线上考试系统部署(thirty-six day)

一、线上考试系统的数据虚拟化技术部署

1、部署前端服务器

（1）将资源上传到服务器

scp -r dist/ root@192.168.1.11:~

（2）创建基础容器在服务器上

systemctl start docker.service

docker pull centos

docker run -it --name c1 centos:latest /bin/bash

（3）在容器中修改yum源

rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo  #阿里云镜像

yum clean all && yum makecache

（4）在容器中安装epel

yum -y install epel-release

（5）在容器中安装nginx

yum -y install nginx

（6）ctrl+p+q

（7）导出tar包

docker export -o centos_nginx.tar c1

（8）引入tar包，称为镜像

docker import -m "山不向我走来，我就向山走去" centos_nginx centos:nginx

（9）查看镜像

docker images ls
docker images

（10）停用c1容器，删除c1容器

docker stop c1
docker rm c1

（11）创建新的centos nginx容器，在创建的同时指定端口，以及挂载目录

docker run -it --name c1 -p80:80/tcp -v /opt/:/usr/share/nginx/html/ centos:nginx /bin/bash

nginx      #在容器内部启动nginx

ctrl+p+q

cp -r dist/* /opt/

（12）浏览器访问192.168.1.11

2、docker创建mysql环境

（1）启动docker守护进程

systemctl start docker.service

（2）搜索mysql镜像

docker search mysql

（3）拉取mysql镜像

docker pull mysql

（4）创建镜像容器

[root@Docker ~]# docker run -it --name mysql0 mysql:latest /bin/bash

（5）管理mysql

[root@Docker ~]# docker exec -it m0 mysql -uroot -proot

具体操作

[root@Docker ~]# systemctl start docker

[root@Docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
centos       nginx     28eae436e8fc   3 hours ago   366MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago   231MB

[root@Docker ~]# docker run -it --name mysql0 mysql:latest /bin/bash
Unable to find image 'mysql:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
6e839ac3722d: Pull complete 
ad912193ad5f: Pull complete 
25d13d87fd8d: Pull complete 
004d383c75ef: Pull complete 
6d9bbc82a0b8: Pull complete 
81fec07ea550: Pull complete 
83357cb2d3a5: Pull complete 
8ffe968b82c1: Pull complete 
30dfd9a7ed57: Pull complete 
35844ae33cbe: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:86cdfe832c81e39a89cfb63c3fde1683c41cc00ef91e67653c9c1df0ba80f454
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
bash-5.1# 

bash-5.1# exit
exit

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps --all
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                   CREATED          STATUS                     PORTS                               NAMES
ce66ba050af6   mysql:latest   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   39 seconds ago   Exited (0) 8 seconds ago                                       mysql0
4e6ec10ab435   centos:nginx   "/bin/bash"               3 hours ago      Up 3 hours                 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   c1

[root@Docker ~]# docker start mysql0
mysql0

[root@Docker ~]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
Digest: sha256:86cdfe832c81e39a89cfb63c3fde1683c41cc00ef91e67653c9c1df0ba80f454
Status: Image is up to date for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest

[root@Docker ~]# docker run -d --name m0 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -p3306:3306 mysql:latest
2d4f51a55f6e5e6e955550e7ddf71f390d53313d15e785f96ecd2bae3fd902d4

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
2d4f51a55f6e   mysql:latest   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   18 seconds ago   Up 17 seconds   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   m0
ce66ba050af6   mysql:latest   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   4 minutes ago    Up 3 minutes    3306/tcp, 33060/tcp                                    mysql0
4e6ec10ab435   centos:nginx   "/bin/bash"               3 hours ago      Up 3 hours      0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp                      c1

