目录
类功能
类定义
类实现
编译测试
Split分割字符串测试
ReadFile读取测试
WriteFile写入测试
UrlEncode编码测试
UrlDecode编码测试
StatuDesc状态码信息获取测试
ExtMime后缀名获取文件mime测试
IsDirectory&IsRegular测试
VaildPath请求路径有效性判断测试
总编译
补充
trunc截断
编码格式的规定
md5sum校验和比较两个文件是否一致
新增gdb调试手法
类功能
类定义
#include "../server.hpp"
class Util{
public :
// 字符串分割函数
size_t Split();
// 读取文件内容
static bool ReadFile();
// 向文件写入数据
static bool WriteFile();
// URL编码
static bool UrlEncode();
// URL解码
static bool UrlDecode();
// 响应状态码的描述信息获取
static std::string StatuDesc();
// 根据文件后缀名获取文件mime
static std::string ExtMime();
// 判断一个文件是否是一个目录
static bool IsDirectory();
// 判断一个文件是否是一个普通文件
static bool IsRegular();
// http请求的资源路径有效性判断
static bool VaildPath();
};类实现
#include "../server.hpp"
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fstream>
class Util
{
public:
// 字符串分割函数
static size_t Split(const std::string &src, const std::string &sep, std::vector<std::string> *arry)
{
size_t offset = 0;
// 有10个字符,offset是查找的起始位置,范围应该是0~9,offset==10就代表已经越界了,返回查找的位置
while (offset < src.size())
{
size_t pos = src.find(sep, offset); // 在src字符串偏移量offset处,开始向后查找sep字符/子串,返回查找到的位置
if (pos == std::string::npos) // 没有找到特定的字符
{
// 将剩余的部分当做一个子串,放入arry中
if (pos == src.size())
break;
arry->push_back(src.substr(offset));
return arry->size();
}
if (pos == offset)
{
offset = pos + sep.size();
continue; // 当前字符串是一个空串,没有内容
}
arry->push_back(src.substr(offset, pos - offset));
offset = pos + sep.size();
}
return arry->size();
}
// 读取文件的所有内容,将读取到的内容放到一个容器中
static bool ReadFile(const std::string &filename, std::string *buf)
{
std::ifstream ifs(filename, std::ios::binary); // 以二进制的方式读取
if (ifs.is_open() == false)
{
printf("OPEN %s FILE FAILED!!", filename.c_str());
return false;
}
size_t fsize = 0; // 偏移量
ifs.seekg(0, ifs.end); // 跳转读写位置到末尾
fsize = ifs.tellg(); // 获取当前读写位置相对于起始位置的偏移量,从末尾偏移量刚好就是文件大小
ifs.seekg(0, ifs.beg); // 跳转到起始位置
buf->resize(fsize); // 开辟文件大小的空间
ifs.read(&(*buf)[0], fsize); // c_str()返回的是一个const,所以不行
if (ifs.good() == false)
{
printf("READ %s FILE FAILED!!", filename.c_str());
ifs.close();
return false;
}
ifs.close();
return true;
}
// 向文件写入数据
static bool WriteFile(const std::string &filename, const std::string &buf)
{
std::ofstream ofs(filename, std::ios::binary | std::ios::trunc);
if (ofs.is_open() == false)
{
printf("OPEN %s FILE FAILED!!", filename.c_str());
return false;
}
ofs.write(buf.c_str(), buf.size());
if (ofs.good() == false)
{
ERR_LOG("WRITE %s FILE FAILED!", filename.c_str());
ofs.close();
return false;
}
ofs.close();
return true;
}
// URL编码，避免URL中资源路径与查询字符串中的特殊字符与HTTP请求中特殊字符产生歧义
// 编码格式：将特殊字符的ascii值，转换为两个16进制字符，前缀% C++ -> C%2B%2B
// 不编码的特殊字符： RFC3986文档规定 . - _ ~ 字母，数字属于绝对不编码字符
// RFC3986文档规定，编码格式 %HH
// W3C标准中规定，查询字符串中的空格，需要编码为+， 解码则是+转空格
static std::string UrlEncode(const std::string url, bool convert_space_to_plus)
{
std::string res;
for (auto &c : url)
{
if (c == '.' || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '~' || isalnum(c))
{
res += c;
continue;
}
if (c == ' ' && convert_space_to_plus == true)
{
res += '+';
continue;
}
// 剩下的字符都是需要编码成为 %HH 格式
char tmp[4] = {0};
// snprintf 与 printf比较类似,都是格式化字符串,只不过一个是打印,一个是放到一块空间中
snprintf(tmp, 4, "%%%02X", c);
res += tmp;
}
return res;
}
static char HEXTOI(char c)
{
if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
return c - '0';
else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
return c - 'a' + 10; // 注意要加10,16进制中,字母a从11开始
else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
return c - 'A' + 10;
return -1;
}
// URL解码
static std::string UrlDecode(const std::string url, bool convert_plus_to_space)
{
// 遇到了%,则将紧随其后的2个字符,转换为数字,第一个数字左移4位,然后加上第二个数字
