一、功能样式
Python桌面应用之XX学院水卡报表查询系统功能：
连接Oracle数据库，查询XX学院水卡操作总明细报表，汇总数据报表，个人明细报表，进行预览并且支持导出报表
1.总明细报表样式
2.汇总明细样式
3.个人明细样式
4.导出报表样式
5.错误提示样式
二、核心点
1. 安装cx_Oracle：使用cx_Oracle三方库连接Oracle，该库使用的python版本略低，可以在[https://cx-oracle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/](https://cx-oracle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/进行查询，安装前先确定：python版本、Orale客户端版本（要不都是64位，要不都是32位），安装cx_Oracle的版本位数是跟python的位数相关的。
使用代码进行测试
import cx_Oracle
# 账户 密码 ip:1521/实例名
conn = cx_Oracle.connect('system','Yxq123456','127.0.0.1:1521/ecard'
# 挂载数据库连接游标
self.cursor = conn.cursor()
print('连接数据库成功！')
2. 多参数查询Sql： sql语句使用:参数名来定义参数，多参数使用cursor.execute(sql,(参数1，参数2)).fetchall()来查询
sql = "select a.outid ,a.name ,b.opfare,b.opdt,b.dscrp from base_customers a,rec_cust_acc b where a.customerid = b. customerid and b.opdt >= to_date(:preopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') and b.opdt <= to_date(:nextopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') order by b.opdt desc"
preopdt=self.pretimeInput.get()
nextopdt=self.nexttimeInput.get()
data = self.cursor.execute(sql,(preopdt,nextopdt)).fetchall()
**3. Treeview表格组件的使用：**这里使用了三个报表，其实可以将打开的Treeview做成一个表格class类，要使用的时候直接生成要使用的对象，传入该对象的大小，heading标题，data数据即可。
# 明细查询
def Consumedetail(self):
self.consumedetail = tk.Tk()
self.consumedetail.title('XX学院明细查询')
self.consumedetail.geometry("1000x600")
# 加载滚动条
scrollBar = tk.Scrollbar(self.consumedetail)
scrollBar.pack(side = tk.RIGHT,fill = tk.Y)
self.tree = ttk.Treeview(self.consumedetail, columns=('outid', 'name', 'opfare', 'opdt','dscrp'), show="headings", displaycolumns="#all",yscrollcommand = scrollBar.set)
self.tree.pack()
self.tree.heading('outid', text="学号", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('name', text="姓名", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('opfare', text="交易金额", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('opdt', text="交易日期", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('dscrp', text="交易类型", anchor=tk.W)
# 设置关联
scrollBar.config(command = self.tree.yview)
# 每次打开清空页面
for item in self.tree.get_children():
self.consumedetail.tree.delete(item)
sql = "select a.outid ,a.name ,b.opfare,b.opdt,b.dscrp from base_customers a,rec_cust_acc b where a.customerid = b. customerid and b.opdt >= to_date(:preopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') and b.opdt <= to_date(:nextopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') order by b.opdt desc"
preopdt=self.pretimeInput.get()
nextopdt=self.nexttimeInput.get()
data = self.cursor.execute(sql,(preopdt,nextopdt)).fetchall()
# print(data)
# data = [['2013090101','张三','100','2023-10-19','PC存款']]
for itm in data:
self.tree.insert("",tk.END,values=itm)
self.tree.pack(padx=10,pady=10, fill=tk.BOTH,expand=1)
exportbtn = tk.Button(self.consumedetail,text='导出',width=8,command=self.export).pack()
4. 导出数据自定义文件名：报表里面导出数据，其实使用遍历treeview组件数据，在进行整理后写入csv文件，自定义文件名是使用filedialog.asksaveasfilename来打开文件框，里面的文件类型使用参数filetypes ，输入文件名后获取名称生成文件。这里导出的文件就只是csv文件，如果需要其他文件类型，可以自行导入其他三方库。
def export(self):
# 导出export
# 打开文件夹选择对话框
# 更新标签文本
# print(folder_path)
list = []
columns = []
# 获取表格内容id
for row_id in self.tree.get_children():
list.append(self.tree.item(row_id)['values'])
print(len(self.tree.get_children()))
# 通过第一行获取列数生成标题
# print(self.tree.item)
if len(self.tree.get_children()) != 0:
print('ok')
folder_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(title='请选择一个文件',filetypes=[("CSV", ".csv")])
for i in range(0,len(self.tree.item('I001')['values'])):
