C++标准快速迭代，不同的系统平台和编译器对C++各种新功能的支持不同，通过这个程序可以测试所用编译器对各个版本C++的支持情况。另一方面，可以在代码中通过这些宏针对不同版本编写不同的代码分支。
源码下面附上Visual Studio 2022的测试结果，基本上在2021年中就把C++23（当时还是草案）大部分功能都支持了。
测试代码
测试代码引用网址：https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/feature_test
#if __cplusplus < 201100
# error "C++11 or better is required"
#endif
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#ifdef __has_include
# if __has_include(<version>)
# include <version>
# endif
#endif
#define COMPILER_FEATURE_VALUE(value) #value
#define COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(name) { #name, COMPILER_FEATURE_VALUE(name) },
#ifdef __has_cpp_attribute
# define COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_AS_STRING(s) #s
# define COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_AS_NUMBER(x) COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_AS_STRING(x)
# define COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(attr) \
{ #attr, COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_AS_NUMBER(__has_cpp_attribute(attr)) },
#else
# define COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(attr) { #attr, "_" },
#endif
// 更改这些选项以仅打印所需的信息。
static struct PrintOptions {
constexpr static bool titles = 1;
constexpr static bool attributes = 1;
constexpr static bool general_features = 1;
constexpr static bool core_features = 1;
constexpr static bool lib_features = 1;
constexpr static bool supported_features = 1;
constexpr static bool unsupported_features = 1;
constexpr static bool sorted_by_value = 0;
constexpr static bool cxx11 = 1;
constexpr static bool cxx14 = 1;
constexpr static bool cxx17 = 1;
constexpr static bool cxx20 = 1;
constexpr static bool cxx23 = 1;
} print;
struct CompilerFeature {
CompilerFeature(const char* name = nullptr, const char* value = nullptr)
: name(name), value(value) {}
const char* name; const char* value;
};
static CompilerFeature cxx[] = {
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cplusplus)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_exceptions)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_rtti)
#if 0
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__GNUC__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__GNUC_MINOR__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__GNUG__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__clang__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__clang_major__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__clang_minor__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__clang_patchlevel__)
#endif
};
static CompilerFeature cxx11[] = {
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_alias_templates)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_attributes)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_decltype)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_delegating_constructors)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_inheriting_constructors)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_initializer_lists)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lambdas)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_nsdmi)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_range_based_for)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_raw_strings)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_ref_qualifiers)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_rvalue_references)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_static_assert)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_threadsafe_static_init)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_unicode_characters)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_unicode_literals)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_user_defined_literals)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_variadic_templates)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx14[] = {
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_aggregate_nsdmi)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_binary_literals)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_decltype_auto)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_generic_lambdas)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_init_captures)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_return_type_deduction)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_sized_deallocation)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_variable_templates)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx14lib[] = {
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_chrono_udls)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_complex_udls)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_exchange_function)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_generic_associative_lookup)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_integer_sequence)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_integral_constant_callable)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_final)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_null_pointer)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_make_reverse_iterator)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_make_unique)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_null_iterators)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_quoted_string_io)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_result_of_sfinae)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_robust_nonmodifying_seq_ops)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shared_timed_mutex)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_string_udls)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_transformation_trait_aliases)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_transparent_operators)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_tuple_element_t)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_tuples_by_type)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx17[] = {
