Heap.h

#pragma once

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
typedef int HPDataType;
typedef struct Heap
{
	HPDataType* a;
	int size;
	int capacity;
}Heap;

//初始化
void HeapInit(Heap* php);
//堆的构建
void HeapCreate(Heap* php, HPDataType* a, int size);
//销毁
void HeapDestroy(Heap* php);
//向上调整
void AdjustUp(HPDataType* a, int child);
//插入
void HeapPush(Heap* php, HPDataType data);
//向下调整
void AdjustDown(HPDataType* a, int parent, int size);
//删除
void HeapPop(Heap* php);
//取堆顶数据
HPDataType HeapTop(Heap* php);
//堆的大小
int HeapSize(Heap* php);
//是否为空
bool HeapEmpty(Heap* php);
//打印函数
void Print(Heap* php);

Heap.c

#include "Heap.h"

//初始化
void HeapInit(Heap* php)
{
	assert(php);

	php->a = NULL;
	php->size = 0;
	php->capacity = 0;
}

//堆的构建
void HeapCreate(Heap* php, HPDataType* a, int size)
{
	assert(php);

	php->a = (HPDataType*)malloc(sizeof(HPDataType) * size);
	if (php->a == NULL)
	{
		perror("HeapCreate");
		exit(-1);
	}
	php->size = size;
	php->capacity = size;
	//插入
	memcpy(php->a, a, sizeof(HPDataType) * size);

	//向下调整建堆
	int i;
	for (i = (size - 2) / 2; i >= 0; i--)
	{
		AdjustDown(php->a, i, size);
	}
}
//销毁
void HeapDestroy(Heap* php)
{
	assert(php);

	free(php->a);
	php->a = NULL;
	php->size = 0;
	php->capacity = 0;
}

void Swap(HPDataType* x, HPDataType* y)
{
	assert(x && y);

	HPDataType tmp = *x;
	*x = *y;
	*y = tmp;
}

//向上调整
void AdjustUp(HPDataType* a, int child)
{
	assert(a);

	while (child > 0)
	{
		int parent = (child - 1) / 2;
		//小堆
		if (a[child] < a[parent])
		{
			Swap(&a[child], &a[parent]);
			child = parent;
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

//插入
void HeapPush(Heap* php, HPDataType data)
{
	assert(php);

	//扩容
	if (php->size == php->capacity)
	{
		int NewCapacity = php->capacity == 0 ? 4 : php->capacity * 2;
		HPDataType* tmp = (HPDataType*)realloc(php->a, sizeof(HPDataType) * NewCapacity);
		if (tmp == NULL)
		{
			perror("HeapPush");
			exit(-1);
		}
		php->a = tmp;
		php->capacity = NewCapacity;
	}
	//插入
	php->a[php->size++] = data;
	//建堆
	AdjustUp(php->a, php->size - 1);

}

//向下调整
void AdjustDown(HPDataType* a, int parent, int size)
{
	assert(a);

	int SChild = parent * 2 + 1;
	while (SChild < size)
	{
		//小堆
		if (SChild + 1 < size && a[SChild + 1] < a[SChild])
		{
			++SChild;
		}
		if (a[SChild] < a[parent])
		{
			Swap(&a[SChild], &a[parent]);
			parent = SChild;
			SChild = parent * 2 + 1;
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

//删除堆顶数据
void HeapPop(Heap* php)
{
	assert(php);
	assert(php->size > 0);

	Swap(&php->a[0], &php->a[php->size - 1]);
	php->size--;

	//建堆
	AdjustDown(php->a, 0, php->size);

}

//取堆顶数据
HPDataType HeapTop(Heap* php)
{
	assert(php);
	assert(php->size > 0);

	return php->a[0];
}

//堆的大小
int HeapSize(Heap* php)
{
	assert(php);

	return php->size;
}

//是否为空
bool HeapEmpty(Heap* php)
{
	return php->size == 0;
}

//打印函数
void Print(Heap* php)
{
	assert(php);

	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < php->size; ++i)
	{
		printf("%d ", php->a[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
	
}

test.c

#include "Heap.h"

void test1()
{
	Heap hp;
	//初始化
	HeapInit(&hp);
	Print(&hp);
	//插入数据
	HeapPush(&hp, 9);
	Print(&hp);
	HeapPush(&hp, 2);
	Print(&hp);
	HeapPush(&hp, 7);
	Print(&hp);
	HeapPush(&hp, 8);
	Print(&hp);
	HeapPush(&hp, 3);
	Print(&hp);
	HeapPush(&hp, 1);
	Print(&hp);
	HeapPush(&hp, 0);
	Print(&hp);
	HeapPush(&hp, 5);
	Print(&hp);
	//堆的大小
	printf("HeapSize = %d\n", HeapSize(&hp));
	//堆排序
	while (!HeapEmpty(&hp))
	{
		//打印堆顶数据
		printf("%d ", HeapTop(&hp));
		//删除堆顶数据
		HeapPop(&hp);
	}
	printf("\n");
	//销毁
	HeapDestroy(&hp);
}

void test2()
{
	Heap hp;
	int arr[] = { 5,11,7,2,3,17 };
	int sz = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
	//用数据初始化
	HeapCreate(&hp, arr, sz);
	Print(&hp);
    //插入数据
	HeapPush(&hp, 6);
	Print(&hp);
	HeapPush(&hp, 9);
	Print(&hp);
	//堆的大小
	printf("HeapSize = %d\n", HeapSize(&hp));
	//堆排序
	while (!HeapEmpty(&hp))
	{
		//打印堆顶数据
		printf("%d ", HeapTop(&hp));
		//删除堆顶数据
		HeapPop(&hp);
	}
	//销毁
	HeapDestroy(&hp);
}
int main()
{
	test1();

	//test2();
	return 0;
}

测试示例

普通初始化：

用数据初始化：