1、Flume进阶
1.1 Flume事务
1.2 Flume Agent内存原理
1、ChannelSelector
ChannelSelector的作用就是选出Event将要被发往哪个Channel。其共有两种类型,分别是Replicating(复制)和Multiplexing(多路复用)。
ReplicatingSelector会将同一个Event发往所有的Channel,Multiplexing会根据相应的原则,将不同的Event发往不同的Channel。
2、SinkProcessor
SinkProcessor共有三种类型,分别是DefaultSinkProcessor、LoadBalancingProcessor和FailoverSinkProcessor。
DefaultSinkProcessor对应的是单个的Sink,LoadBalancingSinkProcessor和FailoverProcessor对应的是Sink,Group,LoadBalancingSinkProcessor可以实现负载均衡的功能,FailoverSinkProcessor可以错误恢复功能。
1.3 拓扑结构
1.3.1 简单串联
这种模式是将多个 flume 顺序连接起来了,从最初的 source 开始到最终 sink 传送的目的存储系统。此模式不建议桥接过多的 flume 数量, flume 数量过多不仅会影响传输速率,而且一旦传输过程中某个节点 flume 宕机,会影响整个传输系统。
1.3.2 复制和多路复用
Flume 支持将事件流向一个或者多个目的地。这种模式可以将相同数据复制到多个channel 中,或者将不同数据分发到不同的 channel 中,sink 可以选择传送到不同的目的地。
1.3.3 负载均衡和故障转移
Flume支持使用将多个sink逻辑上分到一个sink组,sink组配合不同的SinkProcessor可以实现负载均衡和错误恢复的功能。
1.3.4 聚合
这种模式是我们最常见的,也非常实用,日常 web 应用通常分布在上百个服务器,大者甚至上千个、上万个服务器。产生的日志,处理起来也非常麻烦。用 flume 的这种组合方式能很好的解决这一问题,每台服务器部署一个 flume 采集日志,传送到一个集中收集日志的flume,再由此 flume 上传到 hdfs、hive、hbase 等,进行日志分析。
1.4 案例实现
前提说明:在Flume之间传输数据要用avro,并且Source用的是avro的FlumeAgent是服务端,在开启时要先开启服务端!!!!
1.4.1 复制和多路复用
1、案例需求
使用 Flume-1 监控文件变动,Flume-1 将变动内容传递给 Flume-2,Flume-2 负责存储到 HDFS。同时 Flume-1 将变动内容传递给 Flume-3,Flume-3 负责输出到 Local FileSystem。
2、需求分析
3、实现步骤
(1)准备工作
在/opt/module/flume/job 目录下创建 group1 文件夹
在/opt/module/datas/目录下创建 flume3 文件夹
(2)创建 flume-file-flume.conf(group1文件夹下)
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1 k2
a1.channels = c1 c2
# 将数据流复制给所有 channel
a1.sources.r1.selector.type = replicating
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /opt/module/hive/logs/hive.log
a1.sources.r1.shell = /bin/bash -c
# Describe the sink
# sink 端的 avro 是一个数据发送者
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop102
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
a1.sinks.k2.type = avro
a1.sinks.k2.hostname = hadoop102
a1.sinks.k2.port = 4142
# Describe the channel
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
a1.channels.c2.type = memory
a1.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1 c2
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
a1.sinks.k2.channel = c2
(3)创建 flume-flume-hdfs.conf(group1文件夹下)
作用:配置上级 Flume 输出的 Source,输出是到 HDFS 的 Sink。
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r1
a2.sinks = k1
a2.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
# source 端的 avro 是一个数据接收服务
a2.sources.r1.type = avro
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop102
a2.sources.r1.port = 4141
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k1.type = hdfs
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.path = hdfs://hadoop102:9820/flume2/%Y%m%d/%H
#上传文件的前缀
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.filePrefix = flume2-
#是否按照时间滚动文件夹
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.round = true
#多少时间单位创建一个新的文件夹
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundValue = 1
#重新定义时间单位
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.roundUnit = hour
#是否使用本地时间戳
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.useLocalTimeStamp = true
#积攒多少个 Event 才 flush 到 HDFS 一次
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.batchSize = 100
#设置文件类型,可支持压缩
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.fileType = DataStream
#多久生成一个新的文件
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollInterval = 30
#设置每个文件的滚动大小大概是 128M
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollSize = 134217700
#文件的滚动与 Event 数量无关
a2.sinks.k1.hdfs.rollCount = 0
# Describe the channel
a2.channels.c1.type = memory
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(4)创建 flume-flume-dir.conf(group1文件夹下)
作用:配置上级 Flume 输出的 Source,输出是到本地目录的 Sink。
# Name the components on this agent
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c2
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r1.type = avro
a3.sources.r1.bind = hadoop102
a3.sources.r1.port = 4142
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = file_roll
a3.sinks.k1.sink.directory = /opt/module/data/flume3
# Describe the channel
a3.channels.c2.type = memory
a3.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r1.channels = c2
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c2
(5)执行配置文件
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a3 --conf-file job/group1/flume-flume-dir.conf
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a2 --conf-file job/group1/flume-flume-hdfs.conf
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a1 --conf-file job/group1/flume-file-flume.conf
(6)启动hadoop和Hive
start-dfs.sh
start-yarn.sh
bin/hive
(7)检查HDFS上数据
(8)检查/opt/module/datas/flume3 目录中数据
1.4.2 负载均衡和故障转移
1、案例需求
使用 Flume1 监控一个端口,其 sink 组中的 sink 分别对接 Flume2 和 Flume3,采用FailoverSinkProcessor,实现故障转移的功能。
2、需求分析
3、实现步骤
(1)准备工作
在/opt/module/flume/job 目录下创建 group2 文件夹
(2)创建 flume-netcat-flume.conf(group2 文件夹下)
