文章目录
- 一、在ubuntu中使用apt包下载Perf
- 二、使用源码安装Perf，并移植到arm-linux环境下
- 三、使用perf
- 四、Perf的功能介绍
系统：Ubuntu18.04系统
内核版本：5.4.0-150-generic（通过uname -r查看）
一、在ubuntu中使用apt包下载Perf
输入perf命令，提示：
Command 'perf' not found, but can be installed with:
apt install linux-tools-common
Please ask your administrator.
按照提示安装linux-tools-common:
sudo apt-get install linux-tools-common
查看perf -v，提示：
WARNING: perf not found for kernel 5.4.0-150
You may need to install the following packages for this specific kernel:
linux-tools-5.4.0-150-generic
linux-cloud-tools-5.4.0-150-generic
You may also want to install one of the following packages to keep up to date:
linux-tools-generic
linux-cloud-tools-generic
由于linux有不同的发行版本，内核工具也不同，提示的意思是可以下载特定的内核版本下的tools，根据命令行的提示，使用uname -r 查看内核版本，并下载
sudo apt-get install linux-tools-5.4.0-150-generic
再次执行perf -v可以得到当前版本
perf version 5.4.233
参考博文：Perf的安装与简单使用
二、使用源码安装Perf，并移植到arm-linux环境下
perf是一种系统级性能分析工具，它涉及内核调用，所以安装需要知道内核版本。查看arm-linux平台的内核的版本，到官网上去下载特定的内核源码
在开发板终端输入
uname -r
5.4.31
去官网上下载内核源码，可以手动下载，也可以使用wget，以下操作在ubuntu平台
-
Linux内核源码下载网站：Index of /sites/ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/ (sjtu.edu.cn) 或者 Index of /kernel/linux/kernel/
-
wget下载，例如：
wget http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/sites/ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v5.x/linux-5.4.31.tar.gz
下载完毕之后，解压内核源代码
tar -zxvf linux-5.4.31.tar.gz
进入如下目录
cd linux-5.4.31/tools/perf/
修改Makefile.conf文件，添加LIBC_SUPPORT := 1
源码级安装，如有些依赖包没有安装，得安装一下，Perf源码安装的依赖：ubuntu源码安装性能分析工具perf - 知乎 (zhihu.com)
make -j4 && make install
当前文件夹生成perf应用，
file perf
输出结果：
将编译得到的应用发送到开发板上，运行成功
如果遇到其他问题可以参考博文：
linux perf arm,perf arm交叉编译
perf使用的博文：
perf性能分析工具使用分享
打卡不停更#Linux perf工具使用
perf学习-linux自带性能分析工具
三、使用perf
编写示例程序
#include <stdio.h>
void print(void)
{
int i = 0;
while(1){
i++;
}
}
int main ()
{
print();
return 0;
}
编译目标位可执行文件
gcc -g test.c -o test
使用perf分析性能
perf stat test
出现报错
Error:
You may not have permission to collect stats.
Consider tweaking /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid,
which controls use of the performance events system by
unprivileged users (without CAP_SYS_ADMIN).
The current value is 3:
-1: Allow use of (almost) all events by all users
Ignore mlock limit after perf_event_mlock_kb without CAP_IPC_LOCK
>= 0: Disallow ftrace function tracepoint by users without CAP_SYS_ADMIN
Disallow raw tracepoint access by users without CAP_SYS_ADMIN
>= 1: Disallow CPU event access by users without CAP_SYS_ADMIN
>= 2: Disallow kernel profiling by users without CAP_SYS_ADMIN
To make this setting permanent, edit /etc/sysctl.conf too, e.g.:
kernel.perf_event_paranoid = -1
根据提示到指定文件夹中查找该变量，发现没有，经过百度后替换perf_event_paranoid文件夹内容为-1，注意修改内核文件要加sudo
参考博文：perf have no permission to collect stats
重新执行
perf stat test
输出结果如下
Performance counter stats for 'test':
0.74 msec task-clock # 0.484 CPUs utilized
0 context-switches # 0.000 K/sec
0 cpu-migrations # 0.000 K/sec
58 page-faults # 0.079 M/sec
<not supported> cycles
<not supported> instructions
<not supported> branches
<not supported> branch-misses
0.001520723 seconds time elapsed
0.001628000 seconds user
0.000000000 seconds sys
四、Perf的功能介绍
可以使用许多 perf 命令来获取有关 CPU 使用情况、内存使用情况、I/O 使用情况等信息
>$ perf --help
usage: perf [--version] [--help] [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]
The most commonly used perf commands are:
annotate Read perf.data (created by perf record) and display annotated code
archive Create archive with object files with build-ids found in perf.data file
bench General framework for benchmark suites
buildid-cache Manage build-id cache.
buildid-list List the buildids in a perf.data file
c2c Shared Data C2C/HITM Analyzer.
config Get and set variables in a configuration file.
data Data file related processing
diff Read perf.data files and display the differential profile
evlist List the event names in a perf.data file
ftrace simple wrapper for kernel's ftrace functionality
inject Filter to augment the events stream with additional information
kallsyms Searches running kernel for symbols
kmem Tool to trace/measure kernel memory properties
kvm Tool to trace/measure kvm guest os
list List all symbolic event types
lock Analyze lock events
mem Profile memory accesses
record Run a command and record its profile into perf.data #可以记录指定进程的指定事件
report Read perf.data (created by perf record) and display the profile #可以生成一份报告，显示前面记录的性能参数
sched Tool to trace/measure scheduler properties (latencies)
script Read perf.data (created by perf record) and display trace output
stat Run a command and gather performance counter statistics #可以查看指定命令的CPU和内存使用情况
test Runs sanity tests.
timechart Tool to visualize total system behavior during a workload
top System profiling tool.
version display the version of perf binary
probe Define new dynamic tracepoints
trace strace inspired tool
See 'perf help COMMAND' for more information on a specific command.
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38131812/article/details/123048333
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/498100484