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_aggregate_bases)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_aligned_new)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_capture_star_this)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_deduction_guides)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_enumerator_attributes)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_fold_expressions)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_guaranteed_copy_elision)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_hex_float)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_if_constexpr)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_inheriting_constructors)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_inline_variables)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_namespace_attributes)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_noexcept_function_type)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_nontype_template_args)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_nontype_template_parameter_auto)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_range_based_for)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_static_assert)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_structured_bindings)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_template_template_args)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_variadic_using)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx17lib[] = {
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_addressof_constexpr)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_allocator_traits_is_always_equal)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_any)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_apply)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_array_constexpr)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_as_const)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_is_always_lock_free)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_bool_constant)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_boyer_moore_searcher)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_byte)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_chrono)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_clamp)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_enable_shared_from_this)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_execution)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_filesystem)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_gcd_lcm)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_hardware_interference_size)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_has_unique_object_representations)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_hypot)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_incomplete_container_elements)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_invoke)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_aggregate)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_invocable)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_swappable)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_launder)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_logical_traits)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_make_from_tuple)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_map_try_emplace)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_math_special_functions)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_memory_resource)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_node_extract)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_nonmember_container_access)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_not_fn)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_optional)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_parallel_algorithm)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_raw_memory_algorithms)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_sample)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_scoped_lock)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shared_mutex)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_weak_type)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_string_view)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_to_chars)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_transparent_operators)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_type_trait_variable_templates)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_uncaught_exceptions)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_unordered_map_try_emplace)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_variant)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_void_t)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx20[] = {
