前言

1、tlp 电源管理

（1）查看电池容量、使用量、为Thinkpad设定电池充电开始结束阈值

（2）查看硬盘比如NVME SSD的型号种类、当前温度、读写量等信息；

（3）查看CPU型号以及频率上下限、睿频的p-state占整个处理器允许的p-state的百分比；显卡、无线&蓝牙、USB等

2、dmidecode

(1)查看内存信息（例）

3、watch grep \'cpu MHz\' /proc/cpuinfo

4、sensors

5、s-tui

6、upower -d

前言

本文章有两个作用，在麒麟V10SP1操作系统下，一是介绍一些常见的系统CPU、内存、硬盘、风扇等硬件监控管理工具，二是读者可以获取硬件信息，精准地对硬件设备进行升级替代，比如购买同样内存时序的内存。

1、tlp 电源管理

tlp 主要用于为笔记本电脑节省电量，进行各种硬件的使用查看或配置。

TLP - Optimize Linux Laptop Battery Life — TLP 1.5 documentation

但它不还可以

（1）查看电池容量、使用量、为Thinkpad设定电池充电开始结束阈值

sudo tlp-stat -b
QStandardPaths: wrong ownership on runtime directory /run/user/1000, 1000 instead of 0
--- TLP 1.3.1 --------------------------------------------

+++ Battery Features: Charge Thresholds and Recalibrate
natacpi = active (data, thresholds)
tpacpi-bat = active (recalibrate)
tp-smapi = inactive (ThinkPad not supported)

+++ ThinkPad Battery Status: BAT0 (Main / Internal)
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/manufacturer = Celxpert
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/model_name = 5B10W13954
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/cycle_count = 3
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full_design = 51000 [mWh]
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full = 49480 [mWh]
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_now = 49480 [mWh]
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/power_now = 0 [mW]
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/status = Full

/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/charge_start_threshold = 96 [%]
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/charge_stop_threshold = 100 [%]
tpacpi-bat.BAT0.forceDischarge = 0

Charge = 100.0 [%]
Capacity = 97.0 [%]

（2）查看硬盘比如NVME SSD的型号种类、当前温度、读写量等信息；

sudo tlp-stat -d
QStandardPaths: wrong ownership on runtime directory /run/user/1000, 1000 instead of 0
--- TLP 1.3.1 --------------------------------------------

+++ Storage Devices
Devices = nvme0n1 sda

/dev/nvme0n1:
Type = NVMe
Model = WDC PC SN730 SDBQNTY-256G-1001
Firmware = 11170101
Scheduler = [none] mq-deadline bfq (multi queue)

Runtime PM: control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = (not available)

SMART info:
Critical Warning: 0x00
Temperature: 51 Celsius
Available Spare: 100%
Available Spare Threshold: 10%
Percentage Used: 0%
Data Units Written: 528,481 [270 GB]
Power Cycles: 76
Power On Hours: 37
Unsafe Shutdowns: 18
Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0

/dev/sda: not present.

+++ AHCI Link Power Management (ALPM)
No AHCI-enabled host controller detected.

（3）查看CPU型号以及频率上下限、睿频的p-state占整个处理器允许的p-state的百分比；显卡、无线&蓝牙、USB等

sudo tlp-stat -p
QStandardPaths: wrong ownership on runtime directory /run/user/1000, 1000 instead of 0
--- TLP 1.3.1 --------------------------------------------

+++ Processor
CPU model = Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U CPU @ 1.80GHz

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq = 400000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq = 4900000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_performance [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power

2、dmidecode

dmidecode, 使用该命令可以查询BIOS、系统、主板、处理器、内存、缓存等非常重要信息。下面是其常用的几个命令:

# dmidecode | grep 'Product Name' // 查看服务器型号
# dmidecode | grep 'Serial Number' // 查看主板的序列号
# dmidecode -s system-serial-number // 查看系统序列号
# dmidecode -t memory // 查看内存信息
# dmidecode -t 11 // 查看OEM信息
# dmidecode | grep "Maximum Capacity" |sed "s/^[ \t]*//" // 最大支持内存容量：

(1)查看内存信息（例）

sudo dmidecode -t memory
# dmidecode 3.2
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 3.2.0 present.

Handle 0x0002, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
Physical Memory Array
   Location: System Board Or Motherboard
   Use: System Memory
   Error Correction Type: None
   Maximum Capacity: 32 GB
   Error Information Handle: Not Provided
   Number Of Devices: 2