[root@Docker ~]# docker exec -it m0 mysql -uroot -proot
mysql>

打开Navicat连接虚拟机mysql，然后上传sql文件，在进入虚拟机查看

mysql> show databases;
+---------------------+
| Database            |
+---------------------+
| information_schema  |
| mysql               |
| performance_schema  |
| project_exam_system |
| sys                 |
+---------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use project_exam_system;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------------------+
| Tables_in_project_exam_system |
+-------------------------------+
| admin                         |
| category                      |
| com_city                      |
| com_nation                    |
| course                        |
| dept                          |
| dept_student                  |
| exam                          |
| exam_dept                     |
| exam_process                  |
| loginlog                      |
| major                         |
| menu                          |
| paper                         |
| paper_topic                   |
| role                          |
| role_admin                    |
| role_menu                     |
| semester                      |
| student                       |
| teacher                       |
| topic                         |
| user                          |
+-------------------------------+
23 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from user;
+-----+--------------+----------+--------+---------------------+----------+---------------------+--------+-------+
| id  | userName     | password | status | createTime          | createOr | editTime            | editOr | isDel |
+-----+--------------+----------+--------+---------------------+----------+---------------------+--------+-------+
|   1 | 21001189     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-22 22:04:44 | NULL   |     0 |
|   2 | 21001190     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|   3 | 21001191     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|   4 | 21001192     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|   5 | 21001193     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|   6 | 21001194     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|   7 | 21001195     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|   8 | 21001196     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|   9 | 21001197     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  10 | 21001198     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  11 | 21001199     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  12 | 21001200     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  13 | 21001201     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  14 | 21001202     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  15 | 21001203     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  16 | 21001204     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  17 | 21001205     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  18 | 21001206     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  19 | 21001207     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  20 | 21001208     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  21 | 21001209     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  22 | 21001210     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  23 | 21001211     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  24 | 21001212     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  25 | 21001213     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  26 | 21001772     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  27 | 21001793     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  28 | 21001807     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  29 | 21001910     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  30 | 21001912     | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 09:45:05 | NULL   |     0 |
|  31 | 2021591101   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  32 | 2021591102   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  33 | 2021591103   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  34 | 2021591104   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  35 | 2021591105   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  36 | 2021591106   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  37 | 2021591107   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  38 | 2021591108   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  39 | 2021591110   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  40 | 2021591111   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  41 | 2021591112   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  42 | 2021591113   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  43 | 2021591114   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  44 | 2021591115   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  45 | 2021591116   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  46 | 2021591117   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  47 | 2021591118   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  48 | 2021591120   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  49 | 2021591121   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  50 | 2021591122   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  51 | 2021591123   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  52 | 2021591124   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  53 | 2021591125   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  54 | 2021591126   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  55 | 2021591127   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  56 | 2021591128   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  57 | 2021591129   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  58 | 2021591130   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  59 | 2021591131   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  60 | 2021591132   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  61 | 2021591133   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  62 | 2021591134   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  63 | 2021591136   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  64 | 2021591137   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  65 | 2021591138   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  66 | 2021591139   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  67 | 2021591140   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  68 | 2021591142   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  69 | 2021591143   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  70 | 2021591144   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  71 | 2021591145   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  72 | 2021591148   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  73 | 2021591149   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  74 | 2021591150   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  75 | 2021591153   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  76 | 2021591154   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  77 | 2021591155   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  78 | 202110060145 | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:29:43 | NULL   |     0 |
|  79 | 2021591201   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  80 | 2021591202   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  81 | 2021591203   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  82 | 2021591205   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  83 | 2021591208   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  84 | 2021591209   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  85 | 2021591210   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  86 | 2021591212   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  87 | 2021591213   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  88 | 2021591214   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  89 | 2021591215   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  90 | 2016591111   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  91 | 2021591217   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  92 | 2021591218   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  93 | 2021591219   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  94 | 2021591220   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  95 | 2021591221   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  96 | 2021591222   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  97 | 2021591223   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  98 | 2021591224   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
|  99 | 2021591225   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 100 | 2021591226   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 101 | 2021591227   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 102 | 2021591228   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 103 | 2021591229   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 104 | 2021591230   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 105 | 2021591231   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 106 | 2021591232   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 107 | 2021591233   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 108 | 2021591234   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 109 | 2021591235   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 110 | 2021591236   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 111 | 2021591237   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 112 | 2021591238   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 113 | 2021591239   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 114 | 2021591240   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 115 | 2021591241   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 116 | 2021591242   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 117 | 2021591243   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 118 | 2021591244   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 119 | 2021591245   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 120 | 2021591246   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 121 | 2021591247   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 122 | 2021591248   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 123 | 2021591249   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 124 | 2021591250   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 125 | 2021591253   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 126 | 2021591255   | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:31:54 | NULL   |     0 |
| 127 | 20217210013  | 111111   |      0 | 2024-08-21 22:33:19 | NULL     | 2024-08-21 22:33:19 | NULL   |     0 |
+-----+--------------+----------+--------+---------------------+----------+---------------------+--------+-------+
127 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

3、让容器和宿主机时间一致

让容器共享宿主机的/etc/localtime

[root@Docker ~]# docker run -it --name c0 centos:latest /bin/bash

[root@bff6b2bb3d9e /]# date
Mon Aug 26 06:37:27 UTC 2024 

[root@Docker ~]# docker run -it --name c2 -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime centos:latest /bin/bash