columns.append(self.tree.heading(column=i)['text'])
# 导出csv
with open(f'{folder_path}.csv','w',newline='') as csvfile:
fieldnames = columns
writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
writer.writerow(fieldnames)
writer.writerows(list)
else:
messagebox.showwarning("提示", "没有数据，无法导出")
return
5.遍历Treeview表格数据与标题：获取Treeview里面的数据与标题，这里现获取id值，然后通过item获取[‘values’]值，获取标题这里先遍历了第一行有多少数据，然后使用self.tree.heading(column=i)['text']来获取标题。
# 获取表格内容id
for row_id in self.tree.get_children():
list.append(self.tree.item(row_id)['values'])
# 通过第一行获取列数生成标题
for i in range(0,len(self.tree.item('I001')['values'])):
columns.append(self.tree.heading(column=i)['text'])
三、完整代码
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox
import cx_Oracle
import time
import csv
from tkinter import filedialog
# mainapp
class mainApp(object):
def __init__(self,parent,**kwargs):
self.root = parent
current_timestamp = time.time()
# 将时间戳转换为本地时间的struct_time对象
local_time = time.localtime(current_timestamp)
# 使用strftime()方法将struct_time对象格式化为指定的时间字符串
# 挂在self时间
self.pretime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d 00:00:00", local_time)
self.nexttime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", local_time)
conn = cx_Oracle.connect('system','Yxq123456','127.0.0.1:1521/ecard')
# conn = cx_Oracle.connect('ccense','XCXY123*','127.0.0.1:1521/ecard')
# 挂载数据库连接游标
self.cursor = conn.cursor()
print('连接数据库成功！')
self.root.config(**kwargs)
self.root.title('XX学院')
self.root.resizable(False, False)
self.create_widgets()
# 获取屏幕尺寸
screen_width = self.root.winfo_screenwidth()
screen_height = self.root.winfo_screenheight()
# 确定窗口位置，并设置大小
x_coordinate = (screen_width / 2) - 300 # 300是窗口的宽度
y_coordinate = (screen_height / 2) - 200 # 200是窗口的高度
self.root.geometry('650x400+{}+{}'.format(int(x_coordinate), int(y_coordinate)))
# self.root.geometry("600x400")
# 创建UI
def create_widgets(self):
self.titleLab = tk.Label(self.root,text='XX学院水卡报表管理系统',font=("kaiti",18)).place(x=190,y=30)
self.outidLab = tk.Label(self.root,text='学号:').place(x=80,y=100)
self.outidInput = tk.Entry(self.root, width=20)
self.outidInput.place(x=130,y=100)
# 姓名
# 学号
self.nameLab = tk.Label(self.root,text='姓名:').place(x=380,y=100)
self.nameInput = tk.Entry(self.root,width=20)
self.nameInput.place(x=430,y=100)
# 起始时间
self.mustLabel1 = tk.Label(self.root,text='*',font=('Arial', 16),fg = 'red').place(x=45,y=160)
self.pretimeLab = tk.Label(self.root,text='起始时间:').place(x=55,y=160)
self.pretimeInput = tk.Entry(self.root, width=20)
self.pretimeInput.place(x=130,y=160)
self.pretimeInput.insert(0,self.pretime)
# 终始时间
self.mustLabel2 = tk.Label(self.root,text='*',font=('Arial', 16),fg = 'red').place(x=350,y=160)
self.nexttimeLab = tk.Label(self.root,text='终止时间:').place(x=360,y=160)
self.nexttimeInput = tk.Entry(self.root,width=20)
self.nexttimeInput.place(x=430,y=160)
self.nexttimeInput.insert(0,self.nexttime)
self.consumeBtn = tk.Button(self.root,text='明细查询',command=self.Consumedetail,width=10).place(x=130,y=260)
self.sumBtn = tk.Button(root,text='汇总查询',command=self.sumDetail,width=10).place(x=300,y=260)
self.personBtn = tk.Button(root,text='个人查询',command=self.personDetail,width=10).place(x=480,y=260)
# 明细查询
def Consumedetail(self):
self.consumedetail = tk.Tk()
self.consumedetail.title('XX学院明细查询')
self.consumedetail.geometry("1000x600")
# 加载滚动条
scrollBar = tk.Scrollbar(self.consumedetail)
scrollBar.pack(side = tk.RIGHT,fill = tk.Y)
