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基于MMdetection3.10 

困扰了大半天的问题，终于解决了。

方法1：定位到configs\_base_\datasets\coco_detection.py

将里面的路径全部换为自己的路径，最重要的是将以下注释取消掉，特别注意以下两个参数

改好的文件示例

# dataset settings
dataset_type = 'CocoDataset'
# data_root = 'data/coco/'
data_root = "E:/******************/COCO2017/"  # 自己的根路径

# Example to use different file client
# Method 1: simply set the data root and let the file I/O module
# automatically infer from prefix (not support LMDB and Memcache yet)

# data_root = 's3://openmmlab/datasets/detection/coco/'

# Method 2: Use `backend_args`, `file_client_args` in versions before 3.0.0rc6
# backend_args = dict(
#     backend='petrel',
#     path_mapping=dict({
#         './data/': 's3://openmmlab/datasets/detection/',
#         'data/': 's3://openmmlab/datasets/detection/'
#     }))
backend_args = None

train_pipeline = [
    dict(type='LoadImageFromFile', backend_args=backend_args),
    dict(type='LoadAnnotations', with_bbox=True),
    dict(type='Resize', scale=(1333, 800), keep_ratio=True),
    dict(type='RandomFlip', prob=0.5),
    dict(type='PackDetInputs')
]
test_pipeline = [
    dict(type='LoadImageFromFile', backend_args=backend_args),
    dict(type='Resize', scale=(1333, 800), keep_ratio=True),
    # If you don't have a gt annotation, delete the pipeline
    dict(type='LoadAnnotations', with_bbox=True),
    dict(
        type='PackDetInputs',
        meta_keys=('img_id', 'img_path', 'ori_shape', 'img_shape',
                   'scale_factor'))
]
train_dataloader = dict(
    batch_size=2,
    num_workers=2,
    persistent_workers=True,
    sampler=dict(type='DefaultSampler', shuffle=True),
    batch_sampler=dict(type='AspectRatioBatchSampler'),
    dataset=dict(
        type=dataset_type,
        data_root=data_root,
        # ann_file='annotations/instances_train2017.json',
        # data_prefix=dict(img='train/'),
        ann_file="train/annotations/train.json",
        data_prefix=dict(img='train/images/'),
        filter_cfg=dict(filter_empty_gt=True, min_size=32),
        pipeline=train_pipeline,
        backend_args=backend_args))
val_dataloader = dict(
    batch_size=1,
    num_workers=2,
    persistent_workers=True,
    drop_last=False,
    sampler=dict(type='DefaultSampler', shuffle=False),
    dataset=dict(
        type=dataset_type,
        data_root=data_root,
        # ann_file='annotations/instances_val2017.json',
        # data_prefix=dict(img='val2017/'),
        ann_file = data_root+"test/annotations/test.json", 
        data_prefix=dict(img='test/images/'),
        test_mode=True,
        pipeline=test_pipeline,
        backend_args=backend_args))
test_dataloader = val_dataloader

val_evaluator = dict(
    type='CocoMetric',
    # ann_file=data_root + 'annotations/instances_val2017.json',
    ann_file = data_root+"test/annotations/test.json", 
    metric='bbox',
    format_only=False,
    backend_args=backend_args)
test_evaluator = val_evaluator

# inference on test dataset and
# format the output results for submission.
# test_dataloader = dict(
#     batch_size=1,
#     num_workers=2,
#     persistent_workers=True,
#     drop_last=False,
#     sampler=dict(type='DefaultSampler', shuffle=False),
#     dataset=dict(
#         type=dataset_type,
#         data_root=data_root,
#         ann_file=data_root + 'annotations/image_info_test-dev2017.json',
#         data_prefix=dict(img='test2017/'),
#         test_mode=True,
#         pipeline=test_pipeline))
test_evaluator = dict(
    type='CocoMetric',
    metric='bbox',
    format_only=True,
    ann_file=data_root+"test/annotations/test.json",
    outfile_prefix='./work_dirs/coco_detection/test')

方法2，直接在配置文件中重写test_evaluator 中的    format_only=True,
    outfile_prefix='./work_dirs/coco_detection/test'两个参数

 最终：