[root@a33dae672ed9 /]# date
Mon Aug 26 14:39:45 CST 2024

扩展：exec命令

[root@Docker ~]# docker exec c2 ls /

[root@Docker ~]# docker exec c2 yum -y install nginx

扩展：容器的ip地址不稳定——link（容器的依赖）

--link 容器名：别名

（1）docker容器的ip地址是不固定，如果要作为服务器使用，就必须能够直接访问服务，不能直接使用ip，为容器设置域名，做端口映射也能保证，确定是一旦停用之后端口被占用，就无法再次启动了

（2）docker run --link 容器的名称或者是id：自定义域名

（3）被link容器必须处于启动状态，否则当前容器无法启动

[root@Docker ~]# docker run -it --name c0 --link m0:mysqldb centos:latest /bin/bash

[root@9a6bfee543cd /]# ping mysqldb
PING mysqldb (172.17.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.079 ms
64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.2): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.052 ms
64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.2): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.051 ms
^C
--- mysqldb ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.051/0.060/0.079/0.015 ms

[root@9a6bfee543cd /]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1	localhost
::1	localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0	ip6-localnet
ff00::0	ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1	ip6-allnodes
ff02::2	ip6-allrouters
172.17.0.2	mysqldb 5dd7947bfcaf m0
172.17.0.3	9a6bfee543cd

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps --all
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE           COMMAND                   CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                 NAMES
9a6bfee543cd   centos:latest   "/bin/bash"               2 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes                         c0
5dd7947bfcaf   mysql:latest    "docker-entrypoint.s…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes   3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   m0

[root@Docker ~]# docker stop m0
m0

[root@Docker ~]# docker run -it --name c1 centos:latest /bin/bash

[root@Docker ~]# docker inspect c1

                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",

[root@Docker ~]# docker start m0
m0

[root@Docker ~]# docker inspect m0

                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.4",

[root@Docker ~]# docker attach c0

[root@9a6bfee543cd /]# ping mysqldb
PING mysqldb (172.17.0.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.4): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.094 ms
64 bytes from mysqldb (172.17.0.4): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.085 ms
^C
--- mysqldb ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.085/0.089/0.094/0.010 ms

[root@9a6bfee543cd /]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1	localhost
::1	localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0	ip6-localnet
ff00::0	ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1	ip6-allnodes
ff02::2	ip6-allrouters
172.17.0.4	mysqldb 5dd7947bfcaf m0
172.17.0.3	9a6bfee543cd

[root@9a6bfee543cd /]# exit
exit

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps --all
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE           COMMAND                   CREATED          STATUS                        PORTS                 NAMES
aee1cf0eab53   centos:latest   "/bin/bash"               5 minutes ago    Up 5 minutes                                        c1
9a6bfee543cd   centos:latest   "/bin/bash"               9 minutes ago    Exited (127) 11 seconds ago                         c0
5dd7947bfcaf   mysql:latest    "docker-entrypoint.s…"   11 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes                  3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   m0

[root@Docker ~]# docker stop c0 c1 m0

二、docker镜像容器

1.docker client向dcoker daemon 发送创建容器的请求

2.docker daemon查找有无客户端需要的镜像

3.如果没有，就到容器的镜像仓库下载需要的镜像

4.拿到容器镜像后，启动容器

分层

Docker 镜像就是一组只读的目录，或者叫只读的 Docker 容器模板，镜像中含有--件系统，所以我们说Docker 镜像是启动一个Docker 容器的基础。

可以将Docker 镜像看成是Docker 容器的静志时，也可将Docker 容器看成是Docker镜像的运行时。

从Docker 的官方文档来看，Docker 容器的定义和 Docker 镜像的定义几乎是相同，Docker 容器和Docker 镜像的区别主要在于docker 容器多出了一个可写层。

容器中的进程就运行在这个可写层，这个可写层有两个状态，即运行态和退出态。当我们docker run 运行容器后，docker 容器就进入了运行态，当我们停止正在运行中的容器时，docker 容器就进入了退出态

我们将容器从运行态转为退出态时，期间发生的变更都会写入到容器的文件系统中(需要注意的是，此处不是写入到了docker镜像中)。

联合文件系统(UnlonFS)是一种轻量级的高性能分层文件系统，它支持将文件系统中的修改信息作为一次提交并层层叠加，同时可以将不同出录挂载到同一个虚拟文件系统下，应用看到的是挂载的最终结果。

联合文件系统是实现Docker镜像的技术基础。Docker镜像可以通过分层来进行继承，例如，用户基于基础镜像(用来生成其他镜像的基础，往往没有父镜像)来制作各种不同的应用镜像。这些像共享同一个基础镜像层，提高了存储效率。此外，当用户改变了一个Docker镜像(比如升级程序到新的版本)，则会创建一个新的层(layer)。因此，用户不用替换整个原镜像或者重新建立，只需要添加新层即可。用户分发镜像的时候，也只需要分发被改动的新层内容(增量部分)。这让Docker的镜像管理变得十分轻量级和快速。

