Arduino UNO通过SPI串行方式驱动LCD12864液晶屏

news2024/10/1 5:41:15

LCD12864液晶屏简介

LCD12864带中文字库图形点阵式液晶显示器，可配合各种单片机可完成中文汉字、英文字符和图形显示，可构成全中文人机交互图形界面，模块具有功耗低、显示内容丰富等特点而应用广泛。它是利用液晶经过处理后能改变光线的传播方向，以电流刺激液晶分子产生点、线、面并配合背光灯构成画面。其显示分辨率为128×64, 内置2M位中文字型ROM（CGROM）8192个（1616点阵）汉字，和16K位半宽字型ROM（HCGROM）128个（168点阵）ASCII字符集，可以显示8×4行16×16点阵的汉字。ST7920的字型产生RAM（CGRAM）提供用户自定义字符生成（造字）功能，可提供4组1616点阵的空间。将要显示的字符的编码写到显示RAM（DDRAM）上，硬件自动从CGROM中选择将要显示的字型显示在屏幕上。绘图RAM提供6432个字节的空间，最多可以控制256*64点阵的二维绘图缓冲空间。具有4位/8位并行（适配M6800时序）、2线或3线串行多种接口方式。各种液晶厂家均有提供几乎都是同样规格的LCD12864模块或兼容模块，基本上也都采用了兼容的IC，所以从特性上基本上是一样的；当然，很多厂商提供了不同的字符颜色、背光色之类的显示模块。
LCD12864内部主要由LCD 显示屏（LCD PANEL）、控制器（controller）、驱动器（driver）和偏压产生电路构成。
在这里插入图片描述

模块引脚定义

Vout为LCD驱动电压输出端，可不接
RST使用时不需复位LCD，可不接
VO一般LCD背面有电位器调节对比度，电压越高对比度也越高，可不接

Arduino UNO与LCD12864模块SPI串行接线方式

Arduino UNO	LCD12864
A2	R/W
A3	RS
A4	E
GND	VSS
5V	VCC
GND	PSB
GND	BLK
5V	BLA

在这里插入图片描述

测试代码

在Arduino IDE库管理器搜索u8glib，并安装如图示所例程库在这里插入图片描述
打开PCtoLCD2002软件，设置参数为C5I，选择模式为字符模式，输入要转换的汉字，然后点击生成字模，最后把生成的字模放入一个字符数组里面。

