前言

1. 使用usb-host组件读取u盘
2. 记录同时挂载sd和u盘
3. 用到的芯片为stm32f407zgt6
4. u盘的格式为fat

组件选择

文件相关的宏定义

/* DFS: device virtual file system */
/* 设备虚拟文件系统 */
#define RT_USING_DFS
#define DFS_USING_WORKDIR
#define DFS_FILESYSTEMS_MAX 3 // 这里
#define DFS_FILESYSTEM_TYPES_MAX 2
#define DFS_FD_MAX 16
//#define RT_USING_DFS_MNTTABLE /*可移植操作系统接口（Portable Operating System Interface of UNIX，缩写 POSIX）*/
/* elm-chan's FatFs, Generic FAT Filesystem Module */
#define RT_MMCSD_STACK_SIZE 2048
#define RT_DFS_ELM_CODE_PAGE 936
#define RT_DFS_ELM_USE_LFN 3
#define RT_DFS_ELM_LFN_UNICODE 0
#define RT_DFS_ELM_MAX_LFN 255
#define RT_DFS_ELM_DRIVES 2
#define RT_DFS_ELM_MAX_SECTOR_SIZE 512
#define RT_DFS_ELM_REENTRANT
#define RT_DFS_ELM_MUTEX_TIMEOUT 3000
#define RT_USING_DFS_DEVFS
// -----------------------------USB 组件
#define RT_USING_USB
#define RT_USING_USB_HOST
#define RT_USBH_MSTORAGE
#define UDISK_MOUNTPOINT "/disk"  // 挂载节点要在sd卡目录上存在
#define RT_USBD_THREAD_STACK_SZ 4096

注意，这里“DFS_FILESYSTEMS_MAX ”的配置

1. 要配置最少数目是3., SD卡占一个，U盘占一个,还有dfs内置了一个dev要占一个,源码如下
   

SD卡配置

SD卡硬件驱动的配置(cubemx生成)

//
// Created by shchl on 2024/3/10.
//
#include "board.h"
#ifdef BSP_USING_SDIO

void HAL_SD_MspInit(SD_HandleTypeDef *hsd) {
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    if (hsd->Instance == SDIO) {
        /* USER CODE BEGIN SDIO_MspInit 0 */

        /* USER CODE END SDIO_MspInit 0 */
        /* Peripheral clock enable */
        __HAL_RCC_SDIO_CLK_ENABLE();

        __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
        __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();
        /**SDIO GPIO Configuration
        PC8     ------> SDIO_D0
        PC9     ------> SDIO_D1
        PC10     ------> SDIO_D2
        PC11     ------> SDIO_D3
        PC12     ------> SDIO_CK
        PD2     ------> SDIO_CMD
        */
        GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_8 | GPIO_PIN_9 | GPIO_PIN_10 | GPIO_PIN_11 | GPIO_PIN_12;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF12_SDIO;
        HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);

        GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_2;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
        GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF12_SDIO;
        HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStruct);

        /* USER CODE BEGIN SDIO_MspInit 1 */

        /* USER CODE END SDIO_MspInit 1 */
    }

}
#endif

SD卡文件系统挂载

//
// Created by shchl on 2024/3/10.
//
#include <board.h>


#include "dfs.h"
#include "dfs_fs.h"


const struct dfs_mount_tbl mount_table[] = {
        {"sd0", "/", "elm", 0, 0},
};
#ifndef RT_USING_DFS_MNTTABLE

int dfs_mount_table(void) {
    static rt_uint8_t try_cnt;

    for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(mount_table) / sizeof(mount_table[0]); ++i) {
        retry_mount:
        if (dfs_mount(mount_table[i].device_name,
                      mount_table[i].path,
                      mount_table[i].filesystemtype,
                      mount_table[i].rwflag,
                      mount_table[i].data) != 0) {
            if (try_cnt < 10) {
                rt_thread_mdelay(20);
                try_cnt++;
                goto retry_mount;
            } else {
                rt_kprintf("mount fs[%s] on %s failed.\n",
                           mount_table[i].filesystemtype,
                           mount_table[i].path);
            }
        }
        try_cnt = 0;
    }
    return 0;
}

INIT_ENV_EXPORT(dfs_mount_table);
#endif

USB硬件驱动配置(cubemx生成)

//
// Created by shchl on 2024/3/16.
//

#include "board.h"

#ifdef BSP_USING_USBHOST

//USB主机电源控制口
#define USB_HOST_PWRCTRL    GET_PIN(A,15)    //PA15

void HAL_HCD_MspInit(HCD_HandleTypeDef *hhcd) {

    if (hhcd->Instance == USB_OTG_FS) {
        /**USB_OTG_FS GPIO Configuration
        PA11     ------> USB_OTG_FS_DM
        PA12     ------> USB_OTG_FS_DP
        */
        GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
        __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();                   //使能GPIOA时钟
        //配置PA11 12
        GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_11 | GPIO_PIN_12;    //PA11 12
        GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;           //复用
        GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;               //无上下拉
        GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_HIGH;          //高速
        GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF10_OTG_FS;     //复用为OTG FS
        HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);         //初始化

        //PA15
        GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_15;                      //PA15
        GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;             //推挽输出
        GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;                     //无上下拉
        GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_HIGH;                //高速
        HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
        rt_pin_write(USB_HOST_PWRCTRL, PIN_HIGH);   //开启USB HOST电源供电

        /* Peripheral clock enable */
        __HAL_RCC_USB_OTG_FS_CLK_ENABLE();
        /* USB_OTG_FS interrupt Init */
        HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(OTG_FS_IRQn, 0, 0);
        HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(OTG_FS_IRQn);
    }
}

#endif

测试结果