操作

[root@Docker ~]# systemctl stop docker

[root@Docker ~]# cd /var/lib/docker/
[root@Docker docker]# ls
buildkit    engine-id  network   plugins   swarm  volumes
containers  image      overlay2  runtimes  tmp
[root@Docker docker]# cd overlay2/
[root@Docker overlay2]# ls

[root@Docker overlay2]# cd
[root@Docker ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/docker/
[root@Docker ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@Docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/
buildkit    engine-id  network   plugins   swarm  volumes
containers  image      overlay2  runtimes  tmp
[root@Docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID   CREATED   SIZE
[root@Docker ~]# docker ps --all
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

[root@Docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/overlay2/
backingFsBlockDev  l
[root@Docker ~]# docker pull centos

[root@Docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago   231MB
[root@Docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/overlay2/
995db6a0fd46ba18fca60ad04b3d2636f83cda26a9e5e007a1e2f798b0e7cc5e  l
backingFsBlockDev

[root@Docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/overlay2/995db6a0fd46ba18fca60ad04b3d2636f83cda26a9e5e007a1e2f798b0e7cc5e/diff/
bin  etc   lib    lost+found  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  sbin  sys  usr


[root@Docker ~]# docker run -it --name c0 centos:latest /bin/bash
[root@Docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/overlay2/
0ae38644f8efc1a202827f54d26b77bb99cc62590530c95d42ac922c5a2e0b4a
0ae38644f8efc1a202827f54d26b77bb99cc62590530c95d42ac922c5a2e0b4a-init
995db6a0fd46ba18fca60ad04b3d2636f83cda26a9e5e007a1e2f798b0e7cc5e
backingFsBlockDev
l


[root@Docker ~]# docker exec c0 dd if=/dev/zero of=/nuli.txt bs=10M count=100
[root@Docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/overlay2/0ae38644f8efc1a202827f54d26b77bb99cc62590530c95d42ac922c5a2e0b4a
diff  link  lower  merged  work
[root@Docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/overlay2/0ae38644f8efc1a202827f54d26b77bb99cc62590530c95d42ac922c5a2e0b4a/merged/
bin  etc   lib    lost+found  mnt       opt   root  sbin  sys  usr
dev  home  lib64  media       nuli.txt  proc  run   srv   tmp  var

1.在docker daemo初始状态(没有镜像的时候)/var/lib/docker不存在
2.当docker daemon服务器启动，会自动创建dock目录
3.在没有镜像的情况下。查看overlay2这个目录是只有两个文件，管道文件，1目录(管理镜像和容器的软连接的目录)

4.当我们pul一个镜像之后 /a r/lib/docker/overlay2下就有一个新的目录，这个目录就是cenonos的基础目录，这个新的目录就是镜像，就是不可读的层

三、基础镜像的制作

#打包镜像
tar --numeric-owner --exclude=/proc --exclude=/sys -cvf linux_project.tar /

ls -lh linux_project.tar

docker import -m "山不向我走来，我便向山走去" linux_project zm:v0

ls /var/lib/docker/overlay2/

docker run -it --name zm01 zm:v0 /bin/bash

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

ls

[root@Docker ~]# docker run -it --name c0 centos:latest /bin/bash
[root@7554e0a69288 /]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[root@7554e0a69288 /]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 
[root@7554e0a69288 /]# yum clean all && yum makecache
[root@7554e0a69288 /]# yum -y install httpd

[root@Docker ~]# docker commit c0 centos:httpd
[root@Docker ~]# docker stop c0
[root@Docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/overlay2/

6be84eeb89f20e3a01ecb81e31d978dc64a50177463452476ccab40da29a4b30
995db6a0fd46ba18fca60ad04b3d2636f83cda26a9e5e007a1e2f798b0e7cc5e
backingFsBlockDev
da0766199952ddfbd3fbd776006ce5cc13ea2f10e6c8e7e59410903fdd2f85b3
da0766199952ddfbd3fbd776006ce5cc13ea2f10e6c8e7e59410903fdd2f85b3-init
l

[root@Docker ~]# docker rm c0
[root@Docker ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/overlay2/

6be84eeb89f20e3a01ecb81e31d978dc64a50177463452476ccab40da29a4b30
995db6a0fd46ba18fca60ad04b3d2636f83cda26a9e5e007a1e2f798b0e7cc5e    #镜像
backingFsBlockDev
l

[root@Docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
centos       httpd     8c4ea681706e   2 minutes ago   280MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   2 years ago     231MB