OpenStack 创建自定义的QCOW2格式镜像

news2024/11/21 1:43:02

创建kvm虚拟机

创建目录上传ISO镜像

将 CentOS 7.4 上传到 /soft 目录下

创建 kvm虚机使用的磁盘文件

配置kvm虚拟机

修改 KVM 虚机网络配置文件

安装 cloud-init 软件包

编辑 cloud.cfg 文件

编辑 network 文件

编辑 grub 文件

关闭kvm虚拟机

创建 QCOW2 镜像

重置并清理镜像

创建并压缩镜像

测试镜像启动

挂载光盘

[root@lucky ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

[root@lucky ~]# ls /mnt

CentOS_BuildTag GPL       LiveOS    RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

EFI              images    Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7

EULA             isolinux repodata TRANS.TBL

配置本地源

[root@lucky ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

[root@lucky yum.repos.d]# mkdir bak

[root@lucky yum.repos.d]# mv *.repo bak

[root@lucky yum.repos.d]# vim 111.repo

[root@lucky yum.repos.d]# cat 111.repo

[baseurl]

name = baseurl

baseurl = file:///mnt

gpgcheck = 0

安装虚拟化软件包及虚拟机镜像管理工具

[root@lucky ~]# yum groupinstall -y "Virtualization*"

[root@lucky ~]# yum install -y libguestfs-tools-c.x86_64

创建kvm虚拟机

创建目录上传ISO镜像

[root@lucky ~]# mkdir -p /soft/disk

将 CentOS 7.4 上传到 /soft 目录下

[root@lucky ~]# ls /soft

CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso disk

创建 kvm虚机使用的磁盘文件

[[root@lucky ~]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /soft/disk/centos7.qcow2 15G

Formatting '/soft/disk/centos7.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=16106127360 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off

创建 kvm 虚机

[root@lucky ~]# virt-install \

> --name centos \

> --disk path=/soft/disk/centos7.qcow2 \

> --vcpus 1 \

> --memory 2048 \

> --location /soft/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso \

> --network network=default

配置kvm虚拟机

修改 KVM 虚机网络配置文件

[root@lucky ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

[root@lucky network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth0

TYPE="Ethernet"

BOOTPROTO="dhcp"

DEFROUTE="yes"

NAME="eth0"

DEVICE="eth0"

ONBOOT="yes"

安装 cloud-init 软件包

[root@lucky ~]# yum install -y cloud-utils-growpart cloud-init

编辑 cloud.cfg 文件

编辑 /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg 配置文件，在 cloud_init_modules 下添加以下内容

- resolv-conf

编辑 network 文件

配置文件，使其包含以下内容，避免访问 EC2 元数据服务时出现问题。

root@lucky ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network

[root@lucky ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network

# Created by anaconda

NOZEROCONF=yes

编辑 grub 文件

配置文件，使其包含以下引导选项内容，为了确保控制台的信息出现在 dashboard 的日志标签页中，以及 nova console-log 日志的输出内容中。

[root@lucky ~]# cat /etc/default/grub

GRUB_TIMEOUT=5

GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"

GRUB_DEFAULT=saved

GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true

GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet"

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8"

GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

执行命令使参数生效

[root@lucky ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

Generating grub configuration file ...

Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64

Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.img

Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-22867537d636425fb339f9411e7e4959

Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-0-rescue-22867537d636425fb339f9411e7e4959.img

done

关闭kvm虚拟机

[root@lucky ~]# init 0

创建 QCOW2 镜像

注意：以下步骤在虚机中操作，不是 kvm 虚机，

重置并清理镜像

root@lucky ~]# virsh list --all

Id    Name                           State

----------------------------------------------------

-     centos                         shut off

[root@lucky ~]# virt-sysprep -d centos

[   0.0] Examining the guest ...

[ 31.9] Performing "abrt-data" ...

[ 31.9] Performing "backup-files" ...

[ 33.5] Performing "bash-history" ...

[ 33.5] Performing "blkid-tab" ...

[ 33.6] Performing "crash-data" ...

[ 33.6] Performing "cron-spool" ...

[ 33.6] Performing "dhcp-client-state" ...

[ 33.6] Performing "dhcp-server-state" ...

[ 33.6] Performing "dovecot-data" ...

[ 33.6] Performing "logfiles" ...

[ 33.7] Performing "machine-id" ...

[ 33.7] Performing "mail-spool" ...

[ 33.7] Performing "net-hostname" ...

[ 33.8] Performing "net-hwaddr" ...

[ 33.8] Performing "pacct-log" ...

[ 33.8] Performing "package-manager-cache" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "pam-data" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "passwd-backups" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "puppet-data-log" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "rh-subscription-manager" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "rhn-systemid" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "rpm-db" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "samba-db-log" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "script" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "smolt-uuid" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "ssh-hostkeys" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "ssh-userdir" ...

[ 33.9] Performing "sssd-db-log" ...

[ 34.0] Performing "tmp-files" ...

[ 34.0] Performing "udev-persistent-net" ...

[ 34.0] Performing "utmp" ...

[ 34.0] Performing "yum-uuid" ...

[ 34.0] Performing "customize" ...

[ 34.0] Setting a random seed

[ 34.0] Setting the machine ID in /etc/machine-id

[ 34.1] Performing "lvm-uuids" ...

创建并压缩镜像

查找 centos 实例对应的磁盘文件

[root@lucky ~]# virsh domblklist centos

Target     Source

------------------------------------------------

vda        /soft/disk/centos7.qcow2

hda        -

创建并清理压缩镜像

[root@lucky ~]# virt-sparsify --compress /soft/disk/centos7.qcow2 /tmp/centos-cloud.qcow2

[ 0.0] Create overlay file in /tmp to protect source disk

[ 0.1] Examine source disk

100% ⟦▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒⟧ 00:00

[ 13.3] Fill free space in /dev/centos/root with zero

100% ⟦▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒⟧ 00:00

[ 89.1] Clearing Linux swap on /dev/centos/swap

[ 91.1] Fill free space in /dev/sda1 with zero

100% ⟦▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒⟧ --:--

[ 97.2] Copy to destination and make sparse

[ 204.0] Sparsify operation completed with no errors.

virt-sparsify: Before deleting the old disk, carefully check that the

target disk boots and works correctly.