以模板为例子

将上面$转义的内容替换即可

package com.gxuwz.zjh.util;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author FangZenglin
 * @date 2023年10月12日17:27
 */
@Component
public class ExcelZiDongTian {
    public  void xieexcel_qitajia(String exceldizhi,
                                  String danwei,
                                  String xingming,
                                  String date,
                                  String zhiwu,
                                  String shiyou,
                                  String leixing,
                                  String baocundizhi) throws IOException {

        FileInputStream templateFile = new FileInputStream(exceldizhi);
        Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(templateFile);
        templateFile.close();

        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);

        Map<String, String> data = new HashMap<>();
        data.put("danwei", danwei);
        data.put("xingming", xingming);
        data.put("date", date);
        data.put("zhiwu", zhiwu);
        data.put("shiyou", shiyou);
        data.put("leixing", leixing);
        for (Row row : sheet) {
            for (Cell cell : row) {
                String cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
                if (cellValue.startsWith("$")) {

                    String key = cellValue.substring(1);

                    if (data.containsKey(key)) {
                        cell.setCellValue(data.get(key));
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(baocundizhi);
        workbook.write(outputStream);
        workbook.close();
    }


    public  void xieexcel_nianjia(String exceldizhi,
                                  String danwei,
                                  String shoucigongzuonianyue,
                                  String gongling,
                                  String quxiang,
                                  String xingming,
                                  String date,
                                  String zhiwu,
                                  String leixing,
                                  String baocundizhi) throws IOException {

        FileInputStream templateFile = new FileInputStream(exceldizhi);
        Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(templateFile);
        templateFile.close();

        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);

        Map<String, String> data = new HashMap<>();
        data.put("danwei", danwei);
        data.put("xingming", xingming);
        data.put("date", date);
        data.put("zhiwu", zhiwu);
        data.put("quxiang", quxiang);
        data.put("shoucigongzuonianyue",shoucigongzuonianyue);
        data.put("gongling",gongling);
        data.put("leixing", leixing);
        for (Row row : sheet) {
            for (Cell cell : row) {
                String cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
                if (cellValue.startsWith("$")) {

                    String key = cellValue.substring(1);

                    if (data.containsKey(key)) {
                        cell.setCellValue(data.get(key));
                    }
                }
            }
        }


        FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(baocundizhi);
        workbook.write(outputStream);
        workbook.close();
    }
}