Renesa Version Board开发RT-Thread 之UART驱动应用

news2024/11/16 1:57:09

概述

1 硬件介绍

2 软件配置

2.1 RT-Thread Studio配置参数

2.2 FSP配置MCU

3 RT-Thread中UART的接口介绍

3.1 RT-Thread UART简介

3.2 RT-Thread 下的UART接口

4 UART的应用

4.1 应用功能实现

4.2 源代码文件

5 测试

程序下载地址：

RenesaVersionBoard开发RT-Thread之UART驱动应用资源-CSDN文库

概述

本文主要介绍RT-Thread下UART接口的使用方法，笔者使用Renesa Version Board开发板，其开放的UART端口为UART2。文章介绍了使用RT-Studio使能UART，使用FSP配置和使能UART-2，然后编写基于RT-Thread下UART的驱动接口，并测试其功能。

1 硬件介绍

Renesa Version Board开发板扩展接口上提供一个UART接口，其对应Pin引脚为：

Renesa Version Board	功能定义
P802	RX
P801	TX

2 软件配置

2.1 RT-Thread Studio配置参数

点击RT-thread Settings，在Hardware中使能UART2，并保存配置信息

2.2 FSP配置MCU

1) 在RT-Thread Studio中点击FSP，打开该软件

2）配置SCI下的UART

3）创建UART对应的stack

4）完成以上参数配置后就可以生成项目文件

在hal_data.c文件中，看见和uart相关的代码：

sci_b_uart_instance_ctrl_t     g_uart2_ctrl;

            sci_b_baud_setting_t               g_uart2_baud_setting =
            {
                /* Baud rate calculated with 0.160% error. */ .baudrate_bits_b.abcse = 0, .baudrate_bits_b.abcs = 0, .baudrate_bits_b.bgdm = 1, .baudrate_bits_b.cks = 0, .baudrate_bits_b.brr = 64, .baudrate_bits_b.mddr = (uint8_t) 256, .baudrate_bits_b.brme = false
            };

            /** UART extended configuration for UARTonSCI HAL driver */
            const sci_b_uart_extended_cfg_t g_uart2_cfg_extend =
            {
                .clock                = SCI_B_UART_CLOCK_INT,
                .rx_edge_start          = SCI_B_UART_START_BIT_FALLING_EDGE,
                .noise_cancel         = SCI_B_UART_NOISE_CANCELLATION_DISABLE,
                .rx_fifo_trigger        = SCI_B_UART_RX_FIFO_TRIGGER_MAX,
                .p_baud_setting         = &g_uart2_baud_setting,
                .flow_control           = SCI_B_UART_FLOW_CONTROL_RTS,
                #if 0xFF != 0xFF
                .flow_control_pin       = BSP_IO_PORT_FF_PIN_0xFF,
                #else
                .flow_control_pin       = (bsp_io_port_pin_t) UINT16_MAX,
                #endif
                .rs485_setting          = {
                    .enable = SCI_B_UART_RS485_DISABLE,
                    .polarity = SCI_B_UART_RS485_DE_POLARITY_HIGH,
                    .assertion_time = 1,
                    .negation_time = 1,
                }
            };

            /** UART interface configuration */
            const uart_cfg_t g_uart2_cfg =
            {
                .channel             = 2,
                .data_bits           = UART_DATA_BITS_8,
                .parity              = UART_PARITY_OFF,
                .stop_bits           = UART_STOP_BITS_1,
                .p_callback          = g_uart2_Callback,
                .p_context           = NULL,
                .p_extend            = &g_uart2_cfg_extend,
#define RA_NOT_DEFINED (1)
#if (RA_NOT_DEFINED == RA_NOT_DEFINED)
                .p_transfer_tx       = NULL,
#else
                .p_transfer_tx       = &RA_NOT_DEFINED,
#endif
#if (RA_NOT_DEFINED == RA_NOT_DEFINED)
                .p_transfer_rx       = NULL,
#else
                .p_transfer_rx       = &RA_NOT_DEFINED,
#endif
#undef RA_NOT_DEFINED
                .rxi_ipl             = (12),
                .txi_ipl             = (12),
                .tei_ipl             = (12),
                .eri_ipl             = (12),
#if defined(VECTOR_NUMBER_SCI2_RXI)
                .rxi_irq             = VECTOR_NUMBER_SCI2_RXI,
#else
                .rxi_irq             = FSP_INVALID_VECTOR,
#endif
#if defined(VECTOR_NUMBER_SCI2_TXI)
                .txi_irq             = VECTOR_NUMBER_SCI2_TXI,
#else
                .txi_irq             = FSP_INVALID_VECTOR,
#endif
#if defined(VECTOR_NUMBER_SCI2_TEI)
                .tei_irq             = VECTOR_NUMBER_SCI2_TEI,
#else
                .tei_irq             = FSP_INVALID_VECTOR,
#endif
#if defined(VECTOR_NUMBER_SCI2_ERI)
                .eri_irq             = VECTOR_NUMBER_SCI2_ERI,
#else
                .eri_irq             = FSP_INVALID_VECTOR,
#endif
            };

/* Instance structure to use this module. */
const uart_instance_t g_uart2 =
{
    .p_ctrl        = &g_uart2_ctrl,
    .p_cfg         = &g_uart2_cfg,
    .p_api         = &g_uart_on_sci_b
};

3 RT-Thread中UART的接口介绍

3.1 RT-Thread UART简介

RT-Thread官方网站提供了有关UART使用的详细介绍，其网站地址如下：

https://www.rt-thread.org/document/site/#/rt-thread-version/rt-thread-standard/programming-manual/device/uart/uart_v1/uart

