本系列教程包括:
IOT云平台 simple(0)IOT云平台简介
IOT云平台 simple(1)netty入门
IOT云平台 simple(2)springboot入门
IOT云平台 simple(3)springboot netty实现TCP Server
IOT云平台 simple(4)springboot netty实现简单的mqtt broker
IOT云平台 simple(5)springboot netty实现modbus TCP Master
IOT云平台 simple(6)springboot netty实现IOT云平台基本的架构(mqtt、Rabbitmq)
本章首先简单介绍了IOT云平台最基本的架构,然后基于springboot netty实现IOT Server;最后进行了测试验证。
测试环境:
- mqtt终端,这里用MQTT.fx 工具软件模拟;
- IOT server:基于springboot netty进行开发;
- Rabbitmq broker;本地安装Windows 64位环境;
- Rabbitmq consumer,订阅mq message的server,这里用MQTT Assistant工具软件模拟;
1 IOT云平台最基本的架构
本章涉及的IOT云平台最基本架构图:
说明:
1)为了简单,这里只包括mqtt上行链路,即mqtt终端上传数据;
2)这里通过Rabbitmq 进行消息的分发,也可以用其他mq中间件,如kafka。
3)Mqtt terminal:mqtt终端,指的是具体的设备传感器或者mqtt协议网关。
具体流程:
第1步,mqtt终端
实现mqtt协议或者其他协议(modbus、wifi、蓝牙)转换为mqtt协议。
第2步,mqtt终端->IOT server
mqtt终端publish message到IOT server;
第3步,IOT server->Rabbitmq broker
IOT Server中mqtt broker的模块收到mqtt message,进行解析,然后通过Rabbitmq producer模块,publish message到Rabbitmq broker;
第4步,Rabbitmq broker->不同server
Rabbitmq broker收到消息存入指定的queue,然后分发到订阅消息的不同server;
第5步,不同server
不同server监听收到消息进行相应的处理;如:存入到时序数据库、进行大数据流的计算、具体业务的处理。
2 集成开发
第1步:POM文件引入netty、Rabbitmq的依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
<version>4.1.63.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
2.1实现mqtt broker
创建主要的类:
1)TCPServer
server类,实现mqtt broker。
2 )TCPServerStartListener
监听到springboot启动后,启动server。
3)TCPServerChannelInitializer
server channel初始化的类
包括两个server channel处理的类:
1) MqttMessageChannelHandler:
server channel处理的类;实现mqtt消息的解析;
@Component
@Slf4j
@ChannelHandler.Sharable
public class MqttMessageChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
@Autowired
MessageStrategyManager messageStrategyManager;
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, Object msg) throws Exception {
MqttMessage mqttMessage = (MqttMessage) msg;
log.info("--------------------------channelRead begin---------------------------*");
log.info("from client:" + channelHandlerContext.channel().remoteAddress());
log.info("receive message:" + mqttMessage.toString());
try {
MqttMessageType type = mqttMessage.fixedHeader().messageType();
MessageStrategy messageStrategy = messageStrategyManager.getMessageStrategy(type);
if(messageStrategy!=null){
messageStrategy.sendResponseMessage(channelHandlerContext,mqttMessage);
}
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
log.info("--------------------------channelRead end---------------------------*");
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { // (4)
// 当出现异常就关闭连接
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
}
2) MqMessageChannelHandler:
server channel处理的类;实现mq消息发布到Rabbitmq broker;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MqMessageChannelHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
@Autowired
ProducerService producerService;
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
if (!(msg instanceof MqMessage)) {
return;
}
MqMessage mqMessage = (MqMessage) msg;
log.info("转发到Rabbitmq Server:" + mqMessage.data);
producerService.sendData(mqMessage.data);
}
}
2.2实现Rabbitmq producer
1 定义配置类ProducerConfig:
exchange(交换机):topic_exchange
queue(队列):topic_queue
bindKey(绑定key):project1.station1.*
@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class ProducerConfig {
String bindKey = "project1.station1.*";
@Bean
public RabbitTemplate createRabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate();
rabbitTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
//开启Mandatory,触发回调函数
rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true);
//ack
rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(new RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback() {
@Override
public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
log.info("-----------confirm begin---------------");
log.info("data:" + correlationData);
if(ack){
log.info("Ack:true");
}else{
log.info("Ack:false");
}
log.info("cause:" + cause);
log.info("-----------confirm end---------------");
}
});
//return
rabbitTemplate.setReturnsCallback(new RabbitTemplate.ReturnsCallback() {
@Override
public void returnedMessage(ReturnedMessage returnedMessage) {
log.info("-----------return begin---------------");
log.info("message:"+returnedMessage.getMessage());
log.info("reply code:"+returnedMessage.getReplyCode());
log.info("reply text:"+returnedMessage.getReplyText());
log.info("exchange:"+returnedMessage.getExchange());
log.info("routeKey:"+returnedMessage.getRoutingKey());
log.info("-----------return end---------------");
}
});
return rabbitTemplate;
}
@Bean("topic_exchange")
public TopicExchange topicExchange() {
return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange("topic_exchange").durable(true).build();
}
@Bean("topic_queue")
public Queue topicQueue(){
return QueueBuilder.durable("topic_queue").build();
}
@Bean
public Binding topicBind(){
return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue()).to(topicExchange()).with(bindKey);
}
}
2 定义ProducerService类,实现发送消息的功能:
这里发送:
exchange(交换机):topic_exchange
routeKey (路由key):project1.station1.device1
@Slf4j
@Component
public class ProducerService {
String exchange = "topic_exchange";
String routeKey = "project1.station1.device1";
@Resource
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
public void sendData(String data) {
CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
log.info("------------topic producer begin------------");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange, routeKey, data);
log.info("exchange:"+exchange);
log.info("routeKey:"+routeKey);
log.info("send data:"+data);
log.info("------------topic producer end------------");
}
}
3 测试验证
第1步:mqtt终端发送消息:temperature is 26, 2023.1.14 17:00。
第2步:IOT Server接收到mqtt终端发送的消息;然后转发到Rabbitmq Server;
第3步:Rabbitmq Server的topic_queue中有1条消息;
第4步:MQTT Assistant中从topic_queue中消费消息:
可见,对于物联网的数据,实现了从端到平台(解析、分发、存储)的整个流程。
代码详见:
https://gitee.com/linghufeixia/iot-simple
code5