Handle 0x0003, DMI type 17, 84 bytes
Memory Device
   Array Handle: 0x0002
   Error Information Handle: Not Provided
   Total Width: 64 bits
   Data Width: 64 bits
   Size: 8192 MB
   Form Factor: SODIMM
   Set: None
   Locator: ChannelA-DIMM0
   Bank Locator: BANK 0
   Type: DDR4
   Type Detail: Synchronous
   Speed: 3200 MT/s
   Manufacturer: Micron
   Serial Number: 00000000
   Asset Tag: None
   Part Number: 4ATF1G64HZ-3G2E1 (信息baidu为镁光8G内存条）
   Rank: 1
   Configured Memory Speed: 2667 MT/s
   Minimum Voltage: Unknown
   Maximum Voltage: Unknown
   Configured Voltage: 1.2 V
   Memory Technology: DRAM
   Memory Operating Mode Capability: Volatile memory
   Firmware Version: Not Specified
   Module Manufacturer ID: Bank 1, Hex 0x2C
   Module Product ID: Unknown
   Memory Subsystem Controller Manufacturer ID: Unknown
   Memory Subsystem Controller Product ID: Unknown
   Non-Volatile Size: None
   Volatile Size: 8 GB
   Cache Size: None
   Logical Size: None

Handle 0x0004, DMI type 17, 84 bytes
Memory Device
   Array Handle: 0x0002
   Error Information Handle: Not Provided
   Total Width: Unknown

3、watch grep \'cpu MHz\' /proc/cpuinfo

查看当前cpu各线程主频

Every 2.0s: grep 'cpu MHz' /proc/cpuinfo akCDB-thinkpadt14gen1: Wed May 10 15:56:02 2023

cpu MHz : 3400.034
cpu MHz : 3400.022
cpu MHz : 3400.010
cpu MHz : 3400.024
cpu MHz : 3400.022
cpu MHz : 3400.041
cpu MHz : 3400.133
cpu MHz : 3399.995

4、sensors

查看传感器状态，温度、风扇等

$ sensors
ucsi_source_psy_USBC000:002-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
in0: 5.00 V (min = +5.00 V, max = +20.00 V)
curr1: 3.00 A (max = +3.25 A)

iwlwifi_1-virtual-0
Adapter: Virtual device
temp1: +55.0°C

thinkpad-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
fan1: 3380 RPM
temp1: +63.0°C
temp2: N/A
temp3: +40.0°C
temp4: +0.0°C
temp5: +63.0°C
temp6: +63.0°C
temp7: +63.0°C
temp8: N/A

BAT0-acpi-0
Adapter: ACPI interface
in0: 13.07 V

ucsi_source_psy_USBC000:001-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
in0: 0.00 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V)
curr1: 0.00 A (max = +0.00 A)

coretemp-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
Package id 0: +61.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 0: +59.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 1: +61.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 2: +60.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)
Core 3: +61.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C)

pch_cannonlake-virtual-0
Adapter: Virtual device
temp1: +63.0°C

acpitz-acpi-0
Adapter: ACPI interface
temp1: +63.0°C (crit = +128.0°C)

5、s-tui

sudo s-tui

在terminal内以图形方式，查看系统cpu温度、主频、利用率、功率、风扇转速等的状态

6、upower -d

查看电池信息

upower -d
Device: /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/line_power_AC
native-path: AC
power supply: yes
updated: 2023年05月10日星期三 13时41分10秒 (8309 seconds ago)
has history: no
has statistics: no
line-power
warning-level: none
online: yes
icon-name: 'ac-adapter-symbolic'

Device: /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/battery_BAT0
native-path: BAT0
vendor: Celxpert
model: 5B10W13954
serial: 1462
power supply: yes
updated: 2023年05月10日星期三 15时59分37秒 (2 seconds ago)
has history: yes
has statistics: yes
battery
present: yes
rechargeable: yes
state: fully-charged
warning-level: none
energy: 49.48 Wh
energy-empty: 0 Wh
energy-full: 49.48 Wh
energy-full-design: 51 Wh
energy-rate: 0 W
voltage: 13.068 V
percentage: 100%
capacity: 97.0196%
technology: lithium-polymer
icon-name: 'battery-full-charged-symbolic'

Device: /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/line_power_ucsi_source_psy_USBC000o001
native-path: ucsi-source-psy-USBC000:001
power supply: yes
updated: 2023年05月10日星期三 13时41分10秒 (8309 seconds ago)
has history: no
has statistics: no
line-power
warning-level: none
online: no
icon-name: 'ac-adapter-symbolic'

Device: /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/line_power_ucsi_source_psy_USBC000o002
native-path: ucsi-source-psy-USBC000:002
power supply: yes
updated: 2023年05月10日星期三 13时41分10秒 (8309 seconds ago)
has history: no
has statistics: no
line-power
warning-level: none
online: yes
icon-name: 'ac-adapter-symbolic'

Device: /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/DisplayDevice
power supply: yes
updated: 2023年05月10日星期三 08时52分56秒 (25603 seconds ago)
has history: no
has statistics: no
battery
present: yes
state: fully-charged
warning-level: none
energy: 49.48 Wh
energy-full: 49.48 Wh
energy-rate: 0 W
percentage: 100%
icon-name: 'battery-full-charged-symbolic'

Daemon:
daemon-version: 0.99.11
on-battery: no
lid-is-closed: no
lid-is-present: yes
critical-action: PowerOff