C++标准模板（STL）- 类型支持（定宽整数类型）(INT8_C,INTMAX_C,UINT8_C,UINTMAX

最小宽度整数常量的函数宏

INT8_CINT16_CINT32_CINT64_C	展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型分别为 int_least8_t、int_least16_t、int_least32_t、int_least64_t 的整数常量表达式 (宏函数)
INTMAX_C	展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型为 intmax_t 的整数常量表达式 (宏函数)
UINT8_CUINT16_CUINT32_CUINT64_C	展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型分别为 uint_least8_t、uint_least16_t、uint_least32_t、uint_least64_t 的整数常量表达式 (宏函数)
UINTMAX_C	展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型为 uintmax_t 的整数常量表达式 (宏函数)

调用示例

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdint>

int main()
{
    //展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型分别为 int_least8_t、int_least16_t、
    //int_least32_t、int_least64_t 的整数常量表达式
    std::cout << "INT8_C(8):            " << INT8_C(8) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "INT16_C(16):          " << INT16_C(16) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "INT32_C(32):          " << INT32_C(32) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "INT64_C(64):          " << INT64_C(64) << std::endl;
    std::cout << std::endl;

    //展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型分别为 uint_least8_t、uint_least16_t、
    //uint_least32_t、uint_least64_t 的整数常量表达式
    std::cout << "UINT8_C(8):           " << UINT8_C(8) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "UINT16_C(16):         " << UINT16_C(16) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "UINT32_C(32):         " << UINT32_C(32) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "UINT64_C(64):         " << UINT64_C(64) << std::endl;
    std::cout << std::endl;

    //展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型为 intmax_t 的整数常量表达式
    std::cout << "INTMAX_C(32):         " << INTMAX_C(32) << std::endl;
    //展开成拥有其实参所指定的值且类型为 uintmax_t 的整数常量表达式
    std::cout << "UINTMAX_C(64):        " << UINTMAX_C(64) << std::endl;
    std::cout << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

输出

格式化宏常量

定义于头文件 <cinttypes>

std::fprintf 系列函数的格式化宏常量

unsigned int 的等价者	描述	数据类型的宏
		std::intx_t	std::int_leastx_t	std::int_fastx_t	std::intmax_t	std::intptr_t
		x = 8 、 16 、 32 或 64			std::intmax_t	std::intptr_t
`d`	有符号十进制整数值的输入	PRIdx	PRIdLEASTx	PRIdFASTx	PRIdMAX	PRIdPTR
`i`	有符号十进制整数值的输入	PRIix	PRIiLEASTx	PRIiFASTx	PRIiMAX	PRIiPTR
`u`	无符号十进制整数值的输入	PRIux	PRIuLEASTx	PRIuFASTx	PRIuMAX	PRIuPTR
`o`	无符号八进制整数值的输入	PRIox	PRIoLEASTx	PRIoFASTx	PRIoMAX	PRIoPTR
`x`	无符号小写十六进制整数值的输入	PRIxx	PRIxLEASTx	PRIxFASTx	PRIxMAX	PRIxPTR
`X`	无符号大写十六进制整数值的输入	PRIXx	PRIXLEASTx	PRIXFASTx	PRIXMAX	PRIXPTR

std::fscanf 系列函数的格式化宏常量

或 unsigned int 的等价者	描述	数据类型的宏
		std::intx_t	std::int_leastx_t	std::int_fastx_t	std::intmax_t	std::intptr_t
		x = 8 、 16 、 32 或 64			std::intmax_t	std::intptr_t
`d`	有符号十进制整数值的输入	SCNdx	SCNdLEASTx	SCNdFASTx	SCNdMAX	SCNdPTR
`i`	有符号整数值的输入	SCNix	SCNiLEASTx	SCNiFASTx	SCNiMAX	SCNiPTR
`u`	无符号十进制整数值的输入	SCNux	SCNuLEASTx	SCNuFASTx	SCNuMAX	SCNuPTR
`o`	无符号八进制整数值的输入	SCNox	SCNoLEASTx	SCNoFASTx	SCNoMAX	SCNoPTR
`x`	无符号十六进制整数值的输入	SCNxx	SCNxLEASTx	SCNxFASTx	SCNxMAX	SCNxPTR

