1、查看当前磁盘

[root@quentin ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE  MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0  300G  0 disk
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part  /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0  299G  0 part
  ├─rhel-root   253:0    0  267G  0 lvm   /
  └─rhel-swap   253:1    0   32G  0 lvm   [SWAP]
sdd               8:48   0  500G  0 disk

2、创建物理卷（PV）

首先，确保 /dev/sdb 作为物理卷（Physical Volume）可用。执行以下命令：

[root@quentin ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdd
  Physical volume "/dev/sdd" successfully created.

3、创建卷组（VG）

接下来，创建一个卷组（Volume Group），你可以为其指定一个名字（例如 test）。执行以下命令：

[root@quentin ~]# vgcreate test /dev/sdd
  Volume group "test" successfully created
[root@quentin ~]#
[root@quentin ~]# vgs
  VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize    VFree
  test   1   0   0 wz--n- <500.00g <500.00g
  rhel     1   2   0 wz--n- <299.00g       0

4、创建逻辑卷（LV）

然后，你可以在卷组中创建逻辑卷（Logical Volume）。例如，创建一个名为 backup 的逻辑卷，大小为 500G：

[root@quentin ~]# lvcreate -t -L +500G -n backup test
  TEST MODE: Metadata will NOT be updated and volumes will not be (de)activated.
  Volume group "test" has insufficient free space (127999 extents): 128000 required.
[root@quentin ~]# lvcreate  -l +127999 -n backup test


[root@quentin ~]# lvs
  LV     VG     Attr       LSize    Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  backup test   -wi-a----- <500.00g
  root   rhel   -wi-ao---- <267.00g
  swap   rhel   -wi-ao----   32.00g

5、格式化lvm逻辑卷

[root@quentin ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/test-backup
meta-data=/dev/mapper/test-backup isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=32767744 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=131070976, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=63999, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

6、创建挂载点并挂载逻辑卷

[root@quentin ~]# mkdir /backup
[root@quentin ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE  MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0  300G  0 disk
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part  /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0  299G  0 part
  ├─rhel-root   253:0    0  267G  0 lvm   /
  └─rhel-swap   253:1    0   32G  0 lvm   [SWAP]
sdd               8:48   0  500G  0 disk
└─test-backup 253:4    0  500G  0 lvm

[root@quentin ~]# mount /dev/mapper/test-backup /backup/
[root@quentin ~]# df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                    63G     0   63G   0% /dev
tmpfs                      126G  2.1G  124G   2% /dev/shm
tmpfs                       63G  459M   63G   1% /run
tmpfs                       63G     0   63G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root      267G  105G  163G  40% /
/dev/sda1                 1014M  170M  845M  17% /boot
tmpfs                       13G   40K   13G   1% /run/user/0
tmpfs                       13G     0   13G   0% /run/user/11012
/dev/mapper/test-backup  500G   33M  500G   1% /backup

7、配置开机自动挂载

[root@quentin ~]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon Aug 28 12:36:44 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root   /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=c5e1a05f-b1a3-4334-878d-8cd7a1ccceea /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap   swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs size=132033780k 0 0
/dev/mapper/test-backup       /backup         xfs     defaults        0 0
[root@quentin ~]#