k8s之StorageClass(NFS)

news2024/11/23 10:36:51

一、前言

1、环境 k8s v1.23.5 ，服务器是centos7.9

192.168.164.20 k8s-master1
192.168.164.30 k8s-node1
192.168.164.40 k8s-node2

2、貌似storageClass在kubernetes v1.20就被砍了。

因为它比较慢，而且耗资源，但可以通过不同的实现镜像绕过，本帖就绕过了

3、本帖的这个sc底层是NFS实现的，所以需要NFS支持

二、创建NFS服务

1、给所有节点安装nfs-utils

yum install -y nfs-utils

2、在Master节点上搭建NFS服务

2-1、创建NFS共享目录

mkdir -p /data/k8s-nfs/nfs-provisioner

注：以后k8s申请的pv就自动被创建在这个目录下了

2-2、挂载目录到nfs

echo "/data/k8s-nfs/nfs-provisioner 192.168.164.0/24(rw,no_root_squash)" >> /etc/exports

注：192.168.164.0/24指的是你的谁可以访问这个nfs服务，通常是和k8s同网段的内网主机IP段。

2-3、启动NFS服务

systemctl start nfs-server.service
systemctl enable nfs-server.service

3、在任意Node节点上测试NFS服务是否生效

[root@k8s-node1 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.164.20
Export list for 192.168.164.20:
/data/k8s-nfs/nfs-provisioner 192.168.164.0/24

注：192.168.164.20是你的NFS服务器，也是你的k8s-master节点ip

三、创建storageClass所需的配置文件和示例eg文件

1、创建sc所用的rbac

vim init-sc-serviceaccount.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: default
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
  - apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["storageclasses"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["events"]
    verbs: ["create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: run-nfs-client-provisioner
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nfs-client-provisioner
    # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
    namespace: default
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: default
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["endpoints"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: RoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: default
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nfs-client-provisioner
    # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
    namespace: default
roleRef:
  kind: Role
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

2、部署 NFS-Subdir-External-Provisioner

vim init-sc-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner
  labels:
    app: nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: default
spec:
  replicas: 1
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nfs-client-provisioner
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nfs-client-provisioner
    spec:
      nodeName: k8s-master1        # 这里是你的k8s-master节点的主机名，设置在master节点运行
      tolerations:                 # 设置容忍master节点污点
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        operator: Equal
        value: "true"
      serviceAccountName: nfs-client-provisioner
      containers:
        - name: nfs-client-provisioner
          image: registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/mydlq/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.0
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          volumeMounts:
            - name: nfs-client-root
              mountPath: /persistentvolumes
          env:
            - name: PROVISIONER_NAME
              value: k8s/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
            - name: NFS_SERVER
              value: 192.168.164.20       # 这里是你的k8s-master节点的ip，也是nfs服务器地址
            - name: NFS_PATH
              value: /data/k8s-nfs/nfs-provisioner   # 这是NFS服务器端共享出来的路径
      volumes:
        - name: nfs-client-root
          nfs:
            server: 192.168.164.20        # 这里是你的k8s-master节点的ip，也是nfs服务器地址
            path: /data/k8s-nfs/nfs-provisioner      # 这是NFS服务器端共享出来的路径

镜像可替换为：

37213690/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.0
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kahnxiao/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.0

3、创建NFS StorageClass

vim init-sc-storage.yaml

apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: managed-nfs-storage
  annotations:
    storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "false"  # 是否设置为默认的storageclass
provisioner: k8s/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner # or choose another name, must match deployment's env PROVISIONER_NAME'
allowVolumeExpansion: true
parameters:
  archiveOnDelete: "false" # 设置为"false"时删除PVC不会保留数据,"true"则保留数据

4、创建PVC

vim init-sc-pvc.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: nfs-claim
spec:
  storageClassName: managed-nfs-storage
  accessModes: ["ReadWriteMany","ReadOnlyMany"]
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 100Mi

5、创建Pod并绑定PV

vim eg-sc-busybox.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test-pod
spec:
  containers:
  - name: test-pod
    image: busybox:1.28
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    command:
      - "/bin/sh"
    args:
      - "-c"
      - "sleep 3600"
    volumeMounts:
      - name: nfs-pvc
        mountPath: "/mnt/busybox"
  restartPolicy: "Never"
  volumes:
    - name: nfs-pvc
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: nfs-claim

四、使用配置文件生成StorageClass和示例eg资源

1、生成ServiceAccount

[root@k8s-master1 init-StorageClass]# kubectl apply -f init-sc-serviceaccount.yaml
serviceaccount/nfs-client-provisioner created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/nfs-client-provisioner-runner created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/run-nfs-client-provisioner created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner created

2、生成NFS-Subdir-External-Provisioner

[root@k8s-master1 init-StorageClass]# kubectl apply -f init-sc-deployment.yaml
deployment.apps/nfs-client-provisioner created

3、生成NFS StorageClass

[root@k8s-master1 init-StorageClass]# kubectl apply -f init-sc-storage.yaml

4、生成PVC

[root@k8s-master1 init-StorageClass]# kubectl apply -f init-sc-pvc.yaml

5、生成示例pod

[root@k8s-master1 init-StorageClass]# kubectl apply -f eg-sc-busybox.yaml
pod/test-pod created

五、测试动态NFS存储的效果

[root@k8s-master1 init-StorageClass]# kubectl exec -it test-pod -- ls /mnt/busybox/
[root@k8s-master1 init-StorageClass]# kubectl exec -it test-pod -- touch /mnt/busybox/test.txt
[root@k8s-master1 init-StorageClass]# ls /data/k8s-nfs/nfs-provisioner/
default-nfs-claim-pvc-3d0d0a1f-3ba1-4935-a420-d5b8aba38ab0
[root@k8s-master1 init-StorageClass]# echo "haha" > /data/k8s-nfs/nfs-provisioner/default-nfs-claim-pvc-3d0d0a1f-3ba1-4935-a420-d5b8aba38ab0/test.txt 
#再去看容器的挂载目录，发现刚写的内容已经跑到了容器里了
[root@k8s-master1 init-StorageClass]# kubectl exec -it test-pod -- cat /mnt/busybox/test.txt
haha