// + ->2b %2b->2 << 4 + 11
std::string res;
for (int i = 0; i < url.size(); i++)
{
if (url[i] == '+' && convert_plus_to_space == true)
{
res += ' ';
continue;
}
if (url[i] == '%')
{
char v1 = HEXTOI(url[i + 1]);
char v2 = HEXTOI(url[i + 2]);
char v = v1 * 16 + v2;
i += 2;
continue;
}
res += url[i];
}
return res;
}
// 响应状态码的描述信息获取
static std::string StatuDesc(int statu)
{
std::unordered_map<int, std::string> _statu_msg = {
{100, "Continue"},
{101, "Switching Protocol"},
{102, "Processing"},
{103, "Early Hints"},
{200, "OK"},
{201, "Created"},
{202, "Accepted"},
{203, "Non-Authoritative Information"},
{204, "No Content"},
{205, "Reset Content"},
{206, "Partial Content"},
{207, "Multi-Status"},
{208, "Already Reported"},
{226, "IM Used"},
{300, "Multiple Choice"},
{301, "Moved Permanently"},
{302, "Found"},
{303, "See Other"},
{304, "Not Modified"},
{305, "Use Proxy"},
{306, "unused"},
{307, "Temporary Redirect"},
{308, "Permanent Redirect"},
{400, "Bad Request"},
{401, "Unauthorized"},
{402, "Payment Required"},
{403, "Forbidden"},
{404, "Not Found"},
{405, "Method Not Allowed"},
{406, "Not Acceptable"},
{407, "Proxy Authentication Required"},
{408, "Request Timeout"},
{409, "Conflict"},
{410, "Gone"},
{411, "Length Required"},
{412, "Precondition Failed"},
{413, "Payload Too Large"},
{414, "URI Too Long"},
{415, "Unsupported Media Type"},
{416, "Range Not Satisfiable"},
{417, "Expectation Failed"},
{418, "I'm a teapot"},
{421, "Misdirected Request"},
{422, "Unprocessable Entity"},
{423, "Locked"},
{424, "Failed Dependency"},
{425, "Too Early"},
{426, "Upgrade Required"},
{428, "Precondition Required"},
{429, "Too Many Requests"},
{431, "Request Header Fields Too Large"},
{451, "Unavailable For Legal Reasons"},
{501, "Not Implemented"},
{502, "Bad Gateway"},
{503, "Service Unavailable"},
{504, "Gateway Timeout"},
{505, "HTTP Version Not Supported"},
{506, "Variant Also Negotiates"},
{507, "Insufficient Storage"},
{508, "Loop Detected"},
{510, "Not Extended"},
{511, "Network Authentication Required"}};
auto it = _statu_msg.find(statu);
if (it != _statu_msg.end())
{
return it->second;
}
return "Unknow";
}
// 根据文件后缀名获取文件mime
static std::string ExtMime(const std::string &filename)
{
std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> _mime_msg = {
{".aac", "audio/aac"},
{".abw", "application/x-abiword"},
{".arc", "application/x-freearc"},
{".avi", "video/x-msvideo"},
{".azw", "application/vnd.amazon.ebook"},
{".bin", "application/octet-stream"},
{".bmp", "image/bmp"},
{".bz", "application/x-bzip"},
{".bz2", "application/x-bzip2"},
{".csh", "application/x-csh"},
{".css", "text/css"},
{".csv", "text/csv"},
{".doc", "application/msword"},
{".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"},
{".eot", "application/vnd.ms-fontobject"},
{".epub", "application/epub+zip"},
{".gif", "image/gif"},
{".htm", "text/html"},
{".html", "text/html"},
{".ico", "image/vnd.microsoft.icon"},
{".ics", "text/calendar"},
{".jar", "application/java-archive"},
{".jpeg", "image/jpeg"},
{".jpg", "image/jpeg"},
{".js", "text/javascript"},
{".json", "application/json"},
{".jsonld", "application/ld+json"},
{".mid", "audio/midi"},
{".midi", "audio/x-midi"},
{".mjs", "text/javascript"},
{".mp3", "audio/mpeg"},
{".mpeg", "video/mpeg"},
{".mpkg", "application/vnd.apple.installer+xml"},
{".odp", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation"},
{".ods", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet"},
{".odt", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text"},
{".oga", "audio/ogg"},
{".ogv", "video/ogg"},
