Renesas R7FA8D1BH (Cortex®-M85)的UART使用介绍

概述

1 软硬件

1.1 软硬件环境信息

1.2 开发板信息

1.3 调试器信息

2 FSP配置UART

2.1 配置参数

2.2 UART模块介绍

3 接口函数介绍

3.1 R_SCI_B_UART_Open()

3.2 R_SCI_B_UART_Close()

3.3 R_SCI_B_UART_Read()

3.4 R_SCI_B_UART_Write()

3.5 R_SCI_B_UART_BaudSet()

3.6 R_SCI_B_UART_CallbackSet()

4 应用范例

4.1 编写应用代码

4.2 源代码文件

5 测试

5.1 测试代码

5.2 运行

概述

本文主要介绍Renesas R7FA8D1BH (Cortex®-M85)内部UART的应用的相关内容，包括使用FSP配置UART的参数，FSP提供的UART相关的应用函数接口，还编写一个Demo，调用UART的函数接口，实现数据的接收和发送功能。

1 软硬件

1.1 软硬件环境信息

软硬件信息	版本信息
Renesas MCU	R7FA8D1BH
Keil	MDK ARM 5.38
FSP 版本	5.3.0
调试工具：N32G45XVL-STB	DAP-LINK

1.2 开发板信息

笔者选择使用野火耀阳开发板_瑞萨RA8，该板块的主控MCU为R7FA8D1BHECBD，7FA8D1BHECBD的内核为ARM Contex-M85。

1.3 调试器信息

对于R7FA8D1BHECBD芯片，其使用的内核为Cortex®-M85 Core, ST-LINK-V2或者J-LINK-V9不支持下载和调试功能。笔者经过多次尝试，发现N32G45XVL-STB板卡上自带的DAP-LINK可以下载和调试R7FA8D1BHECBD。

下图为N32G45XVL-STB开发板实物图：

2 FSP配置UART

2.1 配置参数

硬件连接框图

1）在Pin面板配置IO参数

2）在Stacks面板创建UART模块

3）配置UART的相关参数

2.2 UART模块介绍

1）功能介绍

SCI UART模块支持以下功能:

1）全双工UART通信
2）中断驱动的数据传输和接收
3）用事件代码调用用户回调函数(RX/TX完成，TX数据空，RX字符，错误等)
4）波特率在运行时改变
5）比特率调制和噪声消除
6）CTS/RTS硬件流控制(带关联引脚)
7）RS-485半双工驱动支持外部RS-485收发器
8）与DTC传输模块集成
9）中止正在进行的读/写操作
10）在支持的通道上支持FIO

2）硬件流配置

当配置硬件CTS和软件RTS时，配置的流量控制引脚将用于RTS。当读取数据时，引脚将在接收ISR内部设置高电平。当读取所有数据时，它将被设置为低。当配置硬件CTS和硬件RTS时，CSTn_RTSn引脚将用于RTS功能，CTSn引脚将用于通道n上的CTS功能。

当选择“硬件CTS和硬件RTS”流控制时，CTSn_RTSn引脚连接到CTSn引脚时，驱动程序将遵循正确的硬件流控制功能。当CTSn_RTSn和CTSn断开时，数据仍然会传输，因为CTSn引脚在硬件上被内部拉低，而CTSn引脚被配置为SCI模块的外围引脚。如果不需要硬件流控制，请不要配置CTSn引脚。

3）参数介绍

Configuration	Options	Default	Description
General
Name	Name must be a valid C symbol	g_uart0	Module name.
Channel	Value must be a non-negative integer	0	Select the SCI channel.
Data Bits	8bits 7bits 9bits	8bits	Select the number of bits per word.
Parity	None Odd Even	None	Select the parity mode.
Stop Bits	1bit 2bits	1bit	Select the number of stop bits.
Baud
Flow Control
Extra
Interrupts
Callback	Name must be a valid C symbol	NULL	A user callback function can be provided. If this callback function is provided, it will be called from the interrupt service routine (ISR).
Receive Interrupt Priority	MCU Specific Options		Select the receive interrupt priority.
Transmit Data Empty Interrupt Priority	MCU Specific Options		Select the transmit interrupt priority.
Transmit End Interrupt Priority	MCU Specific Options		Select the transmit end interrupt priority.
Error Interrupt Priority	MCU Specific Options		Select the error interrupt priority.

3 接口函数介绍

3.1 R_SCI_B_UART_Open()

函数原型


fsp_err_t R_SCI_B_UART_Open	(	uart_ctrl_t *const 	p_api_ctrl,
                                uart_cfg_t const *const 	p_cfg )

返回值：

Return values

FSP_SUCCESS Channel opened successfully.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION Pointer to UART control block or configuration structure is NULL.
FSP_ERR_IP_CHANNEL_NOT_PRESENT The requested channel does not exist on this MCU.
FSP_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT Flow control is enabled but flow control pin is not defined.
FSP_ERR_ALREADY_OPEN Control block has already been opened or channel is being used by another instance. Call close() then open() to reconfigure.