打开网站后，可以看见如下页面：

3.2 RT-Thread 下的UART接口

应用程序通过 RT-Thread提供的 I/O 设备管理接口来访问串口硬件，相关接口如下所示：

函数	描述
rt_device_find()	查找设备
rt_device_open()	打开设备
rt_device_read()	读取数据
rt_device_write()	写入数据
rt_device_control()	控制设备
rt_device_set_rx_indicate()	设置接收回调函数
rt_device_set_tx_complete()	设置发送完成回调函数
rt_device_close()	关闭设备

一个使用范例：

void test_uart( void )
{
    #define SAMPLE_UART_NAME       "uart2"    /* 串口设备名称 */

    static rt_device_t serial;                /* 串口设备句柄 */
    char str[] = "hello RT-Thread!\r\n";

    struct serial_configure config = RT_SERIAL_CONFIG_DEFAULT; /* 配置参数 */
 
    /* 查找串口设备 */
    serial = rt_device_find(SAMPLE_UART_NAME);

    /* 以中断接收及轮询发送模式打开串口设备 */
    rt_device_open(serial, RT_DEVICE_FLAG_INT_RX);
   
    /* 发送字符串 */
    rt_device_write(serial, 0, str, (sizeof(str) - 1));
}

4 UART的应用

4.1 应用功能实现

编写一个函数，实现发送字符串的功能，在PC端口使用调试助手接收数据

代码16行：定义设备信息

代码29行：创建接收句柄

代码41行：查找设备

代码44行：打开串口，同时使能接收和发送功能

代码46行：发送字符串

发送数据函数接口：

回调函数接口，中断函数会调用该函数，程序员只需调用相关的接口就能进行数据处理。

4.2 源代码文件

创建comm_uart.c文件，编写如下代码：

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2021, RT-Thread Development Team
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 *
 * Change Logs:
 * Date           Author       Notes
 * 2024-08-25     Administrator       the first version
 */
#include "hal_data.h"
#include "comm_uart.h"


#define TRANSFER_LENGTH   128

#define SAMPLE_UART_NAME       "uart2"    /* 串口设备名称 */
/* 接收模式参数 */
#define RT_DEVICE_FLAG_RX_BLOCKING        0x1000   /* 接收阻塞模式 */

#define RT_DEVICE_FLAG_RX_NON_BLOCKING    0x2000   /* 接收非阻塞模式 */

/* 发送模式参数 */
#define RT_DEVICE_FLAG_TX_BLOCKING        0x4000   /* 发送阻塞模式 */

#define RT_DEVICE_FLAG_TX_NON_BLOCKING    0x8000   /* 发送非阻塞模式 */

#define RT_DEVICE_FLAG_STREAM             0x040     /* 流模式      */

static rt_device_t serial;                          /* 串口设备句柄 */
uint8_t  g_out_of_band_received[TRANSFER_LENGTH];
uint32_t g_transfer_complete = 0;
uint32_t g_receive_complete  = 0;
uint32_t g_out_of_band_index = 0;


void comm_uartInit( void )
{
    char str[] = "hello RT-Thread, I am uart2!\r\n";

    /* 查找串口设备 */
    serial = rt_device_find(SAMPLE_UART_NAME);

    // 串口设备使用模式为 (发送阻塞 接收非阻塞) 模式
    rt_device_open(serial,RT_DEVICE_FLAG_RX_NON_BLOCKING | RT_DEVICE_FLAG_TX_BLOCKING);

    rt_device_write(serial, 0, str, (sizeof(str) - 1));
}


void com_uartSend( char *buff, int len )
{
    rt_device_write(serial, 0, buff, len);
}


void com_uartTest( void )
{
    char str[] = "hello RT-Thread, I am uart2!\r\n";
    rt_device_write(serial, 0, str, (sizeof(str) - 1));
}


void g_uart2_Callback (uart_callback_args_t * p_args)
{
    /* Handle the UART event */
    switch (p_args->event)
    {
        /* Received a character */
        case UART_EVENT_RX_CHAR:
        {
            /* Only put the next character in the receive buffer if there is space for it */
            if (sizeof(g_out_of_band_received) > g_out_of_band_index)
            {
                /* Write either the next one or two bytes depending on the receive data size */
                if (UART_DATA_BITS_8 >= g_uart2_cfg.data_bits)
                {
                    g_out_of_band_received[g_out_of_band_index++] = (uint8_t) p_args->data;
                }
                else
                {
                    uint16_t * p_dest = (uint16_t *) &g_out_of_band_received[g_out_of_band_index];
                    *p_dest              = (uint16_t) p_args->data;
                    g_out_of_band_index += 2;
                }
            }
            else {
                g_out_of_band_index = 0;
            }
            break;
        }
        /* Receive complete */
        case UART_EVENT_RX_COMPLETE:
        {
            g_receive_complete = 1;
            break;
        }
        /* Transmit complete */
        case UART_EVENT_TX_COMPLETE:
        {
            g_transfer_complete = 1;
            break;
        }
        default:
        {
        }
    }
}

5 测试

编译代码，下载到板卡中，在终端输入如下命令，查看UART-2是否被使能

list device

编写一个测试函数，在主函数中发送字符串：

void com_uartTest( void )
{
    char str[] = "hello RT-Thread, I am uart2!\r\n";
    rt_device_write(serial, 0, str, (sizeof(str) - 1));
}

运行代码，在串口终端上可以看见：

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