大家可以先下载一下这篇文章的资源绑定的exe文件(免费),体验下通讯录是如何运行的。
目录
完整代码
整体思路
功能主体部分
菜单
创建联系人结构体和通讯录的结构体
各个函数功能实现部分
添加联系人
显示联系人
删除联系人
查找联系人
修改联系人
清空联系人
完整代码
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#define MAX 1000
using namespace std;
//菜单界面
void menu()
{
cout << "**************************" << endl;
cout << "***** 1.添加联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 2.显示联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 3.删除联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 4.查找联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 5.修改联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 6.清空联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 0.退出通讯录 *****" << endl;
cout << "**************************" << endl;
}
//设计联系人的结构体
struct Person
{
string m_Name;//姓名
int m_Sex;//1.男 2.女
int m_Age;//年龄
string m_Phone;//电话
string m_Addr;//地址
};
//通讯录的结构体
struct Addressbooks
{
//通讯录中保存的联系人数组
struct Person personArray[MAX];
//通讯录中当前记录联系人个数
int m_Size;
};
//1.添加联系人
void addPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
//判断通讯录是否已满,如果满了就不再添加
if (abs->m_Size==MAX)
{
cout << "通讯录以满,无法添加!" << endl;
}
else
{
//添加具体联系人
//姓名
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名: " << endl;
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name;
//性别
cout << "请输入性别: " << endl;
cout << "1--男" << endl;
cout << "2--女" << endl;
int sex = 0;
while (true)
{
//如果输入的是1或者2可以退出循环
//如果不是就重新输入
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入" << endl;
}
//年龄
cout << "请输入年龄: " << endl;
int age = 0;
cin >> age;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
//电话
cout << "请输入电话: " << endl;
string phone;
cin >> phone;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = phone;
//住址
cout << "请输入家庭住址: " << endl;
string address;
cin >> address;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = address;
//更新通讯录人数
abs->m_Size++;
cout << "添加成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
//2.显示所有联系人
void showPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
//判断通讯录中的人数是否为0,如果为0,提示记录为空
//如果不为0,显示记录的联系人信息
if (abs->m_Size == 0)
{
cout << "当前记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Name << "\t";
cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex ==1?"男":"女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "\t";
cout << "电话: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t";
cout << "住址: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//检测联系人是否存在,如果存在,返回联系人所在数组中的具体位置,不存在则返回-1;
int isExist(Addressbooks* abs, string name)
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
//找到用户输入的姓名了
if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)
{
return i;//找到了,返回这个人在数组中的下标编号
}
}
return -1;
}
//3.删除指定的联系人
void deletePerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
cout << "请输入您要删除的联系人" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
//ret==-1,未查到
//ret!=-1,查到了
int ret=isExist(abs, name);
if (ret != -1)
{
for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
}
abs->m_Size--;//更新通讯录中的人员数
cout << "删除成功" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "查无此人 " << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//4.查找指定联系人信息
void findPerson(Addressbooks*abs)
{
cout << "请输入你要查找的联系人"<<endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
//判断联系人是否存在
int ret=isExist(abs, name);
if (ret != -1)
{
cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name << "\t";
cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t";
cout << "电话: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
cout << "住址: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//5.修改指定联系人信息
void modifPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
cout << "请输入您要修改的联系人" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExist(abs, name);
if (ret != -1)
{
//姓名
string name;
cout << "请输入修改后的姓名: " << endl;
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = name;
//性别
cout << "请输入性别: " << endl;
cout << "1--男" << endl;
cout << "2--女" << endl;
int sex = 0;
while (true)
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex;
break;
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入" << endl;
}
//年龄
cout << "请输入年龄: " << endl;
int age = 0;
cin >> age;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = age;
//电话
cout << "请输入联系电话: " << endl;
string phone;
cin >> phone;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = phone;
//住址
cout << "请输入家庭住址: " << endl;
string address;
cin >> address;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr = address;
cout << "修改成功" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//6.清空联系人
void cleanPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
abs->m_Size = 0;//讲当前记录的联系人数量置为0
cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
int main()
{
//创建通讯录结构体变量
Addressbooks abs;
//初始化通讯录中当前人员个数
abs.m_Size = 0;
int select = 0;//选择
while (true)
{
//菜单调用
menu();
cout << "选择功能(0-6)" << endl;
cin >> select;
switch (select)
{
//1.添加联系人
case 1:
addPerson(&abs);//利用地址传递可以修饰实参
break;
//2.显示联系人
case 2:
showPerson(&abs);
break;
//3.删除联系人
case 3:
deletePerson(&abs);
break;
//4.查找联系人
case 4:
findPerson(&abs);
break;
//5.修改联系人
case 5:
modifPerson(&abs);
break;
//6.清空联系人
case 6:
cleanPerson(&abs);
break;
//0.退出通讯录
case 0:
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");//按下任意键退出代码
return 0;
break;
default:
cout << "输入不在选项内,请重新输入" << endl;
break;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
整体思路
- 显示菜单
- 创建通讯录的结构体(嵌套联系人的结构体数组+联系人个数)
- 根据菜单建立选择分支
- 完善各个分支的内容
功能主体部分
int main()
{
//创建通讯录结构体变量
Addressbooks abs;
//初始化通讯录中当前人员个数
abs.m_Size = 0;
int select = 0;//选择
while (true)