self.tree = ttk.Treeview(self.consumedetail, columns=('outid', 'name', 'opfare', 'opdt','dscrp'), show="headings", displaycolumns="#all",yscrollcommand = scrollBar.set)
self.tree.pack()
self.tree.heading('outid', text="学号", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('name', text="姓名", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('opfare', text="交易金额", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('opdt', text="交易日期", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('dscrp', text="交易类型", anchor=tk.W)
# 设置关联
scrollBar.config(command = self.tree.yview)
# 每次打开清空页面
for item in self.tree.get_children():
self.consumedetail.tree.delete(item)
sql = "select a.outid ,a.name ,b.opfare,b.opdt,b.dscrp from base_customers a,rec_cust_acc b where a.customerid = b. customerid and b.opdt >= to_date(:preopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') and b.opdt <= to_date(:nextopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') order by b.opdt desc"
preopdt=self.pretimeInput.get()
nextopdt=self.nexttimeInput.get()
data = self.cursor.execute(sql,(preopdt,nextopdt)).fetchall()
# print(data)
# data = [['2013090101','张三','100','2023-10-19','PC存款']]
for itm in data:
self.tree.insert("",tk.END,values=itm)
self.tree.pack(padx=10,pady=10, fill=tk.BOTH,expand=1)
exportbtn = tk.Button(self.consumedetail,text='导出',width=8,command=self.export).pack()
# 汇总查询
def sumDetail(self):
sql = "select sum(opfare),count(acccode),dscrp from rec_cust_acc where opdt >= to_date(:preopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') and opdt <= to_date(:nextopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') group by dscrp"
self.sumtail = tk.Tk()
self.sumtail.title('XX学院汇总查询')
self.sumtail.geometry("800x600")
# 加载滚动条
# exportbtn = Button(sumtail,text='导出',width=8,command=export).pack()
scrollBar = tk.Scrollbar(self.sumtail)
scrollBar.pack(side = tk.RIGHT,fill = tk.Y)
self.tree = ttk.Treeview(self.sumtail, columns=('sum', 'count', 'dscrp'), show="headings", displaycolumns="#all",yscrollcommand = scrollBar.set)
self.tree.pack()
self.tree.heading('sum', text="总金额", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('count', text="总次数", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('dscrp', text="交易类型", anchor=tk.W)
# 设置关联
scrollBar.config(command = self.tree.yview)
# 每次打开清空页面
for item in self.tree.get_children():
self.tree.delete(item)
# sql = "select a.outid ,a.name ,b.opfare,b.opdt,b.dscrp from base_customers a,rec_cust_acc b where a.customerid = b. customerid and b.opdt >= to_date(:preopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') and b.opdt <= to_date(:nextopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') order by b.opdt desc"
preopdt=self.pretimeInput.get()
nextopdt=self.nexttimeInput.get()
data = self.cursor.execute(sql,(preopdt,nextopdt)).fetchall()
# print(data)
for itm in data:
self.tree.insert("",tk.END,values=itm)
self.tree.pack(padx=10,pady=10, fill=tk.BOTH,expand=1)
exportbtn = tk.Button(self.sumtail,text='导出',width=8,command=self.export).pack()
# 个人明细
def personDetail(self):
if(self.outidInput.get()):
print('outid not is null')
sql="select a.outid ,a.name ,b.opfare,b.oddfare,b.opdt,b.dscrp from base_customers a,rec_cust_acc b where a.customerid = b. customerid and b.opdt >= to_date(:preopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') and b.opdt <= to_date(:nextopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') and a.outid = :outid order by b.opdt desc"
outidname = self.outidInput.get()
elif(self.nameInput.get()):
