SpringMVC：整合SSM框架

一、大致框架

1.建立数据库，并导入数据

create database cjgl;

create table books(
bookID int(10) not null auto_increment comment '书id',
bookName varchar(100) not null comment '书名',
bookCounts int(11) not null comment '数量',
detail varchar(200) not null comment '描述',
key bookID(bookID)
)engine=innodb default charset=utf8

insert into books(bookID,bookName,bookCounts,detail)values
(1,'java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

2.新建maven项目SSMZH

鼠标右键点击SSMZH，添加框架框架支持

选中web应用程序点击确定

3.在pom.xml中导入相关的pom依赖！

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据库驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat</artifactId>
            <version>8.5.38</version>
            <type>pom</type>
        </dependency>

        <!--Mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.5</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <!--Maven资源过滤设置-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

4.添加web模块，添加web 支持

鼠标右键点击文件选择项目结构，选择工件，在可用元素中点击第一个按住shift在点击最后一个全选，点击鼠标右键，置于/WEB-INF/lib然后点击确定

5.建立基本结构和配置框架

yj.com.pojo
yj.com.mapper(dao)
yj.com.service
yj.com.controller

6.在pojo包下建立Books类（和数据库中的表相对应）

Books中一个四个属性，与表中属性必须的相对应

全部代码如下：

package yj.com.pojo;
public class Books {
    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;
    //添加无参构造、有参构造、getter/setter方法和tostring方法
    public Books() {
    }
    public Books(int bookID, String bookName, int bookCounts, String detail) {
        this.bookID = bookID;
        this.bookName = bookName;
        this.bookCounts = bookCounts;
        this.detail = detail;
    }
    public int getBookID() {
        return bookID;
    }
    public void setBookID(int bookID) {
        this.bookID = bookID;
    }
    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }
    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }
    public int getBookCounts() {
        return bookCounts;
    }
    public void setBookCounts(int bookCounts) {
        this.bookCounts = bookCounts;
    }
    public String getDetail() {
        return detail;
    }
    public void setDetail(String detail) {
        this.detail = detail;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Books{" +
                "bookID=" + bookID +
                ", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' +
                ", bookCounts=" + bookCounts +
                ", detail='" + detail + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

7.在mapper包下建立接口BookMapper

创建相关操作

package yj.com.mapper;
import yj.com.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper{
    //增加一个Book
    int addBook(Books books);
    //根据id删除一个Book
    int deleteBookById(int id);
    //更新Book
    int updateBook(Books books);
    //根据id查询,返回一个Book
    Books queryBookById(int id);
    //查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

8.在mapper包下建立文件BookMapper.xml并配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="yj.com.mapper.BookMapper">
    <!--增加一个Book-->
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert into cjgl.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)
        values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
    </insert>
    <!--根据id删除一个Book-->
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from cjgl.books where bookID=#{bookID}
    </delete>
    <!--更新Book-->
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
        update cjgl.books
        set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail}
    </update>
    <!--根据id查询,返回一个Book-->
    <select id="queryBookById" parameterType="int" resultType="Books">
        select * from cjgl.books where bookID=#{bookID}
    </select>
    <!--查询全部Book-->
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select * from cjgl.books
    </select>
</mapper>

9.在service包下创建接口BookService作业务层

做的业务和dao层的一样

package yj.com.service;
import yj.com.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
    //增加一个Book
    int addBook(Books books);
    //根据id删除一个Book
    int deleteBookById(int id);
    //更新Book
    int updateBook(Books books);
    //根据id查询,返回一个Book
    Books queryBookById(int id);
    //查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

10.在service下创建类BookServiceImpl

package yj.com.service;
import yj.com.mapper.BookMapper;
import yj.com.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
//实现BookService 重写抽象方法
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
    //服务层连接dao层
    //创建一个dao层对象
    private BookMapper bookMapper;
    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }
    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(books);
    }
    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }
    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }
    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }
    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }
}