{
//菜单调用
menu();
cout << "选择功能(0-6)" << endl;
cin >> select;
switch (select)
{
//1.添加联系人
case 1:
addPerson(&abs);//利用地址传递可以修饰实参
break;
//2.显示联系人
case 2:
showPerson(&abs);
break;
//3.删除联系人
case 3:
deletePerson(&abs);
break;
//4.查找联系人
case 4:
findPerson(&abs);
break;
//5.修改联系人
case 5:
modifPerson(&abs);
break;
//6.清空联系人
case 6:
cleanPerson(&abs);
break;
//0.退出通讯录
case 0:
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");//按下任意键退出代码
return 0;
break;
default:
cout << "输入不在选项内,请重新输入" << endl;
break;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
菜单
void menu()
{
cout << "**************************" << endl;
cout << "***** 1.添加联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 2.显示联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 3.删除联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 4.查找联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 5.修改联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 6.清空联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 0.退出通讯录 *****" << endl;
cout << "**************************" << endl;
}
创建联系人结构体和通讯录的结构体
struct Person
{
string m_Name;//姓名
int m_Sex;//1.男 2.女
int m_Age;//年龄
string m_Phone;//电话
string m_Addr;//地址
};
//通讯录的结构体
struct Addressbooks
{
//通讯录中保存的联系人数组
struct Person personArray[MAX];
//通讯录中当前记录联系人个数
int m_Size;
};
各个函数功能实现部分
-
添加联系人
//1.添加联系人 void addPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { //判断通讯录是否已满,如果满了就不再添加 if (abs->m_Size == MAX) { cout << "通讯录以满,无法添加!" << endl; } else { //添加具体联系人 //姓名 string name; cout << "请输入姓名: " << endl; cin >> name; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name; //性别 cout << "请输入性别: " << endl; cout << "1--男" << endl; cout << "2--女" << endl; int sex = 0; while (true) { //如果输入的是1或者2可以退出循环 //如果不是就重新输入 cin >> sex; if (sex == 1 || sex == 2) { abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex; break; } cout << "输入有误,请重新输入" << endl; } //年龄 cout << "请输入年龄: " << endl; int age = 0; cin >> age; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age; //电话 cout << "请输入电话: " << endl; string phone; cin >> phone; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = phone; //住址 cout << "请输入家庭住址: " << endl; string address; cin >> address; abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = address; //更新通讯录人数 abs->m_Size++; cout << "添加成功" << endl; system("pause"); system("cls"); } }
-
显示联系人
//2.显示所有联系人 void showPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { //判断通讯录中的人数是否为0,如果为0,提示记录为空 //如果不为0,显示记录的联系人信息 if (abs->m_Size == 0) { cout << "当前记录为空" << endl; } else { for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++) { cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Name << "\t"; cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t"; cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "\t"; cout << "电话: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t"; cout << "住址: " << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl; } } system("pause"); system("cls"); } //检测联系人是否存在,如果存在,返回联系人所在数组中的具体位置,不存在则返回-1; int isExist(Addressbooks* abs, string name) { for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++) { //找到用户输入的姓名了 if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name) { return i;//找到了,返回这个人在数组中的下标编号 } } return -1; }
-
删除联系人
//3.删除指定的联系人 void deletePerson(Addressbooks* abs) { cout << "请输入您要删除的联系人" << endl; string name; cin >> name; //ret==-1,未查到 //ret!=-1,查到了 int ret = isExist(abs, name); if (ret != -1) { for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++) { abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1]; } abs->m_Size--;//更新通讯录中的人员数 cout << "删除成功" << endl; } else { cout << "查无此人 " << endl; } system("pause"); system("cls"); }
-
查找联系人
//4.查找指定联系人信息 void findPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { cout << "请输入你要查找的联系人" << endl; string name; cin >> name; //判断联系人是否存在 int ret = isExist(abs, name); if (ret != -1) { cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name << "\t"; cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t"; cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t"; cout << "电话: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t"; cout << "住址: " << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl; } else { cout << "查无此人" << endl; } system("pause"); system("cls"); }
-
修改联系人
//5.修改指定联系人信息 void modifPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { cout << "请输入您要修改的联系人" << endl; string name; cin >> name; int ret = isExist(abs, name); if (ret != -1) { //姓名 string name; cout << "请输入修改后的姓名: " << endl; cin >> name; abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = name; //性别 cout << "请输入性别: " << endl; cout << "1--男" << endl; cout << "2--女" << endl; int sex = 0; while (true) { cin >> sex; if (sex == 1 || sex == 2) { abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex; break; } cout << "输入有误,请重新输入" << endl; } //年龄 cout << "请输入年龄: " << endl; int age = 0; cin >> age; abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = age; //电话 cout << "请输入联系电话: " << endl; string phone; cin >> phone; abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = phone; //住址 cout << "请输入家庭住址: " << endl; string address; cin >> address; abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr = address; cout << "修改成功" << endl; } else { cout << "查无此人" << endl; } system("pause"); system("cls"); }
-
清空联系人
//6.清空联系人 void cleanPerson(Addressbooks* abs) { abs->m_Size = 0;//讲当前记录的联系人数量置为0 cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl; system("pause"); system("cls"); }
如果写在同一个文件中,会十分拥挤,我们可以新建一个函数定义的文件在源文件(后缀.cpp)中,函数声明的文件在头文件(后缀.h)中。