调用示例

#include <cstdio>
#include <cinttypes>

int main()
{
    std::printf("INT8_MIN:          %+" PRId8 "\n", INT8_MIN);
    std::printf("INT16_MIN:         %+" PRId16 "\n", INT16_MIN);
    std::printf("INT32_MIN:         %+" PRId32 "\n", INT32_MIN);
    std::printf("INT64_MIN:         %+" PRId64 "\n", INT64_MIN);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("INT_LEAST8_MIN:    %+" PRIdLEAST8 "\n", INT_LEAST8_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_LEAST16_MIN:   %+" PRIdLEAST16 "\n", INT_LEAST16_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_LEAST32_MIN:   %+" PRIdLEAST32 "\n", INT_LEAST32_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_LEAST64_MIN:   %+" PRIdLEAST64 "\n", INT_LEAST64_MIN);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("INT_FAST8_MIN:     %+" PRIdFAST8 "\n", INT_FAST8_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_FAST16_MIN:    %+" PRIdFAST16 "\n", INT_FAST16_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_FAST32_MIN:    %+" PRIdFAST32 "\n", INT_FAST32_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_FAST64_MIN:    %+" PRIdFAST64 "\n", INT_FAST64_MIN);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("INT8_MIN:          %+" PRIi8 "\n", INT8_MIN);
    std::printf("INT16_MIN:         %+" PRIi16 "\n", INT16_MIN);
    std::printf("INT32_MIN:         %+" PRIi32 "\n", INT32_MIN);
    std::printf("INT64_MIN:         %+" PRIi64 "\n", INT64_MIN);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("INT_LEAST8_MIN:    %+" PRIiLEAST8 "\n", INT_LEAST8_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_LEAST16_MIN:   %+" PRIiLEAST16 "\n", INT_LEAST16_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_LEAST32_MIN:   %+" PRIiLEAST32 "\n", INT_LEAST32_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_LEAST64_MIN:   %+" PRIiLEAST64 "\n", INT_LEAST64_MIN);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("INT_FAST8_MIN:     %+" PRIiFAST8 "\n", INT_FAST8_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_FAST16_MIN:    %+" PRIiFAST16 "\n", INT_FAST16_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_FAST32_MIN:    %+" PRIiFAST32 "\n", INT_FAST32_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_FAST64_MIN:    %+" PRIiFAST64 "\n", INT_FAST64_MIN);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("INT8_MIN:          %" PRIo8 "\n", INT8_MIN);
    std::printf("INT16_MIN:         %" PRIo16 "\n", INT16_MIN);
    std::printf("INT32_MIN:         %" PRIo32 "\n", INT32_MIN);
    std::printf("INT64_MIN:         %" PRIo64 "\n", INT64_MIN);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("INT_LEAST8_MIN:    %" PRIoLEAST8 "\n", INT_LEAST8_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_LEAST16_MIN:   %" PRIoLEAST16 "\n", INT_LEAST16_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_LEAST32_MIN:   %" PRIoLEAST32 "\n", INT_LEAST32_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_LEAST64_MIN:   %" PRIoLEAST64 "\n", INT_LEAST64_MIN);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("INT_FAST8_MIN:     %" PRIoFAST8 "\n", INT_FAST8_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_FAST16_MIN:    %" PRIoFAST16 "\n", INT_FAST16_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_FAST32_MIN:    %" PRIoFAST32 "\n", INT_FAST32_MIN);
    std::printf("INT_FAST64_MIN:    %" PRIoFAST64 "\n", INT_FAST64_MIN);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("UINT8_MAX:         %" PRIu8 "\n", UINT8_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT16_MAX:        %" PRIu16 "\n", UINT16_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT32_MAX:        %" PRIu32 "\n", UINT32_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT64_MAX:        %" PRIu64 "\n", UINT64_MAX);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("UINT_LEAST8_MAX:   %" PRIuLEAST8 "\n", UINT_LEAST8_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_LEAST16_MAX:  %" PRIuLEAST16 "\n", UINT_LEAST16_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_LEAST32_MAX:  %" PRIuLEAST32 "\n", UINT_LEAST32_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_LEAST64_MAX:  %" PRIuLEAST64 "\n", UINT_LEAST64_MAX);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("UINT_FAST8_MAX:    %" PRIuFAST8 "\n", UINT_FAST8_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_FAST16_MAX:   %" PRIuFAST16 "\n", UINT_FAST16_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_FAST32_MAX:   %" PRIuFAST32 "\n", UINT_FAST32_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_FAST64_MAX:   %" PRIuFAST64 "\n", UINT_FAST64_MAX);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("UINT8_MAX:         %" PRIx8 "\n", UINT8_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT16_MAX:        %" PRIx16 "\n", UINT16_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT32_MAX:        %" PRIx32 "\n", UINT32_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT64_MAX:        %" PRIx64 "\n", UINT64_MAX);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("UINT_LEAST8_MAX:   %" PRIxLEAST8 "\n", UINT_LEAST8_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_LEAST16_MAX:  %" PRIxLEAST16 "\n", UINT_LEAST16_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_LEAST32_MAX:  %" PRIxLEAST32 "\n", UINT_LEAST32_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_LEAST64_MAX:  %" PRIxLEAST64 "\n", UINT_LEAST64_MAX);
    std::printf("\n");