11.在controller包下创建BookController类

package yj.com.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import yj.com.service.BookService;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    //控制器调用Service层
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;
}

服务层（BookService）调用dao层（BookMapper），dao层调用pojo,控制器调用服务层

二、开始建立配置文件

1. 在resource下建立数据库配置文件database.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cjgl?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=

2. 在resource下编写MyBatis核心配置文件mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="yj.com.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="yj/com/mapper/BookMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

3.整合dao层，resource下编写配置spring-dao.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 配置整合mybatis -->
    <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
    <!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
    <!--数据库连接池
        dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接
        c3p0 自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="yj.com.mapper"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

4.Spring整合service层， resource下编写配置spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="yj.com.service" />
    <!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="yj.com.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>
</beans>

此处正常有两处应该是红的，如果不是则前面有错误（文件没配置完所以报红）

5.整合前段， resource下编写配置spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- Spring整合springMVC -->
    <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="yj.com.controller" />
</beans>

6.全局配置文件，resource下编写配置applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>

三、配置前段

1.配置前段控制器（中央控制器）web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

2.在文件WEB-INF下建立目录jsp，如下

3.配置index.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: yangj
  Date: 2022/12/5
  Time: 15:12
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<html>
<head>
  <title>首页</title>
  <style type="text/css">
    a {
      text-decoration: none;
      color: black;
      font-size: 18px;
    }
    h3 {
      width: 180px;
      height: 38px;
      margin: 100px auto;
      text-align: center;
      line-height: 38px;
      background: deepskyblue;
      border-radius: 4px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
  <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入图书管理列表</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>

4.配置BookController

package yj.com.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import yj.com.pojo.Books;
import yj.com.service.BookService;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    //控制器调用Service层
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;
    @RequestMapping("allBook")
    public String list(Model model) {
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list", list);
        return "allBook";
    }
}

5.在jsp目录下创建并配置文件allBook.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: yangj
  Date: 2022/12/6
  Time: 9:59
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍列表</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="row clearfix">
    <div class="col-md-12 column">
        <div class="page-header">
            <h1>
                <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
            </h1>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4 column">
        <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
    </div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
    <div class="col-md-12 column">
        <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
            <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>书籍编号</th><th>书籍名字</th><th>书籍数量</th><th>书籍详情</th><th>操作</th>
            </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
            <c:forEach  var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
                <tr>
                    <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
                    <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                    <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
                    <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
                    <td>
                        <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
                        <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </c:forEach>
            </tbody>
        </table>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

6.配置服务器

添加配置，点击加号，找到Tomcat Server 本地服务，名称随便什么，应用程序服务器如下tomcat233,部署配置如下点击加号，添加工件，应用程序上下文改为：“/”,然后确定

7.运行程序

8.实现添加功能。

在BookController下继续配置

@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
    public String toAddpaper(){
        return "addBook";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/addBook")
    public String addPaper(Books books){
        System.out.println(books);
        bookService.addBook(books);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

在jsp下创建配置addBook.jsp文件

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: yangj
  Date: 2022/12/6
  Time: 10:13
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<html>
<head>
    <title>新增书籍</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook"  method="post">
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

9.实现更新和删除功能

在BookController下继续配置

   @RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
    public String toUpdateBook(Model model,int id){
        Books books=bookService.queryBookById(id);
        System.out.println(books);
        model.addAttribute("book",books);
        return "updateBook";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
    public String UpdateBook(Model model,Books book){
        System.out.println(book);
        bookService.updateBook(book);
        Books books=bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
        model.addAttribute("book",books);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/del/{bookID}")
    public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookID") int id){
        bookService.deleteBookById(id);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

在jsp下创建配置updateBook.jsp文件

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: yangj
  Date: 2022/12/6
  Time: 10:24
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>修改信息</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改信息</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

注意：如果遇见这个问题，无法从底层数据库获取连接! 一般是一下几个问题：