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_aggregate_paren_init)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_char8_t)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_concepts)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_conditional_explicit)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_consteval)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr_dynamic_alloc)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr_in_decltype)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constinit)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_deduction_guides)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_designated_initializers)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_generic_lambdas)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_impl_coroutine)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_impl_destroying_delete)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_impl_three_way_comparison)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_init_captures)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_modules)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_nontype_template_args)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_using_enum)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx20lib[] = {
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_array_constexpr)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_assume_aligned)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_float)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_lock_free_type_aliases)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_ref)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_shared_ptr)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_value_initialization)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_wait)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_barrier)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_bind_front)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_bit_cast)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_bitops)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_bounded_array_traits)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_char8_t)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_chrono)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_concepts)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_algorithms)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_complex)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_dynamic_alloc)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_functional)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_iterator)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_memory)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_numeric)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_string)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_string_view)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_tuple)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_utility)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_vector)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_coroutine)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_destroying_delete)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_endian)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_erase_if)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_execution)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_format)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_generic_unordered_lookup)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_int_pow2)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_integer_comparison_functions)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_interpolate)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_layout_compatible)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_nothrow_convertible)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_pointer_interconvertible)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_jthread)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_latch)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_list_remove_return_type)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_math_constants)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_polymorphic_allocator)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_ranges)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_remove_cvref)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_semaphore)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shift)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_smart_ptr_for_overwrite)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_source_location)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_span)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_ssize)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_starts_ends_with)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_string_view)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_syncbuf)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_three_way_comparison)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_to_address)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_to_array)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_type_identity)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_unwrap_ref)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx23[] = {