    std::printf("UINT_FAST8_MAX:    %" PRIxFAST8 "\n", UINT_FAST8_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_FAST16_MAX:   %" PRIxFAST16 "\n", UINT_FAST16_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_FAST32_MAX:   %" PRIxFAST32 "\n", UINT_FAST32_MAX);
    std::printf("UINT_FAST64_MAX:   %" PRIxFAST64 "\n", UINT_FAST64_MAX);
    std::printf("\n");
    return 0;
}

输出

INT8_MIN:          -128
INT16_MIN:         -32768
INT32_MIN:         -2147483648
INT64_MIN:         -9223372036854775808

INT_LEAST8_MIN:    -128
INT_LEAST16_MIN:   -32768
INT_LEAST32_MIN:   -2147483648
INT_LEAST64_MIN:   -9223372036854775808

INT_FAST8_MIN:     -128
INT_FAST16_MIN:    -32768
INT_FAST32_MIN:    -2147483648
INT_FAST64_MIN:    -9223372036854775808

INT8_MIN:          -128
INT16_MIN:         -32768
INT32_MIN:         -2147483648
INT64_MIN:         -9223372036854775808

INT_LEAST8_MIN:    -128
INT_LEAST16_MIN:   -32768
INT_LEAST32_MIN:   -2147483648
INT_LEAST64_MIN:   -9223372036854775808

INT_FAST8_MIN:     -128
INT_FAST16_MIN:    -32768
INT_FAST32_MIN:    -2147483648
INT_FAST64_MIN:    -9223372036854775808

INT8_MIN:          37777777600
INT16_MIN:         37777700000
INT32_MIN:         20000000000
INT64_MIN:         1000000000000000000000

INT_LEAST8_MIN:    37777777600
INT_LEAST16_MIN:   37777700000
INT_LEAST32_MIN:   20000000000
INT_LEAST64_MIN:   1000000000000000000000

INT_FAST8_MIN:     37777777600
INT_FAST16_MIN:    37777700000
INT_FAST32_MIN:    20000000000
INT_FAST64_MIN:    1000000000000000000000

UINT8_MAX:         255
UINT16_MAX:        65535
UINT32_MAX:        4294967295
UINT64_MAX:        18446744073709551615

UINT_LEAST8_MAX:   255
UINT_LEAST16_MAX:  65535
UINT_LEAST32_MAX:  4294967295
UINT_LEAST64_MAX:  18446744073709551615

UINT_FAST8_MAX:    255
UINT_FAST16_MAX:   65535
UINT_FAST32_MAX:   4294967295
UINT_FAST64_MAX:   18446744073709551615

UINT8_MAX:         ff
UINT16_MAX:        ffff
UINT32_MAX:        ffffffff
UINT64_MAX:        ffffffffffffffff

UINT_LEAST8_MAX:   ff
UINT_LEAST16_MAX:  ffff
UINT_LEAST32_MAX:  ffffffff
UINT_LEAST64_MAX:  ffffffffffffffff

UINT_FAST8_MAX:    ff
UINT_FAST16_MAX:   ffff
UINT_FAST32_MAX:   ffffffff
UINT_FAST64_MAX:   ffffffffffffffff

注意

因为 C++ 转译立即后随字符串字面量的字符为用户定义字面量，诸如 printf("%"PRId64"\n",n); 的 C 代码在 C++ 中非法，并在 PRId64 前要求空格。

C99 标准建议 C++ 实现不应定义上述极限、常量或格式化宏，除非在包含相对的 C 头文件（ stdint.h 或 inttypes.h ）前（分别）定义宏 __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS 、 __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS 或 __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS 。此建议未被采纳，并在 C11 中被移除。然而，某些实现（例如 glibc 2.17 ）尝试应用此规则，而可能需要定义 __STDC 宏； C++ 编译器可以通过在某些环境自动定义它们来做变通。