvB5voCabygda3g/VFyW6KyWJb5krYN1Xql0Q==</DQ><InverseQ>M2ggLAOBDR3WxHNI5pZeQIEk13oEQAUMLJCS7ahiFSEowleDhf7DvZVEUXwS9L2abvxunhnLkT8tyn/svy+V9w==</InverseQ><D>iejQ5TkhK0UHp307dfypW7VWz1pnM0S01QaUuBMRAFufxXzuBFE/t9aGdMdolRkIVnj/OQL4GJE+qcXFEv4oqjv/eO/pchmnI+/sXxESyt3wecO6YlHXQ3x/qWhesYnUzRSCoB9BMtHXv4xan2WIAZfYlWCGdnc4MObSC6LywlU=</D></RSAKeyValue>

PublicKey

<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>0nMMhiGAklb2URWmQsxABYYdrVqyiXfd9kfEVgBsdb39kAw6ivdvOs4ahYWbutcQRq37qRqlRHHAguDxcTWmxpWsFmd9c5DIwvOyXrmynSgGdEVzu5NrCfZlLI7WwvFSQxF/3smdgXQxXYcYwdItV8dXd3CxBaqWS92OzMLkIr0=</Modulus><Exponent>AQAB</Exponent></RSAKeyValue>

测试加密、解密

方案1：RSA公钥加密，RSA私钥解密

C#

//方案1：RSA公钥加密
var data = RsaHelper.Encrypt("www.cscode.net|C/S框架网", publickey1);
Console.WriteLine(data);

//方案1：RSA私钥解密
var value = RsaHelper.Decrypt(data, privatekey1);
Console.WriteLine(value);

方案2：RSA私钥加密，RSA私钥解密

C#

 //方案2：RSA私钥加密
 var data1 = RsaHelper.Encrypt("www.cscode.net|C/S框架网", privatekey1);

 //方案2：RSA私钥解密
 var value1 = RsaHelper.Decrypt(data, privatekey1);

数字签名、验签

前端使用公钥进行数字签名，后台使用私钥验签。

C#

//数字签名、验签
var signData = RsaHelper.Sign("www.cscode.net|C/S框架网", publickey1);
var isEqual = RsaHelper.VerifySign("www.cscode.net|C/S框架网", signData, privatekey1);
Console.WriteLine(isEqual);

RsaHelper类

RSA算法加密解密（使用XML格式秘钥）

C#

  /// <summary>
  /// RSA算法加密解密（使用XML格式秘钥）
  /// </summary>
  public static class RsaHelper
  {
      /// <summary>
      /// 获取RSA 密钥    
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="privatekey">私钥</param>
      /// <param name="publickey">公钥</param>
      public static void GetXmlKey(out string privatekey, out string publickey)
      {
          RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
          privatekey = provider.ToXmlString(true);
          publickey = provider.ToXmlString(false);
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// RSA 使用公钥加密
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="plainText">明文</param>
      /// <param name="publicKey">公钥</param>
      /// <returns></returns>
      public static string Encrypt(string plainText, string publicKey)
      {
          byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText);
          RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
          provider.FromXmlString(publicKey);
          byte[] output = provider.Encrypt(buffer, false);
          return Convert.ToBase64String(output);
      }

      /// <summary>
      ///  RSA 使用私钥解密
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="encryptedText">明文</param>
      /// <param name="privateKey">私钥</param>
      /// <returns></returns>
      public static string Decrypt(string encryptedText, string privateKey)
      {
          byte[] buffer = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptedText);
          RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
          provider.FromXmlString(privateKey);
          byte[] output = provider.Decrypt(buffer, false);
          return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(output);
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// 使用公钥数字签名
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="data">加密的数据</param>
      /// <param name="publicKey">公钥</param>
      /// <returns></returns>
      public static string Sign(string data, string publicKey)
      {
          return Encrypt(data, publicKey);
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// 使用私钥验签
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="original">原文</param>
      /// <param name="encryptedText">数字签名的数据</param>
      /// <param name="privateKey">私钥</param>
      /// <returns></returns>
      public static bool VerifySign(string original, string encryptedText, string privateKey)
      {
          return Decrypt(encryptedText, privateKey).CompareTo(original) == 0;
      }

  }

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