3.2 R_SCI_B_UART_Close()

函数原型：中止任何正在进行的传输。禁用中断、接收器和发送器。如果使用，关闭较低级别传输驱动程序。删除的权力。

fsp_err_t R_SCI_B_UART_Close	(	uart_ctrl_t *const 	p_api_ctrl	)

返回值：

Return values

FSP_SUCCESS Channel successfully closed.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION Pointer to UART control block is NULL.
FSP_ERR_NOT_OPEN The control block has not been opened

3.3 R_SCI_B_UART_Read()

函数原型：


fsp_err_t R_SCI_B_UART_Read	(	 uart_ctrl_t *const 	p_api_ctrl,
                                 uint8_t *const 	p_dest,
                                 uint32_t const 	bytes )

返回值：

Return values

FSP_SUCCESS Data reception successfully ends.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION Pointer to UART control block is NULL. Number of transfers outside the max or min boundary when transfer instance used
FSP_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT Destination address or data size is not valid for 9-bit mode.
FSP_ERR_NOT_OPEN The control block has not been opened
FSP_ERR_IN_USE A previous read operation is still in progress.
FSP_ERR_UNSUPPORTED SCI_B_UART_CFG_RX_ENABLE is set to 0

3.4 R_SCI_B_UART_Write()

函数原型：

fsp_err_t R_SCI_B_UART_Write	(	uart_ctrl_t *const 	p_api_ctrl,
                                    uint8_t const *const 	p_src,
                                    uint32_t const 	bytes )

返回值：

Return values

FSP_SUCCESS Data transmission finished successfully.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION Pointer to UART control block is NULL. Number of transfers outside the max or min boundary when transfer instance used
FSP_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT Source address or data size is not valid for 9-bit mode.
FSP_ERR_NOT_OPEN The control block has not been opened
FSP_ERR_IN_USE A UART transmission is in progress
FSP_ERR_UNSUPPORTED SCI_B_UART_CFG_TX_ENABLE is set to 0

3.5 R_SCI_B_UART_BaudSet()

函数原型：


fsp_err_t R_SCI_B_UART_BaudSet	(	uart_ctrl_t *const 	p_api_ctrl,
void const *const 	p_baud_setting 
)

返回值：

Return values

FSP_SUCCESS Baud rate was successfully changed.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION Pointer to UART control block is NULL or the UART is not configured to use the internal clock.
FSP_ERR_NOT_OPEN The control block has not been opened

3.6 R_SCI_B_UART_CallbackSet()

函数原型：


fsp_err_t R_SCI_B_UART_CallbackSet	(  uart_ctrl_t *const 	p_api_ctrl,
                                       void(*)(uart_callback_args_t *) 	p_callback,
                                       void const *const 	p_context,
                                       uart_callback_args_t *const 	p_callback_memory 
)

返回值：

Return values

FSP_SUCCESS Callback updated successfully.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION A required pointer is NULL.
FSP_ERR_NOT_OPEN The control block has not been opened.
FSP_ERR_NO_CALLBACK_MEMORY p_callback is non-secure and p_callback_memory is either secure or NULL.

4 应用范例

4.1 编写应用代码

1）初始化串口函数

代码60行：计算baud

代码63行：设置baud

代码66行：打开串口

2）发送数据函数

3）接收数据中断回调函数

4.2 源代码文件

创建.c文件，编写如下代码：

 /*
 FILE NAME  :  bluetooth.c
 Description:  user bluetooth interface 
 Author     :  tangmingfei2013@126.com
 Date       :  2024/09/15
 */
#include "bsp_uart.h"
#include "bluetooth.h" 
#include "hal_data.h"

#define TRANSFER_LENGTH       128

static uint8_t  g_out_of_band_received[TRANSFER_LENGTH];
static uint32_t g_transfer_complete = 0;
static uint32_t g_receive_complete  = 0;
static uint32_t g_out_of_band_index = 0;

static void r_sci_b_uart1_set_baud (uint32_t baud_rate);
void r_sci_b_uart1_sendArry ( uint8_t *str, uint32_t len);

void blueTooth_Init( void )
{
    r_sci_b_uart1_set_baud( SCI_B_UART_BAUDRATE_9600 );
}

void blueTooth_send( void )
{
    static int sec;
    rtc_time_t get_time;
    
    user_get_currentRtc(&get_time);
    if( get_time.tm_sec != sec  )
    {
        sec = get_time.tm_sec;
        r_sci_b_uart1_sendArry(g_out_of_band_received,TRANSFER_LENGTH );
    }
}

void r_sci_b_uart1_sendArry ( uint8_t *str, uint32_t len)
{
    fsp_err_t err;