打开HelloWorld.ino例程，多个汉字显示代码演示

#include "U8glib.h"
U8GLIB_ST7920_128X64_4X u8g(18, 16, 17);// SPI Com: SCK = en = 18, MOSI = rw = 16, CS = di = 17
const uint8_t rook_bitmap1[] PROGMEM = {
0x00,0x00,0x27,0xFC,0x14,0x04,0x14,0xA4,
0x81,0x10,0x42,0x08,0x40,0x40,0x10,0x40,
0x17,0xFC,0x20,0x40,0xE0,0xE0,0x21,0x50,
0x22,0x48,0x2C,0x46,0x20,0x40,0x00,0x40,/*"深",0*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap2[] PROGMEM = {
0x11,0x04,0x11,0x24,0x11,0x24,0x11,0x24,
0x11,0x24,0xFD,0x24,0x11,0x24,0x11,0x24,
0x11,0x24,0x11,0x24,0x11,0x24,0x1D,0x24,
0xE1,0x24,0x42,0x24,0x02,0x04,0x04,0x04,/*"圳",1*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap3[] PROGMEM = {
0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,
0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,
0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,
0x21,0x28,0x21,0x10,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,/*"市",2*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap4[] PROGMEM = {
0x08,0x90,0x08,0x88,0x08,0x88,0x10,0x80,
0x17,0xFE,0x30,0xA0,0x30,0xA0,0x50,0xA0,
0x90,0xA0,0x10,0xA0,0x11,0x20,0x11,0x22,
0x11,0x22,0x12,0x22,0x12,0x1E,0x14,0x00,/*"优",0*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap5[] PROGMEM = {
0x08,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x0B,0xFE,0x10,0x00,
0x10,0x00,0x31,0xFC,0x30,0x00,0x50,0x00,
0x91,0xFC,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x11,0xFC,
0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x11,0xFC,0x11,0x04,/*"信",1*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap6[] PROGMEM = {
0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,
0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x3F,0xF8,
0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x3F,0xF8,
0x21,0x0A,0x01,0x02,0x01,0x02,0x00,0xFE,/*"电",2*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap7[] PROGMEM = {
0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xF8,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,
0x00,0x40,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,
0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,
0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,/*"子",3*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap8[] PROGMEM = {
0x08,0x10,0x1D,0x10,0xF0,0x90,0x10,0x90,
0x10,0x10,0xFD,0x10,0x10,0x90,0x38,0x90,
0x34,0x10,0x50,0x1E,0x53,0xF0,0x90,0x10,
0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,/*"科",0*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap9[] PROGMEM = {
0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x13,0xFE,
0xFC,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x15,0xFC,
0x18,0x84,0x30,0x88,0xD0,0x48,0x10,0x50,
0x10,0x20,0x10,0x50,0x51,0x88,0x26,0x06,/*"技",1*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap10[] PROGMEM = {
0x02,0x00,0x02,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x04,0x00,
0x04,0x00,0x0F,0xF0,0x08,0x10,0x18,0x10,
0x2F,0xF0,0x48,0x10,0x88,0x10,0x0F,0xF0,
0x08,0x10,0x08,0x10,0x08,0x50,0x08,0x20,/*"有",2*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap11[] PROGMEM = {
0x00,0x00,0x7B,0xF8,0x4A,0x08,0x52,0x08,
0x53,0xF8,0x62,0x08,0x52,0x08,0x4B,0xF8,
0x4A,0x44,0x4A,0x48,0x6A,0x30,0x52,0x20,
0x42,0x10,0x42,0x88,0x43,0x06,0x42,0x00,/*"限",3*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap12[] PROGMEM = {
0x00,0x80,0x04,0x80,0x04,0x80,0x08,0x40,
0x08,0x40,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x42,0x08,
0x82,0x06,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x40,0x08,0x20,
0x10,0x20,0x3F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x00,0x00,/*"公",4*/
};
const uint8_t rook_bitmap13[] PROGMEM = {
0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x08,
0x7F,0xE8,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x08,0x1F,0x88,
0x10,0x88,0x10,0x88,0x10,0x88,0x10,0x88,
0x1F,0x88,0x10,0x88,0x00,0x28,0x00,0x10,/*"司",5*/
};
void draw(void) {
  // graphic commands to redraw the complete screen should be placed here  
  //u8g.setFont(u8g_font_unifont);
  //u8g.setFont(u8g_font_osb21);
  //u8g.drawStr( 0, 22, "Hello World!");
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 32,  0, 2, 16, rook_bitmap1);//0行0列显示“深”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 48, 0, 2, 16, rook_bitmap2);//0行16列显示“圳”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 64, 0, 2, 16, rook_bitmap3);//0行32列显示“市”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 16, 16, 2, 16, rook_bitmap4);//16行32列显示“优”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 32, 16, 2, 16, rook_bitmap5);//16行32列显示“信”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 48, 16, 2, 16, rook_bitmap6);//16行32列显示“电”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 64, 16, 2, 16, rook_bitmap7);//16行32列显示“子”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 80, 16, 2, 16, rook_bitmap8);//16行32列显示“科”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 96, 16, 2, 16, rook_bitmap9);//16行32列显示“技”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 32, 32, 2, 16, rook_bitmap10);//32行32列显示“有”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 48, 32, 2, 16, rook_bitmap11);//32行32列显示“限”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 64, 32, 2, 16, rook_bitmap12);//32行32列显示“公”
    u8g.drawBitmapP( 80, 32, 2, 16, rook_bitmap13);//32行32列显示“司”
}
void setup(void) {
}
void loop(void) {
  // picture loop
  u8g.firstPage();  
  do {
    draw();
  } while( u8g.nextPage() );
  
  // rebuild the picture after some delay
  delay(500);
}

u8g.drawStr( m, n, str);//m代表的是第m列，n代表的是第n行，str是要显示的字符串
u8g.drawBitmapP( m, n, x, y, str);//m代表的是第m列，n代表的是第n行，x代表的是生成字。模点阵时的列数除以8，y代表的是点阵行数，str是要显示的字符串。