场景

业务上有许多发送邮件的场景，发送的邮件基本上都是自动发送的，而且邮件内容是很重要的，对于邮件发没发送，发送的时间点对不对每次回归测试工作量太大了，所以考虑把这部分内容加入到自动化测试中

工具

• python

• gmail

  要访问gmail先要去console.cloud.google.com创建访问凭证，如图所示，进行下载后获取一个json文件credentials.json
  

实现代码

其中DateFormat 和get_path是自定义方法，分别是获取时间和获取文件

from __future__ import print_function
import base64
import os.path
import logging
import time

from utils.get_file_path import get_path
from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError
from utils.date_format import DateFormat
from datetime import datetime
# If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.readonly', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.modify']


class GmailSearch:

    def __init__(self):
        """
        get token.json.
        """
        self.creds = None
        # The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
        # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
        # time.
        file_token = get_path('token.json', 'utils')
        if os.path.exists(file_token):
            self.creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(file_token, SCOPES)
        # If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
        if not self.creds or not self.creds.valid:
            if self.creds and self.creds.expired and self.creds.refresh_token:
                self.creds.refresh(Request())
            else:
                flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
                    get_path('credentials.json', 'utils'), SCOPES)
                self.creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)
            # Save the credentials for the next run
            with open(file_token, 'w') as token:
                token.write(self.creds.to_json())

    def search_email(self, **kwargs):
        '''
        search email by keywords ( from, sender , subject, before, after, unread, interval)
        :param kwargs: 
        默认查询当前时间前后10分钟未读的邮件, 如果第一次未查询到，默认会间隔10s钟查询一次，共查询三次， 如果找到的话，会将找到的标记成已读
        查询主题参数： subject
        发送人参数： sender
        是否已读 : unread (bool类型）
        查询时间段参数： before, after
        设置查询间隔： interval
        设置查询次数： count
        :return:  the email, if no result is found, return none
        '''
        count = kwargs.get("count") if kwargs.get("count") is not None else 3
        if count == 0:
            return "no email found"
        search_str = ["in:inbox"]
        unread = False if kwargs.get("unread") else True
        if unread:
            search_str.append("is:unread")
        if kwargs.get("attachment"):
            search_str.append("has:attachment")
        if kwargs.get("sender"):  # value like atest@email.com, btest@email.com
            search_str.append(f'from:({kwargs.get("sender")})')
        if kwargs.get("to"):  # value like atest@email.com, btest@email.com
            search_str.append(f'to:({kwargs.get("to")})')
        if kwargs.get("subject"): 
            search_str.append(f'subject:({kwargs.get("subject")})')
        if kwargs.get("before"):
            search_str.append(f'before:{kwargs.get("before")}')
        else:  # default value is current + 10.minutes
            search_str.append(f'before:{DateFormat.from_current_minutes(10)}')
        if kwargs.get("after"):
            search_str.append(f'after:{kwargs.get("after")}')
        else:  # default value is current - 10.minutes
            search_str.append(f'after:{DateFormat.from_current_minutes(-10)}')
        interval = kwargs.get("interval") if kwargs.get("interval") else 10
        query = " ".join(search_str)
        unread = kwargs.get("unread")
        time.sleep(interval)
        logging.info(datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S"))
        logging.info(str(count - 1))

        try:
            # Call the Gmail API
            service = build('gmail', 'v1', credentials=self.creds)
            results = service.users().messages().list(userId='me', q=query).execute()
            messages = results.get("messages")

            if not messages:
                logging.info('No email found, continue to search')
                kwargs.update({"count": count-1})
                return self.search_email_content(**kwargs)
            # get the last email, mark read, return email body
            # body = []
            last_email = service.users().messages().get(userId='me', id=messages[0]['id']).execute()
            payload = last_email['payload']
            # internalDate = last_email['internalDate']
            # The Body of the message is in Encrypted format. So, we have to decode it.
            # Get the data and decode it with base 64 decoder.
            parts = payload.get('parts')[0]['body'] if payload.get('parts') else payload.get('body')
            data = parts['data']
            data = data.replace("-", "+").replace("_", "/")
            decoded_data = base64.b64decode(data)
            body = str(decoded_data, 'utf-8')
            # mark read
            if unread:
                logging.info(" mark read");
                service.users().messages().modify(userId='me', id=messages[0]['id'],
                                                  body={'removeLabelIds': ['UNREAD']}).execute()
            return body

        except HttpError as error:
            logging.info(f'An error occurred: {error}')


# test=GmailSearch()
# test.search_email(before='2023/10/3', after='2023/9/25', to="test@test.com", unread=True)

参考文档：Gmail api文档