sql="select a.outid ,a.name ,b.opfare,b.oddfare,b.opdt,b.dscrp from base_customers a,rec_cust_acc b where a.customerid = b. customerid and b.opdt >= to_date(:preopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') and b.opdt <= to_date(:nextopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') and a.name like :name order by b.opdt desc"
outidname = self.nameInput.get()
else:
messagebox.showwarning("提示", "请输入学号或者姓名！")
return
self.persontail = tk.Tk()
self.persontail.title('XX学院个人查询')
self.persontail.geometry("1200x600")
# 加载滚动条
# exportbtn = Button(persontail,text='导出',width=8,command=export).pack()
scrollBar = tk.Scrollbar(self.persontail)
scrollBar.pack(side = tk.RIGHT,fill = tk.Y)
self.tree = ttk.Treeview(self.persontail, columns=('outid', 'name', 'opfare','oddfare', 'opdt','dscrp'), show="headings", displaycolumns="#all",yscrollcommand = scrollBar.set)
self.tree.pack()
self.tree.heading('outid', text="学号", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('name', text="姓名", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('opfare', text="交易金额", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('oddfare', text="账户余额", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('opdt', text="交易日期", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading('dscrp', text="交易类型", anchor=tk.W)
# 设置关联
scrollBar.config(command = self.tree.yview)
# 每次打开清空页面
for item in self.tree.get_children():
self.tree.delete(item)
# sql = "select a.outid ,a.name ,b.opfare,b.opdt,b.dscrp from base_customers a,rec_cust_acc b where a.customerid = b. customerid and b.opdt >= to_date(:preopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') and b.opdt <= to_date(:nextopdt,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') order by b.opdt desc"
preopdt=self.pretimeInput.get()
nextopdt=self.nexttimeInput.get()
# print(outidname)
data = self.cursor.execute(sql,(preopdt,nextopdt,outidname)).fetchall()
# print(data)
for itm in data:
self.tree.insert("",tk.END,values=itm)
self.tree.pack(padx=10,pady=10, fill=tk.BOTH,expand=1)
def export():
# 导出export
# 打开文件夹选择对话框
folder_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(title='请选择一个文件',filetypes=[("CSV", ".csv")])
# 更新标签文本
print(folder_path)
list = []
for row_id in self.tree.get_children():
list.append(self.tree.item(row_id)['values'])
with open(f'{folder_path}.csv','w',newline='') as csvfile:
fieldnames = ['学号', '姓名', '交易金额','账户余额','交易日期','交易类型']
writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
writer.writerow(fieldnames)
writer.writerows(list)
exportbtn = tk.Button(self.persontail,text='导出',width=8,command=self.export).pack()
def export(self):
# 导出export
# 打开文件夹选择对话框
# 更新标签文本
# print(folder_path)
list = []
columns = []
# 获取表格内容id
for row_id in self.tree.get_children():
list.append(self.tree.item(row_id)['values'])
print(len(self.tree.get_children()))
# 通过第一行获取列数生成标题
# print(self.tree.item)
if len(self.tree.get_children()) != 0:
print('ok')
folder_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(title='请选择一个文件',filetypes=[("CSV", ".csv")])
for i in range(0,len(self.tree.item('I001')['values'])):
columns.append(self.tree.heading(column=i)['text'])
# 导出csv
with open(f'{folder_path}.csv','w',newline='') as csvfile:
fieldnames = columns
writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
writer.writerow(fieldnames)
writer.writerows(list)
else:
messagebox.showwarning("提示", "没有数据，无法导出")
return
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = mainApp(root)
root.mainloop()
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