//< 继续填充
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_if_consteval)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_size_t_suffix)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx23lib[] = {
//< 继续填充
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_typeinfo)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_invoke_r)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_scoped_enum)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_stacktrace)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_stdatomic_h)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_string_contains)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_to_underlying)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_variant)
};
static CompilerFeature attributes[] = {
COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(carries_dependency)
COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(deprecated)
COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(fallthrough)
COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(likely)
COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(maybe_unused)
COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(nodiscard)
COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(noreturn)
COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(no_unique_address)
COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(unlikely)
};
constexpr bool is_feature_supported(const CompilerFeature& x) {
return x.value[0] != '_' && x.value[0] != '0' ;
}
inline void print_compiler_feature(const CompilerFeature& x) {
constexpr static int max_name_length = 44; //< Update if necessary
std::string value{ is_feature_supported(x) ? x.value : "------" };
if (value.back() == 'L') value.pop_back(); //~ 201603L -> 201603
// value.insert(4, 1, '-'); //~ 201603 -> 2016-03
if ( (print.supported_features && is_feature_supported(x))
or (print.unsupported_features && !is_feature_supported(x))) {
std::cout << std::left << std::setw(max_name_length)
<< x.name << " " << value << '\n';
}
}
template<std::size_t N>
inline void show(char const* title, CompilerFeature (&features)[N]) {
if (print.titles) {
std::cout << '\n' << std::left << title << '\n';
}
if (print.sorted_by_value) {
std::sort(std::begin(features), std::end(features),
[](CompilerFeature const& lhs, CompilerFeature const& rhs) {
return std::strcmp(lhs.value, rhs.value) < 0;
});
}
for (const CompilerFeature& x : features) {
print_compiler_feature(x);
}
}
int main() {
if (print.general_features) show("C++ GENERAL", cxx);
if (print.cxx11 && print.core_features) show("C++11 CORE", cxx11);
if (print.cxx14 && print.core_features) show("C++14 CORE", cxx14);
if (print.cxx14 && print.lib_features ) show("C++14 LIB" , cxx14lib);
if (print.cxx17 && print.core_features) show("C++17 CORE", cxx17);
if (print.cxx17 && print.lib_features ) show("C++17 LIB" , cxx17lib);
if (print.cxx20 && print.core_features) show("C++20 CORE", cxx20);
if (print.cxx20 && print.lib_features ) show("C++20 LIB" , cxx20lib);
if (print.cxx23 && print.core_features) show("C++23 CORE", cxx23);
if (print.cxx23 && print.lib_features ) show("C++23 LIB" , cxx23lib);
if (print.attributes) show("ATTRIBUTES", attributes);
}
测试结果
1) Visual Studio 2022
以下是Visual Studio 2022的测试结果，支持的feature比较全。
-
需要在项目属性中选择最新的C++版本。需要选择“预览”选项，C++23的feature才会支持。
-
vs编译器中__cplusplus对应值是199711，测试程序开头（前3行）的监测不能通过，可以注释掉或者修改第一行的数值。
gcc或者clang都没可以直接测试通过。 -
测试结果中显示对标准中attributes支持不好，在代码中实际测试大部分attributes都是支持的。
可能是对测试宏的检测方式不兼容，这个问题抽空调查一下（todo）。
C++ GENERAL
__cplusplus 199711
__cpp_exceptions 199711
__cpp_rtti 199711
C++11 CORE
__cpp_alias_templates 200704
__cpp_attributes 200809
__cpp_constexpr 202002
__cpp_decltype 200707
__cpp_delegating_constructors 200604
__cpp_inheriting_constructors 201511
__cpp_initializer_lists 200806
__cpp_lambdas 200907
__cpp_nsdmi 200809
__cpp_range_based_for 201603
__cpp_raw_strings 200710
__cpp_ref_qualifiers 200710
__cpp_rvalue_references 200610
__cpp_static_assert 201411
__cpp_threadsafe_static_init 200806
__cpp_unicode_characters 200704
__cpp_unicode_literals 200710
__cpp_user_defined_literals 200809
__cpp_variadic_templates 200704
C++14 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_nsdmi 201304
__cpp_binary_literals 201304
__cpp_constexpr 202002
__cpp_decltype_auto 201304
__cpp_generic_lambdas 201707
__cpp_init_captures 201803
__cpp_return_type_deduction 201304
__cpp_sized_deallocation 201309
__cpp_variable_templates 201304
C++14 LIB
__cpp_lib_chrono_udls 201304
__cpp_lib_complex_udls 201309
__cpp_lib_exchange_function 201304
__cpp_lib_generic_associative_lookup 201304
__cpp_lib_integer_sequence 201304
__cpp_lib_integral_constant_callable 201304
__cpp_lib_is_final 201402
__cpp_lib_is_null_pointer 201309
__cpp_lib_make_reverse_iterator 201402
__cpp_lib_make_unique 201304
__cpp_lib_null_iterators 201304
__cpp_lib_quoted_string_io 201304
__cpp_lib_result_of_sfinae 201210
__cpp_lib_robust_nonmodifying_seq_ops 201304
__cpp_lib_shared_timed_mutex 201402
__cpp_lib_string_udls 201304
__cpp_lib_transformation_trait_aliases 201304
__cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201510
__cpp_lib_tuple_element_t 201402
__cpp_lib_tuples_by_type 201304
C++17 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_bases 201603
