介绍

上一篇我们用GraphQL 已经有个基本的认识
接着来模拟真实的情境搭配Database 来使用
这篇主要都是在初始化环境

示例代码

通过 Docker 设置 MySQL 数据库

从 DockerHub 拉取 MySQL 镜像docker pull mysql

创建MySQL数据库

$ docker exec -it mysql bash
$ mysql -u root -p
$ CREATE DATABASE hackernews;

模型和迁移

接着我们需要利用GitHub - golang-migrate/migrate: Database migrations. CLI and Golang library.这个Package 来处理Migrations

依照下列结构创建资料夹

go-graphql-hackernews
--internal
----pkg
------db
--------migrations
----------mysql

最后所有步骤完成后的资料夹分布

 

依照指令初始化 migrate package

中间遇到缺少的dependency 就看console 指示用 go get 抓下来

$ go get -u github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql
$ go build -tags 'mysql' -ldflags="-X main.Version=1.0.0" -o $GOPATH/bin/migrate
$ github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/cmd/migrate/
$ cd internal/pkg/db/migrations/
$ migrate create -ext sql -dir mysql -seq create_users_table
$ migrate create -ext sql -dir mysql -seq create_links_table

接着会看到几个创建好的.sql

在 000001_create_users_table.up.sql 内新增

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Users(
    ID INT NOT NULL UNIQUE AUTO_INCREMENT,
    Username VARCHAR (127) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    Password VARCHAR (127) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (ID)
)

在 000002_create_links_table.up.sql 内新增

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Links(
    ID INT NOT NULL UNIQUE AUTO_INCREMENT,
    Title VARCHAR (255) ,
    Address VARCHAR (255) ,
    UserID INT ,
    FOREIGN KEY (UserID) REFERENCES Users(ID) ,
    PRIMARY KEY (ID)
)

cd回到根目录执行

$ migrate -database mysql://root:dbpass@/hackernews -path internal/pkg/db/migrations/mysql up

在 internal/pkg/db/mysql 新增 mysql.go

package database

import (
	"database/sql"
	_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
	"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate"
	"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/database/mysql"
	_ "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/source/file"
	"log"
)

var Db *sql.DB

func InitDB() {
	// Use root:dbpass@tcp(172.17.0.2)/hackernews, if you're using Windows.
	db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:dbpass@tcp(localhost)/hackernews")
	if err != nil {
		log.Panic(err)
	}

	if err = db.Ping(); err != nil {
 		log.Panic(err)
	}
	Db = db
}

func CloseDB() error {
	return Db.Close()
}

func Migrate() {
	if err := Db.Ping(); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	driver, _ := mysql.WithInstance(Db, &mysql.Config{})
	m, _ := migrate.NewWithDatabaseInstance(
		"file://internal/pkg/db/migrations/mysql",
		"mysql",
		driver,
	)
	if err := m.Up(); err != nil && err != migrate.ErrNoChange {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}

}

改写server.go

这段我有改写一些，教学的sample直接拿来用会报错，改了几个地方

1. mysql.go程式码的 package 改名为mig，不然会抓不到import
2. go get -u github.com/go-chi/chi/v5抓取需要初始化 HTTP router 的 package
3. hackernews.XXX()前缀打错了，改成graph
4. .XXX()

func main() {
	port := os.Getenv("PORT")
	if port == "" {
		port = defaultPort
	}

	router := chi.NewRouter()

	mig.InitDB()
	defer mig.CloseDB()
	mig.Migrate()
	server := handler.NewDefaultServer(graph.NewExecutableSchema(graph.Config{Resolvers: &graph.Resolver{}}))
	router.Handle("/", playground.Handler("GraphQL playground", "/query"))
	router.Handle("/query", server)

	log.Printf("connect to http://localhost:%s/ for GraphQL playground", port)
	log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":"+port, router))
}