    // send the messsage infor
    err = R_SCI_B_UART_Write(&g_uart1_ctrl,str, len);
    assert(FSP_SUCCESS == err);
    while (!g_transfer_complete)
    {
        R_BSP_SoftwareDelay(1, BSP_DELAY_UNITS_MICROSECONDS);
    }
    g_transfer_complete = 0;
}

static void r_sci_b_uart1_set_baud (uint32_t baud_rate)
{
    fsp_err_t err ;
    sci_b_baud_setting_t baud_setting;
    bool                 enable_bitrate_modulation = false;
    uint32_t             error_rate_x_1000         = SCI_B_UART_BAUDRATE_ERROR_PERCENT_5;
    
    err = R_SCI_B_UART_BaudCalculate(baud_rate, enable_bitrate_modulation, error_rate_x_1000, &baud_setting);
    assert(FSP_SUCCESS == err);
    err = R_SCI_B_UART_BaudSet(&g_uart1_ctrl, (void *) &baud_setting);
    assert(FSP_SUCCESS == err);
    
    /* Open the transfer instance with initial configuration. */
    err = R_SCI_B_UART_Open(&g_uart1_ctrl, &g_uart1_cfg);
    assert(FSP_SUCCESS == err);

}

void g_uart1_Callback (uart_callback_args_t * p_args)
{
    /* Handle the UART event */
    switch (p_args->event)
    {
        /* Received a character */
        case UART_EVENT_RX_CHAR:
        {
            /* Only put the next character in the receive buffer if there is space for it */
            if (g_out_of_band_index < TRANSFER_LENGTH)
            {
                /* Write either the next one or two bytes depending on the receive data size */
                if (UART_DATA_BITS_8 >= g_uart1_cfg.data_bits)
                {
                    g_out_of_band_received[g_out_of_band_index] = (uint8_t) p_args->data;
                    g_out_of_band_index++;
                }
                else
                {
                    uint16_t * p_dest = (uint16_t *) &g_out_of_band_received[g_out_of_band_index];
                    *p_dest              = (uint16_t) p_args->data;
                    g_out_of_band_index += 2;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                g_out_of_band_index = 0;
            }
            break;
        }
        /* Receive complete */
        case UART_EVENT_RX_COMPLETE:
        {
            g_receive_complete = 1;
            break;
        }
        /* Transmit complete */
        case UART_EVENT_TX_COMPLETE:
        {
            g_transfer_complete = 1;
            break;
        }
        default:
        {
        }
    }
}



/* End of this file */

5 测试

使用串口调试助手与板卡连接起来，实现数据发生和接收功能。

5.1 测试代码

代码功能介绍：间隔1s发送g_out_of_band_received中的数据，

间隔时间通过MCU内部的RTC模块获取

void blueTooth_send( void )
{
    static int sec;
    rtc_time_t get_time;
    
    user_get_currentRtc(&get_time);
    if( get_time.tm_sec != sec  )
    {
        sec = get_time.tm_sec;
        r_sci_b_uart1_sendArry(g_out_of_band_received,TRANSFER_LENGTH );
    }
}

5.2 运行

系统硬件环境：

测试数据log：

FSP_SUCCESS	Channel opened successfully.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION	Pointer to UART control block or configuration structure is NULL.
FSP_ERR_IP_CHANNEL_NOT_PRESENT	The requested channel does not exist on this MCU.
FSP_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT	Flow control is enabled but flow control pin is not defined.
FSP_ERR_ALREADY_OPEN	Control block has already been opened or channel is being used by another instance. Call close() then open() to reconfigure.

FSP_SUCCESS	Channel successfully closed.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION	Pointer to UART control block is NULL.
FSP_ERR_NOT_OPEN	The control block has not been opened

FSP_SUCCESS	Data reception successfully ends.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION	Pointer to UART control block is NULL. Number of transfers outside the max or min boundary when transfer instance used
FSP_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT	Destination address or data size is not valid for 9-bit mode.
FSP_ERR_NOT_OPEN	The control block has not been opened
FSP_ERR_IN_USE	A previous read operation is still in progress.
FSP_ERR_UNSUPPORTED	SCI_B_UART_CFG_RX_ENABLE is set to 0

FSP_SUCCESS	Data transmission finished successfully.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION	Pointer to UART control block is NULL. Number of transfers outside the max or min boundary when transfer instance used
FSP_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT	Source address or data size is not valid for 9-bit mode.
FSP_ERR_NOT_OPEN	The control block has not been opened
FSP_ERR_IN_USE	A UART transmission is in progress
FSP_ERR_UNSUPPORTED	SCI_B_UART_CFG_TX_ENABLE is set to 0

FSP_SUCCESS	Baud rate was successfully changed.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION	Pointer to UART control block is NULL or the UART is not configured to use the internal clock.
FSP_ERR_NOT_OPEN	The control block has not been opened

FSP_SUCCESS	Callback updated successfully.
FSP_ERR_ASSERTION	A required pointer is NULL.
FSP_ERR_NOT_OPEN	The control block has not been opened.
FSP_ERR_NO_CALLBACK_MEMORY	p_callback is non-secure and p_callback_memory is either secure or NULL.