| IP | 角色 | 系统 | 规格 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 192.168.0.38 | Prometheus 服务端 | CentOS 7 | 4c8g |
| 192.168.0.25 | node_exporter 客户端 | CentOS 7 | 4c8g |
普罗米修斯下载网址: Download | Prometheus
1.下载prometheus
[root@prometheus opt]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.47.2/prometheus-2.47.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus opt]# tar xvfz prometheus-2.47.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@prometheus opt]# cd /usr/local/
[root@prometheus local]# mv prometheus-2.47.2.linux-amd64 prometheus
[root@prometheus local]# cd prometheus
[root@prometheus prometheus]# ls
console_libraries consoles data LICENSE NOTICE prometheus prometheus.yml promtool2.查看版本信息
[root@prometheus prometheus]# ./prometheus --version
prometheus, version 2.47.2 (branch: HEAD, revision: 3f3172cde1ee37f1c7b3a5f3d9b031190509b3ad)
build user: root@79f2ad339b75
build date: 20231012-16:07:10
go version: go1.21.3
platform: linux/amd64
tags: netgo,builtinassets,stringlabels3. 查看帮助
[root@prometheus prometheus]# ./prometheus --help
prometheus, version 2.47.2 (branch: HEAD, revision: 3f3172cde1ee37f1c7b3a5f3d9b031190509b3ad)
build user: root@79f2ad339b75
build date: 20231012-16:07:10
go version: go1.21.3
platform: linux/amd64
tags: netgo,builtinassets,stringlabels
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4.prometheus.yml 配置文件解释
[root@prometheus prometheus]# cat prometheus.yml
# my global config
global:
# 默认情况下，每15s拉取一次目标采样点数据。
scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
# 每15秒评估一次规则。默认值为每1分钟。
evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
# scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).
# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
alertmanagers:
- static_configs:
- targets:
# - alertmanager:9093
# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
# - "first_rules.yml"
# - "second_rules.yml"
# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
# job名称会增加到拉取到的所有采样点上，同时还有一个instance目标服务的host：port标签也会增加到采样点上
- job_name: 'prometheus'
# 覆盖global的采样点，拉取时间间隔5s
scrape_interval: 5s
static_configs:
- targets: ['localhost:9090']5.启动prometheus
[root@prometheus prometheus]# ./prometheus --config.file=prometheus.yml-
6.可指定的启动参数
# 指定配置文件 --config.file="prometheus.yml" # 默认指定监听地址端口，可修改端口 --web.listen-address="0.0.0.0:9090" # 最大连接数 --web.max-connections=512 # tsdb数据存储的目录，默认当前data/ --storage.tsdb.path="data/" # premetheus 存储数据的时间，默认保存15天 --storage.tsdb.retention=15d # 通过命令热加载无需重启 curl -XPOST 192.168.2.45:9090/-/reload --web.enable-lifecycle # 可以启用 TLS 或 身份验证 的配置文件的路径 --web.config.file="" 启动选项了解：./prometheus --help -
7.访问：http://localhost:9090
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8.查看暴露指标
http://localhost:9090/metrics
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9.将Prometheus配置为systemd管理
# 配置Prometheus启动文件 [root@prometheus opt]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service [Unit] Description=https://prometheus.io [Service] Restart=on-failure ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --web.listen-address=:9090 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target # 重新加载system配置 [root@prometheus opt]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@prometheus opt]# systemctl start prometheus [root@prometheus opt]# ss -tlanp |grep 9090 LISTEN 0 1024 [::]:9090 [::]:* users:(("prometheus",pid=9318,fd=7)) -
10.客户端，配置服务发现监控linux主机及相关服务
# 安装node_exporter [root@node ~]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.7.0/node_exporter-1.7.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@node ~]# tar -xr node_exporter-1.7.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@node ~]# cd /usr/local/ [root@node local]# mv node_exporter-1.7.0.linux-amd64/ node_exporter [root@node local]# cd node_exporter/ [root@node node_exporter]# ls LICENSE node_exporter NOTICE [root@node node_exporter]# ./node_exporter & ………… ts=2023-11-16T09:52:04.979Z caller=tls_config.go:274 level=info msg="Listening on" address=[::]:9100 ts=2023-11-16T09:52:04.979Z caller=tls_config.go:277 level=info msg="TLS is disabled." http2=false address=[::]:9100 [root@node node_exporter]# ss -tlnp | grep 9100 LISTEN 0 1024 [::]:9100 [::]:* users:(("node_exporter",pid=8414,fd=3)) -
11.配置node_exporter为systemd管理
[root@node node_exporter]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service [Unit] Description=node_exporter After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [root@node node_exporter]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@node node_exporter]# systemctl start node_exporter [root@node node_exporter]# ss -tlnp | grep 9100 LISTEN 0 1024 [::]:9100 [::]:* users:(("node_exporter",pid=8675,fd=3)) -
12.普罗米修斯
服务端配置文件添加监控项[root@prometheus prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml …… scrape_configs: # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config. - job_name: "prometheus" # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http'. static_configs: - targets: ["localhost:9090"] # 添加以下内容 - job_name: "node_exporter" static_configs: # 如果有多个机器，用','分开 - targets: ['192.168.0.25:9100'] # 重启prometheus服务 [root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl restart prometheus
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13.监控mysql(mysqld-exporter)
# 安装mysqld-exporter [root@node ~]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/mysqld_exporter/releases/download/v0.15.0/mysqld_exporter-0.15.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@node ~]# tar xf mysqld_exporter-0.15.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@node /usr/local]# mv mysqld_exporter-0.15.0.linux-amd64 mysqld_exporter [root@node /usr/local/mysqld_exporter]# vim .my.cnf [client] user=root password=123456 # 启动mysqld-exporter [root@node /usr/local/mysqld_exporter]# ./mysqld_exporter --config.my-cnf="/usr/local/mysqld_exporter/.my.cnf" & [root@node /usr/local/mysqld_exporter]# ps -ef |grep mysqld_exporter root 3447 3398 0 01:31 pts/1 00:00:02 ./node_exporter root 4647 3398 0 02:13 pts/1 00:00:00 ./mysqld_exporter --config.my-cnf=/usr/local/mysqld_exporter/.my.cnf [root@node /usr/local/mysqld_exporter]# ss -lntp |grep 4647 LISTEN 0 128 :::9104 :::* users:(("mysqld_exporter",pid=4647,fd=3)) [root@VM_2-44 /usr/local/mysqld_exporter]# # 启动后会监听9104端口 -
14.普罗米修斯
服务端配置文件添加监控项[root@prometheus prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml - job_name: 'mysql' static_configs: - targets: ['192.168.2.44:9104'] [root@prometheus prometheus]# systemctl restart prometheus # 获取内存 node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job="node_exporter", instance="192.168.0.25:9100"} -
15.使用Grafana展示Prometheus 数据
[root@prometheus ~]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/grafana/yum/rpm/Packages/grafana-10.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm [root@prometheus ~]# yum install initscripts fontconfig -y [root@prometheus ~]# yum install -y grafana-10.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm [root@prometheus ~]# systemctl status grafana-server.service [root@prometheus ~]# ss -tlanp |grep grafana |grep LISTEN LISTEN 0 1024 [::]:3000 [::]:* users:(("grafana",pid=10629,fd=11)) # 启动后访问地址：ip:3000 # 初始用户名和密码都是admin
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16.登录成功之后添加数据源
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17.填写prometheus的地址，然后点击最下面的save & test
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18.dashboards查找地址：
https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/ -
例如：8919，12227；输入id： 然后点击Load
