模板测试是渲染管线中逐片元操作的一环,它的作用是筛选出指定模板的片元,而不符合模板的片元会被舍弃,从而做到一个遮罩的效果。
以下是Unity中实践的一个效果:
场景中可以看出,熊模型和茶壶模型都在差不多的位置,但是正面的框中只能看到熊模型,侧面的框中只能看到茶壶模型,利用的就是模板测试的原理。
以下是shader代码
遮罩的shader代码:
Shader "Test/StencilMask"
{
Properties
{
_ID ("Mask Id", Int) = 0
}
SubShader
{
Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" "Queue"="Geometry+1" }
ColorMask 0
ZWrite Off
//模板遮罩关键代码
Stencil
{
Ref[_ID]
Comp Always
Pass Replace
}
Pass
{
CGPROGRAM
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
#include "UnityCG.cginc"
struct appdata
{
float4 vertex : POSITION;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
};
struct v2f
{
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
};
v2f vert (appdata v)
{
v2f o;
o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
return o;
}
fixed4 frag (v2f i) : SV_Target
{
return half4(1, 1, 1, 1);
}
ENDCG
}
}
}
游戏物体的shader代码:
Shader "Test/StencilObject"
{
Properties
{
_ColorTint ("Color Tint", Color) = (1,1,1,1)
_MainTex ("Base (RGB)", 2D) = "white" {}
_BumpMap ("Normalmap", 2D) = "bump" {}
_Amount ("Extrusion Amount", Range(-0.5, 0.5)) = 0.1
_ID ("Mask Id", Int) = 0
}
SubShader
{
Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" "Queue"="Geometry+2" }
LOD 300
//被遮罩的游戏物体
Stencil
{
Ref[_ID]
Comp Equal
}
CGPROGRAM
#pragma surface surf CustomLambert vertex:myvert finalColor:mycolor addshadow exclude_path:deferred exclude_path:prepass nometa
#pragma target 3.0
fixed4 _ColorTint;
sampler2D _MainTex;
sampler2D _BumpMap;
half _Amount;
struct Input
{
float2 uv_MainTex;
float2 uv_BumpMap;
};
void myvert (inout appdata_full v)
{
v.vertex.xyz += v.normal * _Amount;
}
void surf (Input IN, inout SurfaceOutput o)
{
fixed4 tex = tex2D (_MainTex, IN.uv_MainTex);
o.Albedo = tex.rgb;
o.Alpha = tex.a;
o.Normal = UnpackNormal(tex2D(_BumpMap, IN.uv_BumpMap));
}
half4 LightingCustomLambert (SurfaceOutput s, half3 lightDir, half atten)
{
half NdotL = dot(s.Normal, lightDir);
half4 c;
c.rgb = s.Albedo * _LightColor0.rgb * (NdotL * atten);
c.a = s.Alpha;
return c;
}
void mycolor(Input IN, SurfaceOutput o, inout fixed color)
{
color *= _ColorTint;
}
ENDCG
}
FallBack "Legacy Shaders/Diffuse"
}
之后只要把对应模型的材质球的Mask Id调整成一致就好。