配置 1 个 netcat source 和 1 个 channel、1 个 sink group(2 个 sink),分别输送给flume-flume-console1 和 flume-flume-console2
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.channels = c1
a1.sinkgroups = g1
a1.sinks = k1 k2
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = netcat
a1.sources.r1.bind = localhost
a1.sources.r1.port = 44444
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.type = failover
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.priority.k1 = 5
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.priority.k2 = 10
a1.sinkgroups.g1.processor.maxpenalty = 10000
# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop102
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
a1.sinks.k2.type = avro
a1.sinks.k2.hostname = hadoop102
a1.sinks.k2.port = 4142
# Describe the channel
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinkgroups.g1.sinks = k1 k2
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
a1.sinks.k2.channel = c1
(3)创建 flume-flume-console1.conf
配置上级 Flume 输出的 Source,输出是到本地控制台。
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r1
a2.sinks = k1
a2.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a2.sources.r1.type = avro
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop102
a2.sources.r1.port = 4141
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k1.type = logger
# Describe the channel
a2.channels.c1.type = memory
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(4)创建 flume-flume-console2.conf
配置上级 Flume 输出的 Source,输出是到本地控制台。
# Name the components on this agent
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c2
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r1.type = avro
a3.sources.r1.bind = hadoop102
a3.sources.r1.port = 4142
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = logger
# Describe the channel
a3.channels.c2.type = memory
a3.channels.c2.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c2.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r1.channels = c2
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c2
(5)执行配置文件
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a3 --conf-file job/group2/flume-flume-console2.conf -Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a2 --conf-file job/group2/flume-flume-console1.conf -Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a1 --conf-file job/group2/flume-netcat-flume.conf
(6)使用 netcat 工具向本机的 44444 端口发送内容
nc localhost 44444
(7)查看Flume2及Flume3的控制台打印日志
(8)将Flume2 kill ,利用nc发送数据,观察 Flume3 的控制台打印情况
1.4.3 聚合
1、案例需求
hadoop102 上的 Flume-1 监控文件/opt/module/group.log,hadoop103 上的 Flume-2 监控某一个端口的数据流,Flume-1 与 Flume-2 将数据发送给 hadoop104 上的 Flume-3,Flume-3 将最终数据打印到控制台。
2、需求分析
3、案例实现
(1)准备工作
分发 Flume
xsync flume ##xsync是要自己写的分发脚本
在 hadoop102、hadoop103 以及 hadoop104 的/opt/module/flume/job 目录下创建一个group3 文件夹。
(2)在 hadoop102 上编辑配置文件
vim flume1-logger-flume.conf
# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1
a1.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /opt/module/group.log
a1.sources.r1.shell = /bin/bash -c
# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = avro
a1.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop104
a1.sinks.k1.port = 4141
# Describe the channel
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(3)在 hadoop103 上编辑配置文件
配置 Source 监控端口 44444 数据流,配置 Sink 数据到下一级 Flume
# Name the components on this agent
a2.sources = r1
a2.sinks = k1
a2.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a2.sources.r1.type = netcat
a2.sources.r1.bind = hadoop103
a2.sources.r1.port = 44444
# Describe the sink
a2.sinks.k1.type = avro
a2.sinks.k1.hostname = hadoop104
a2.sinks.k1.port = 4141
# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a2.channels.c1.type = memory
a2.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a2.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a2.sources.r1.channels = c1
a2.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(4)在 hadoop104 上编辑配置文件
配置 source 用于接收 flume1 与 flume2 发送过来的数据流,最终合并后 sink 到控制台
# Name the components on this agent
a3.sources = r1
a3.sinks = k1
a3.channels = c1
# Describe/configure the source
a3.sources.r1.type = avro
a3.sources.r1.bind = hadoop104
a3.sources.r1.port = 4141
# Describe the sink
# Describe the sink
a3.sinks.k1.type = logger
# Describe the channel
a3.channels.c1.type = memory
a3.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a3.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100
# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a3.sources.r1.channels = c1
a3.sinks.k1.channel = c1
(5)执行配置文件
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a3 --conf-file job/group3/flume3-flume-logger.conf -Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a2 --conf-file job/group3/flume2-logger-flume.conf
bin/flume-ng agent --conf conf/ --name a1 --conf-file job/group3/flume1-netcat-flume.conf
(6)在 hadoop102 上向/opt/module 目录下的 group.log 追加内容
(7)在 hadoop103 上向 44444 端口发送数据
(8)检查 hadoop104 上数据