__cpp_aligned_new 201606
__cpp_capture_star_this 201603
__cpp_constexpr 202002
__cpp_deduction_guides 201907
__cpp_enumerator_attributes 201411
__cpp_fold_expressions 201603
__cpp_guaranteed_copy_elision 201606
__cpp_hex_float 201603
__cpp_if_constexpr 201606
__cpp_inheriting_constructors 201511
__cpp_inline_variables 201606
__cpp_namespace_attributes 201411
__cpp_noexcept_function_type 201510
__cpp_nontype_template_args 201911
__cpp_nontype_template_parameter_auto 201606
__cpp_range_based_for 201603
__cpp_static_assert 201411
__cpp_structured_bindings 201606
__cpp_template_template_args 201611
__cpp_variadic_using 201611
C++17 LIB
__cpp_lib_addressof_constexpr 201603
__cpp_lib_allocator_traits_is_always_equal 201411
__cpp_lib_any 201606
__cpp_lib_apply 201603
__cpp_lib_array_constexpr 201811
__cpp_lib_as_const 201510
__cpp_lib_atomic_is_always_lock_free 201603
__cpp_lib_bool_constant 201505
__cpp_lib_boyer_moore_searcher 201603
__cpp_lib_byte 201603
__cpp_lib_chrono 201907
__cpp_lib_clamp 201603
__cpp_lib_enable_shared_from_this 201603
__cpp_lib_execution 201902
__cpp_lib_filesystem 201703
__cpp_lib_gcd_lcm 201606
__cpp_lib_hardware_interference_size 201703
__cpp_lib_has_unique_object_representations 201606
__cpp_lib_hypot 201603
__cpp_lib_incomplete_container_elements 201505
__cpp_lib_invoke 201411
__cpp_lib_is_aggregate 201703
__cpp_lib_is_invocable 201703
__cpp_lib_is_swappable 201603
__cpp_lib_launder 201606
__cpp_lib_logical_traits 201510
__cpp_lib_make_from_tuple 201606
__cpp_lib_map_try_emplace 201411
__cpp_lib_math_special_functions 201603
__cpp_lib_memory_resource 201603
__cpp_lib_node_extract 201606
__cpp_lib_nonmember_container_access 201411
__cpp_lib_not_fn 201603
__cpp_lib_optional 202110
__cpp_lib_parallel_algorithm 201603
__cpp_lib_raw_memory_algorithms 201606
__cpp_lib_sample 201603
__cpp_lib_scoped_lock 201703
__cpp_lib_shared_mutex 201505
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays 201707
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_weak_type 201606
__cpp_lib_string_view 201803
__cpp_lib_to_chars 201611
__cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201510
__cpp_lib_type_trait_variable_templates 201510
__cpp_lib_uncaught_exceptions 201411
__cpp_lib_unordered_map_try_emplace 201411
__cpp_lib_variant 202106
__cpp_lib_void_t 201411
C++20 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_paren_init 201902
__cpp_char8_t 202207
__cpp_concepts 202002
__cpp_conditional_explicit 201806
__cpp_consteval 201811
__cpp_constexpr 202002
__cpp_constexpr_dynamic_alloc 201907
__cpp_constexpr_in_decltype ------
__cpp_constinit 201907
__cpp_deduction_guides 201907
__cpp_designated_initializers 201707
__cpp_generic_lambdas 201707
__cpp_impl_coroutine 201902
__cpp_impl_destroying_delete 201806
__cpp_impl_three_way_comparison 201907
__cpp_init_captures 201803
__cpp_modules 201907
__cpp_nontype_template_args 201911
__cpp_using_enum 201907
C++20 LIB
__cpp_lib_array_constexpr 201811
__cpp_lib_assume_aligned 201811
__cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test 201907
__cpp_lib_atomic_float 201711
__cpp_lib_atomic_lock_free_type_aliases 201907
__cpp_lib_atomic_ref 201806
__cpp_lib_atomic_shared_ptr 201711
__cpp_lib_atomic_value_initialization 201911
__cpp_lib_atomic_wait 201907
__cpp_lib_barrier 201907
__cpp_lib_bind_front 201907
__cpp_lib_bit_cast 201806
__cpp_lib_bitops 201907
__cpp_lib_bounded_array_traits 201902
__cpp_lib_char8_t 201907
__cpp_lib_chrono 201907
__cpp_lib_concepts 202002
__cpp_lib_constexpr_algorithms 201806
__cpp_lib_constexpr_complex 201711
__cpp_lib_constexpr_dynamic_alloc 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_functional 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_iterator 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_memory 202202
__cpp_lib_constexpr_numeric 201911
__cpp_lib_constexpr_string 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_string_view 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_tuple 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_utility 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_vector 201907
__cpp_lib_coroutine 201902
__cpp_lib_destroying_delete 201806
__cpp_lib_endian 201907
__cpp_lib_erase_if 202002
__cpp_lib_execution 201902
__cpp_lib_format 202207
__cpp_lib_generic_unordered_lookup 201811
__cpp_lib_int_pow2 202002
__cpp_lib_integer_comparison_functions 202002
__cpp_lib_interpolate 201902
__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated 201811
__cpp_lib_is_layout_compatible 201907
__cpp_lib_is_nothrow_convertible 201806
__cpp_lib_is_pointer_interconvertible 201907
__cpp_lib_jthread 201911
__cpp_lib_latch 201907
__cpp_lib_list_remove_return_type 201806
__cpp_lib_math_constants 201907
__cpp_lib_polymorphic_allocator 201902
__cpp_lib_ranges 202207
__cpp_lib_remove_cvref 201711
__cpp_lib_semaphore 201907
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays 201707
__cpp_lib_shift 202202
__cpp_lib_smart_ptr_for_overwrite 202002
__cpp_lib_source_location 201907
__cpp_lib_span 202002
__cpp_lib_ssize 201902
__cpp_lib_starts_ends_with 201711
__cpp_lib_string_view 201803
__cpp_lib_syncbuf 201803
__cpp_lib_three_way_comparison 201907
__cpp_lib_to_address 201711
__cpp_lib_to_array 201907
__cpp_lib_type_identity 201806
__cpp_lib_unwrap_ref 201811
C++23 CORE
