ruby安装设置笔记

系统自带的ruby版本低了，需要手动安装更高版本（使用rbenv方式）
环境：Ubuntu 20.04 桌面环境

1 克隆并设置环境变量

• 我的~/.bashrc添加以下内容

# - rbenv
# git clone https://github.com/rbenv/rbenv.git ~/.rbenv
export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(rbenv init -)"

# - ruby-build
# 用来编译安装ruby的程序
# git clone https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build.git ~/.rbenv/plugins/ruby-build
export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/plugins/ruby-build/bin:$PATH"

# - ruby gems 路径
# 可以通过运行`gem environment`查看安装路径
# 默认：系统级安装目录为：/var/lib/gems
#      用户级安装目录为：$HOME/.gem
# 指定安装 Ruby Gems 到目录：~/.gem_4_me
export GEM_HOME="$HOME/.gem_4_me"
export PATH="$HOME/.gem_4_me/bin:$PATH"

• 使其原地生效：exec $SHELL

2 安装ruby

rbenv install -l     #-- 列出可安装ruby版本
rbenv install 3.2.2  

3 设置ruby

rbenv global 3.2.2    #-- 设置默认ruby版本
rbenv rehash          #-- 重新生成ruby可执行shims

4 设置源

国内的快

gem sources -l                                #-- 列出添加的源
gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/    #-- 移除官方源
gem sources -a https://gems.ruby-china.com/           #-- 添加ruby-china源
gem sources -a https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/   #-- 添加国内阿里云源

5 安装bundler

Bundler 可管理 Ruby gem 依赖项，写在Gemfile文件中的依赖gem，可以运行bundle install自动安装

gem install bundler

6 检查安装后的软件版本

rbenv -v 
ruby -v 
gem -v 
bundler -v

7 ubuntu 20.04 默认ruby环境

kevin@TM1701-b38cbc23:~$ gem environment
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 3.1.2
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.7.0 (2019-12-25 patchlevel 0) [x86_64-linux-gnu]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /var/lib/gems/2.7.0
  - USER INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /home/kevin/.gem/ruby/2.7.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /usr/bin/ruby2.7
  - GIT EXECUTABLE: /usr/bin/git
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/local/bin
  - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: /home/kevin/.gem/specs
  - SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY: /etc
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86_64-linux
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /var/lib/gems/2.7.0
     - /home/kevin/.gem/ruby/2.7.0
     - /usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0
     - /usr/share/rubygems-integration/2.7.0
     - /usr/share/rubygems-integration/all
     - /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/rubygems-integration/2.7.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/
  - SHELL PATH:
     - /home/kevin/.local/bin
     - /usr/local/pgsql/bin
     - /opt/node/bin
     - /opt/maven/bin
     - /opt/java/bin
     - /usr/local/sbin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/sbin
     - /usr/bin
     - /sbin
     - /bin
     - /usr/games
     - /usr/local/games
     - /snap/bin

gem安装路径：

  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY
  - USER INSTALLATION DIRECTORY
  - GEM PATHS