1 使用背景

理正的.spw文件是文本格式，类似于该软件的前处理，相关参数字段可通过文本替换，快速修改参数。

后续用途可用在：用EXCEL整理数据，通过修改文本批量获取多个截面参数的spw文件

2 ExcelSheet-shift-textstring

2.1 Code

import os
import re
import chardet
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog
from tkinter import messagebox
from openpyxl import load_workbook

def select_excel_file():
    excel_path = filedialog.askopenfilename(filetypes=[("Excel files", "*.xlsx")])
    entry_excel.delete(0, tk.END)
    entry_excel.insert(0, excel_path)

def select_text_file():
    text_path = filedialog.askopenfilename(filetypes=[("Text files", "*.txt")])
    entry_text.delete(0, tk.END)
    entry_text.insert(0, text_path)

def replace_string():
    excel_path = entry_excel.get()
    text_path = entry_text.get()
    cell = entry_cell.get()
    target_string = entry_target.get()

    if not (os.path.exists(excel_path) and os.path.exists(text_path) and cell.strip() and target_string.strip()):
        messagebox.showerror("Error", "Please select both files and enter the cell and target string.")
        return

    wb = load_workbook(excel_path)
    ws = wb.active
    replacement_string = ws[cell].value
    with open(text_path, "rb") as file:
        raw_data = file.read()
        detected_encoding = chardet.detect(raw_data)
        encoding = detected_encoding["encoding"]

    with open(text_path, "r", encoding=encoding) as file:
        content = file.read()

    content = re.sub(target_string, str(replacement_string), content)

    with open(text_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as file:
        file.write(content)

    messagebox.showinfo("Success", "String replaced successfully.")

root = tk.Tk()
root.title("String Replacer")

frame = tk.Frame(root)
frame.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

label_excel = tk.Label(frame, text="Excel file:")
label_excel.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="e")
entry_excel = tk.Entry(frame, width=40)
entry_excel.grid(row=0, column=1)
button_excel = tk.Button(frame, text="Browse", command=select_excel_file)
button_excel.grid(row=0, column=2)

label_text = tk.Label(frame, text="Text file:")
label_text.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="e")
entry_text = tk.Entry(frame, width=40)
entry_text.grid(row=1, column=1)
button_text = tk.Button(frame, text="Browse", command=select_text_file)
button_text.grid(row=1, column=2)

label_cell = tk.Label(frame, text="Cell:")
label_cell.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky="e")
entry_cell = tk.Entry(frame, width=10)
entry_cell.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky="w")

label_target = tk.Label(frame, text="Target string:")
label_target.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky="e")
entry_target = tk.Entry(frame, width=40)
entry_target.grid(row=3, column=1)

button_replace = tk.Button(frame, text="Replace String", command=replace_string)
button_replace.grid(row=4, column=1, pady=10)

root.mainloop()

2.2 界面

2.3 方法解析

1. 导入所需的库和模块：

import os
import re
import chardet
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog
from tkinter import messagebox
from openpyxl import load_workbook

2. 定义函数 select_excel_file()，用于打开文件对话框，选择 Excel 文件，并将其路径显示在 Entry 控件中：

def select_excel_file():
    excel_path = filedialog.askopenfilename(filetypes=[("Excel files", "*.xlsx")])
    entry_excel.delete(0, tk.END)
    entry_excel.insert(0, excel_path)

3. 定义函数 select_text_file()，用于打开文件对话框，选择文本文件，并将其路径显示在 Entry 控件中：

def select_text_file():
    text_path = filedialog.askopenfilename(filetypes=[("Text files", "*.txt")])
    entry_text.delete(0, tk.END)
    entry_text.insert(0, text_path)

4. 定义函数 replace_string()，用于从 Excel 文件中的指定单元格读取数据，并在文本文件中替换目标字符串：

def replace_string():
    # 获取用户输入的文件路径、单元格和目标字符串
    excel_path = entry_excel.get()
    text_path = entry_text.get()
    cell = entry_cell.get()
    target_string = entry_target.get()

    # 检查输入是否有效
    if not (os.path.exists(excel_path) and os.path.exists(text_path) and cell.strip() and target_string.strip()):
        messagebox.showerror("Error", "Please select both files and enter the cell and target string.")
        return

    # 读取 Excel 文件中的替换字符串
    wb = load_workbook(excel_path)
    ws = wb.active
    replacement_string = ws[cell].value

    # 使用 chardet 检测文本文件的编码，并读取文件内容
    with open(text_path, "rb") as file:
        raw_data = file.read()
        detected_encoding = chardet.detect(raw_data)
        encoding = detected_encoding["encoding"]

    with open(text_path, "r", encoding=encoding) as file:
        content = file.read()

    # 替换目标字符串
    content = re.sub(target_string, str(replacement_string), content)

    # 将替换后的内容写回文本文件
    with open(text_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as file:
        file.write(content)

    # 显示操作成功的消息框
    messagebox.showinfo("Success", "String replaced successfully.")

5. 设置 Tkinter GUI 应用程序的基本结构：

root = tk.Tk()
root.title("String Replacer")

frame = tk.Frame(root)
frame.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

# 3 创建用于选择文件和输入单元格、目标字符串的标签、输入框和按钮
# 4 对应的 grid 函数设置它们在界面中的位置
# 5 ...

6. 创建 “Replace String” 按钮，绑定 replace_string() 函数，并设置按钮在界面中的位置：

button_replace = tk.Button(frame, text="Replace String", command=replace_string)
button_replace.grid(row=4, column=1, pady=10)

7. 启动 Tkinter GUI 应用程序的主循环：

root.mainloop()

整个程序的功能是通过一个简单的 GUI 界面，让用户选择一个 Excel 文件和一个文本文件，输入一个单元格引用和一个目标字符串。然后，程序从 Excel 文件中读取单元格中的数据，将文本文件中的目标字符串替换为该数据，并将结果保存回文本文件。