一、系统自带常用的泛型

1.字典，集合

//字典
Dictionary<string, int> dic = new Dictionary<string, int>();
//泛型集合
List<int> list = new List<int>();

2.泛型委托，输入参数，输出参数

//泛型 委托---输出参数
Func<int> show = () =>
{
    int num = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(i);
        num += i;
    }
    return num;
};
Console.WriteLine(show()); //执行方法返回结果

//泛型 委托--输入参数
Action<int> go = (num) =>
{
    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(num);
    }
};
go(10);//输入参数执行发放，没有返回结果

3.泛型任务，多线程，异步编程

//泛型任务---多线程异步
Task<string> task = Task.Run(() =>
{
    return "测试内容";
});
Console.WriteLine(task.Result);

二、泛型方法，使用案例

1. 任意类型数据交换

/// <summary>
/// 交换任意两个变量的值
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="arg0"></param>
/// <param name="arg1"></param>
public static void Swap<T>(ref T arg0,ref T arg1)
{
    T temp = arg0;
    arg0 = arg1;
    arg1 = temp;
}

int num1 = 1;
int num2 = 2;
Swap<int>(ref num1, ref num2);
Console.WriteLine(num1);//打印：2
Console.WriteLine(num2);//打印：1

string str1 = "张三";
string str2 = "lisi";
Swap(ref str1,ref  str2);
Console.WriteLine(str1);//打印：lisi
Console.WriteLine(str2);//打印：张三

2. 自定义规则和类型，求和处理

//自定义泛型方法
//自定义求和
//int 类型 相加，decimal类型相加 只计算整数相加,字符串类型 转换成整数相加； 学生类型 年龄相加
//返回整数,字符串
public static T Sum<T>(T arg0, T arg1)
{
    if (typeof(T) == typeof(Int32))
    {
        dynamic num1 = arg0;
        dynamic num2 = arg1;

        T arg3 = num1 + num2;
        return arg3;
    }
    else if (typeof(T) == typeof(double))
    {
        dynamic num1 = Convert.ToInt32(arg0);
        dynamic num2 = Convert.ToInt32(arg1);

        T arg3 = num1 + num2;
        return arg3;
    }
    else if (typeof(T) == typeof(string))
    {
        dynamic num1 = Convert.ToInt32(arg0);
        dynamic num2 = Convert.ToInt32(arg1);
        dynamic arg3 = (num1 + num2).ToString();
        return arg3;
    }
    else if (typeof(T) == typeof(Student))
    {
        Student num1 = arg0 as Student;
        Student num2 = arg1 as Student;

        dynamic arg3 = new Student();
        arg3.Age = num1.Age + num2.Age;

        return arg3;
    }
    return default(T);
}

三、泛型类，自定义泛型类

    //自定义泛型类
    //定义泛型类，存储列表, 共同行为1 对象+对象 返回数组集合; 共同行为2 传入对象集合，执行打印
    public class MyStudent<T>
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 对象组合
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="arg0"></param>
        /// <param name="arg1"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public List<T> Add(T arg0, T arg1)
        {
            List<T> list = new List<T>();

            list.Add(arg0);
            list.Add(arg1);
            return list;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 遍历打印
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="list"></param>
        public void Foreach(List<T> list)
        {
            foreach (var item in list)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(item);
            }
        }

    }

使用案例：

MyStudent<int> list1 = new MyStudent<int>();
List<int> result1 = list1.Add(1, 2);
list1.Foreach(result1);



Student stu1 = new Student();
stu1.Age = 10;
Student stu2 = new Student();
stu2.Age = 20;
MyStudent<Student> list2 = new MyStudent<Student>();
List<Student> result2 = list2.Add(stu1,stu2);
list2.Foreach(result2);

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