{".ogx", "application/ogg"},
{".otf", "font/otf"},
{".png", "image/png"},
{".pdf", "application/pdf"},
{".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
{".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"},
{".rar", "application/x-rar-compressed"},
{".rtf", "application/rtf"},
{".sh", "application/x-sh"},
{".svg", "image/svg+xml"},
{".swf", "application/x-shockwave-flash"},
{".tar", "application/x-tar"},
{".tif", "image/tiff"},
{".tiff", "image/tiff"},
{".ttf", "font/ttf"},
{".txt", "text/plain"},
{".vsd", "application/vnd.visio"},
{".wav", "audio/wav"},
{".weba", "audio/webm"},
{".webm", "video/webm"},
{".webp", "image/webp"},
{".woff", "font/woff"},
{".woff2", "font/woff2"},
{".xhtml", "application/xhtml+xml"},
{".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
{".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"},
{".xml", "application/xml"},
{".xul", "application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml"},
{".zip", "application/zip"},
{".3gp", "video/3gpp"},
{".3g2", "video/3gpp2"},
{".7z", "application/x-7z-compressed"},
};
// a.b.txt 获取文件名
size_t pos = filename.find_last_of('.');
if (pos != std::string::npos)
return "application/octet-stream"; // 没找着，表示文件是一个二进制文件
// 根据扩展名,获取mime
std::string ext = filename.substr(pos);
auto it = _mime_msg.find(ext);
if (it == _mime_msg.end())
return "application/octet-stream";
return it->second;
}
// 判断一个文件是否是一个目录
static bool IsDirectory(const std::string &filename)
{
struct stat st;
int ret = stat(filename.c_str(), &st);
if (ret < 0)
return false;
return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
}
// 判断一个文件是否是一个普通文件
static bool IsRegular(const std::string &filename)
{
struct stat st;
int ret = stat(filename.c_str(), &st);
if (ret < 0)
return false;
return S_ISREG(st.st_mode);
}
// http请求的资源路径有效性判断
// /index.html --- 前边的/叫做相对根目录 映射的是某个服务器上的子目录
// 想表达的意思就是，客户端只能请求相对根目录中的资源，其他地方的资源都不予理会
// /../login, 这个路径中的..会让路径的查找跑到相对根目录之外，这是不合理的，不安全的
static bool VaildPath();
};编译测试
各个函数依次测试功能
Split分割字符串测试
ReadFile读取测试
WriteFile写入测试
UrlEncode编码测试
UrlDecode编码测试
StatuDesc状态码信息获取测试
ExtMime后缀名获取文件mime测试
IsDirectory&IsRegular测试
VaildPath请求路径有效性判断测试
总编译
无异常，符合预期
测试案例代码
int main()
{
std::cout << VaildPath("/html/../../index.html") << std::endl;
/*
测试(IsDirectory)&(IsRegular)
std::cout << IsRegular("../regex/regex.cpp") << std::endl;
std::cout << IsRegular("../regex") << std::endl;
std::cout << IsDirectory("../regex/regex.cpp") << std::endl;
std::cout << IsDirectory("../regex") << std::endl;
*/
/*
测试(StatuDesc)&(ExtMime)
std::cout << StatuDesc(200) << std::endl;
std::cout << ExtMime("a.png") << std::endl;
*/
/*
测试(UrlEncode)&(UrlDecode)
std::string str = "C ";
std::string res = UrlEncode(str, false);
std::string tmp = UrlDecode(res, false);
std::cout << "[" << res << "]\n";
std::cout << "[" << tmp << "]\n";
*/
/*
测试(UrlEncode)
std::string str = "/login?user=qingfengyugu&passwwd=C++";
std::string res = UrlEncode(str, false);
std::cout << res << std::endl;
*/
/*
测试(ReadFile)&(ReadFile)
std::string buf;
bool ret = ReadFile("../eventfd/eventfd.c", &buf);
if (ret == false)
return false;
ret = WriteFile("./ttt.c", buf);
if (ret == false)
return false;
*/
/*
测试(Split)
std::string str = "abc,,,";
std::vector<std::string> arry;
Split(str, ",", &arry);
for (auto &s : arry)
{
std::cout << "[" << s << "]\n";
}
*/
return 0;
}补充
trunc截断
参考文献
c++ 输入输出流 ios::out 和ios::trunc有什么区别-CSDN博客
编码格式的规定
md5sum校验和比较两个文件是否一致
参考文献
Linux下使用md5sum计算和检验MD5码 - 知乎 (zhihu.com)
新增gdb调试手法
建议参考文献
GDB调试run和start的区别_gdb start-CSDN博客
gdb 的 s 和 si 指令有什么区别 - CSDN文库
详解gdb常用指令 | CS笔记 (pynote.net)
