全套配置细节：缺省路由实验配置

news2024/11/18 5:28:48

1、实验目的

掌握默认路由的适用场合和配置方法

2、实验拓扑

默认路由的配置

3、实验步骤

（1）配置网络连通性如下。

1）R1 的配置如下：

<Huawei>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[Huawei]undo info-center enable

[Huawei]sysname R1

[R1]interface g0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

2）R2 的配置如下：

<Huawei>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[Huawei]undo info-center enable

[Huawei]sysname R2

[R2]interface g0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.1.1.2 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[R2]interface g0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 23.1.1.2 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R2]interface g0/0/2

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 24.1.1.2 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

3）R3 的配置如下：

<Huawei>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[Huawei]undo info-center enable

[Huawei]sysname R3

[R3]interface g0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.3 24

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

4）R4 的配置如下：

<Huawei>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[Huawei]undo info-center enable

[Huawei]sysname R4

[R4]interface g0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 24.1.1.4 24

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

（2）配置静态路由。

1）R1 的配置如下：

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.1.1.2 //配置默认路由到任何网段的下一跳为12.1.1.2

2）R3 的配置如下：

[R3]ip route-static 12.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 23.1.1.2

3）R4 的配置如下：

[R4]ip route-static 12.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 24.1.1.2

4. 实验调试

（1）查看 R1 的路由表，命令如下：

[R1]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fifib

----------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 5 Routes : 5

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

12.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

12.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

通过查看 R1 的路由表，可以看到一条默认路由，虽然简化了配置，但仍然需要测试一下网络连通性。

（2）R1 访问 R3，命令如下：

[R1]ping 23.1.1.3

PING 23.1.1.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=100 ms

Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=60 ms

Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=50 ms

Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=70 ms

Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=80 ms

--- 23.1.1.3 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

5 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 50/72/100 ms

（3）R1 访问 R4，命令如下：

[R1]ping 24.1.1.4

PING 24.1.1.4: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 24.1.1.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=60 ms

Reply from 24.1.1.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=90 ms

Reply from 24.1.1.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms

Reply from 24.1.1.4: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=80 ms

Reply from 24.1.1.4: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=80 ms

--- 24.1.1.4 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

5 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 60/74/90 ms