(本文参考黑马程序员项目)
个人仓库地址:https://gitee.com/jkangle/springboot-exercise.git
1.当前项目中存在的问题
不同微服务之间的调用通过硬编码的形式,这样可能在需要打量修改的时候出现问题,因此引入了服务治理的概念。服务治理可以实现微服务的自动化注册与发现
nacos是一个常见的服务注册中心
2.nacos的搭建
- 下载安装包zip
- 解压进入到bin
- 执行startup.cmd -m standalone
- 启动成功
- 打开浏览器输入http://localhost:8848/nacos,即可访问服务, 默认密码是nacos/nacos
为了方便启动可以将启动写成一个bat文件,下次启动的时候只需要双击启动文件即可
D:
cd D:\environments\nacos\nacos\bin
startup.cmd -m standalone
3.将各个模块放入到nacos中
3.1在父模块中添加需要的版本信息(一定要注意版本号)
版本号文档
https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/wiki/%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<modules>
<module>shop-common</module>
<module>shop-users</module>
<module>shop-product</module>
<module>shop-order</module>
</modules>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring-boot.version>2.6.13</spring-boot.version>
<spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring-cloud.version>
<spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
<fastjson.version>1.2.57</fastjson.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>${fastjson.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
3.2将商品模块放到nacos中
添加依赖,修改配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>shop-product</artifactId>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
配置文件
server:
port: 8081
spring:
application:
name: service-product
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?characterEncoding=UTF-8
username: root
password:
jpa:
properties:
hibernate:
hbm2ddl:
auto: update
dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
3.3将订单模块放到nacos中
订单模块同理
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>shop-order</artifactId>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
server:
port: 8091
spring:
application:
name: service-order
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: localhost:8848
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?characterEncoding=UTF-8
username: root
password:
jpa:
properties:
hibernate:
hbm2ddl:
auto: update
dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
4.现在利用nacos进行调用
修改controller代码即可
package org.example.controller;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.example.service.OrderService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import pojo.Order;
import pojo.Product;
/**
* 使用restTemplate对象调用shop-product的请求方法
*/
@RestController
public class OrderController {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OrderController.class);
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
private OrderService orderService;
@Autowired
private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
@GetMapping("/order/prod/{pid}")
public Order order(@PathVariable("pid") Integer pid){
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = discoveryClient.getInstances("service-product").get(0);
String url = serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" +serviceInstance.getPort();
Product product = restTemplate.getForObject("http://" +url + "/product/"+ pid, Product.class);
log.info(">>商品信息,查询结果:" + JSON.toJSONString(product));
Order order = new Order();
order.setOid(2);
order.setUid(2);
order.setPid(product.getPid());
order.setPname(product.getPname());
order.setPprice(product.getPprice());
order.setNumber(2);
// orderService.save(order);
return order;
}
}