__cpp_if_consteval ------
__cpp_size_t_suffix ------
C++23 LIB
__cpp_lib_constexpr_typeinfo 202106
__cpp_lib_invoke_r 202106
__cpp_lib_is_scoped_enum 202011
__cpp_lib_stacktrace 202011
__cpp_lib_stdatomic_h 202011
__cpp_lib_string_contains 202011
__cpp_lib_to_underlying 202102
__cpp_lib_variant 202106
ATTRIBUTES
carries_dependency ------
deprecated ------
fallthrough ------
likely ------
maybe_unused ------
nodiscard ------
noreturn ------
no_unique_address ------
unlikely ------
2) g++ -12 (on Ubuntu 22.04)
以下是gcc的测试结果。从结果看对C++的支持也比较全面，和vs2022对比有少量差异。最后附上一个二者的对比。
- 编译时需要通过参数（–std）指定C++版本：
$ g++-12 -std=c++23 main.cpp -o main
- Ubuntu 22.04上默认是g++ -11，升级成g++ -12后进行测试（有少量更新）。
C++ GENERAL
__cplusplus 202100
__cpp_exceptions 199711
__cpp_rtti 199711
C++11 CORE
__cpp_alias_templates 200704
__cpp_attributes 200809
__cpp_constexpr 202110
__cpp_decltype 200707
__cpp_delegating_constructors 200604
__cpp_inheriting_constructors 201511
__cpp_initializer_lists 200806
__cpp_lambdas 200907
__cpp_nsdmi 200809
__cpp_range_based_for 201603
__cpp_raw_strings 200710
__cpp_ref_qualifiers 200710
__cpp_rvalue_references 200610
__cpp_static_assert 201411
__cpp_threadsafe_static_init 200806
__cpp_unicode_characters 201411
__cpp_unicode_literals 200710
__cpp_user_defined_literals 200809
__cpp_variadic_templates 200704
C++14 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_nsdmi 201304
__cpp_binary_literals 201304
__cpp_constexpr 202110
__cpp_decltype_auto 201304
__cpp_generic_lambdas 201707
__cpp_init_captures 201803
__cpp_return_type_deduction 201304
__cpp_sized_deallocation 201309
__cpp_variable_templates 201304
C++14 LIB
__cpp_lib_chrono_udls 201304
__cpp_lib_complex_udls 201309
__cpp_lib_exchange_function 201304
__cpp_lib_generic_associative_lookup 201304
__cpp_lib_integer_sequence 201304
__cpp_lib_integral_constant_callable 201304
__cpp_lib_is_final 201402
__cpp_lib_is_null_pointer 201309
__cpp_lib_make_reverse_iterator 201402
__cpp_lib_make_unique 201304
__cpp_lib_null_iterators 201304
__cpp_lib_quoted_string_io 201304
__cpp_lib_result_of_sfinae 201210
__cpp_lib_robust_nonmodifying_seq_ops 201304
__cpp_lib_shared_timed_mutex 201402
__cpp_lib_string_udls 201304
__cpp_lib_transformation_trait_aliases 201304
__cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201510
__cpp_lib_tuple_element_t 201402
__cpp_lib_tuples_by_type 201304
C++17 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_bases 201603
__cpp_aligned_new 201606
__cpp_capture_star_this 201603
__cpp_constexpr 202110
__cpp_deduction_guides 201907
__cpp_enumerator_attributes 201411
__cpp_fold_expressions 201603
__cpp_guaranteed_copy_elision 201606
__cpp_hex_float 201603
__cpp_if_constexpr 201606
__cpp_inheriting_constructors 201511
__cpp_inline_variables 201606
__cpp_namespace_attributes 201411
__cpp_noexcept_function_type 201510
__cpp_nontype_template_args 201911
__cpp_nontype_template_parameter_auto 201606
__cpp_range_based_for 201603
__cpp_static_assert 201411
__cpp_structured_bindings 201606
__cpp_template_template_args 201611
__cpp_variadic_using 201611
C++17 LIB
__cpp_lib_addressof_constexpr 201603
__cpp_lib_allocator_traits_is_always_equal 201411
__cpp_lib_any 201606
__cpp_lib_apply 201603
__cpp_lib_array_constexpr 201811
__cpp_lib_as_const 201510
__cpp_lib_atomic_is_always_lock_free 201603
__cpp_lib_bool_constant 201505
__cpp_lib_boyer_moore_searcher 201603
__cpp_lib_byte 201603
__cpp_lib_chrono 201611
__cpp_lib_clamp 201603
__cpp_lib_enable_shared_from_this 201603
__cpp_lib_execution 201902
__cpp_lib_filesystem 201703
__cpp_lib_gcd_lcm 201606
__cpp_lib_hardware_interference_size 201703
__cpp_lib_has_unique_object_representations 201606
__cpp_lib_hypot 201603
__cpp_lib_incomplete_container_elements 201505
__cpp_lib_invoke 201411
__cpp_lib_is_aggregate 201703
__cpp_lib_is_invocable 201703
__cpp_lib_is_swappable 201603
__cpp_lib_launder 201606
__cpp_lib_logical_traits 201510
__cpp_lib_make_from_tuple 201606
__cpp_lib_map_try_emplace 201411
__cpp_lib_math_special_functions 201603
__cpp_lib_memory_resource 201603
__cpp_lib_node_extract 201606
__cpp_lib_nonmember_container_access 201411
__cpp_lib_not_fn 201603
__cpp_lib_optional 202110
__cpp_lib_parallel_algorithm 201603
__cpp_lib_raw_memory_algorithms 201606
__cpp_lib_sample 201603
__cpp_lib_scoped_lock 201703
__cpp_lib_shared_mutex 201505
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays 201707
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_weak_type 201606
__cpp_lib_string_view 201803
__cpp_lib_to_chars 201611
__cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201510
__cpp_lib_type_trait_variable_templates 201510
__cpp_lib_uncaught_exceptions 201411
__cpp_lib_unordered_map_try_emplace 201411
__cpp_lib_variant 202106
__cpp_lib_void_t 201411
C++20 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_paren_init 201902
__cpp_char8_t 201811
__cpp_concepts 202002
__cpp_conditional_explicit 201806
__cpp_consteval 201811
__cpp_constexpr 202110
__cpp_constexpr_dynamic_alloc 201907
__cpp_constexpr_in_decltype 201711
__cpp_constinit 201907
__cpp_deduction_guides 201907
__cpp_designated_initializers 201707
__cpp_generic_lambdas 201707
__cpp_impl_coroutine 201902
__cpp_impl_destroying_delete 201806
__cpp_impl_three_way_comparison 201907
__cpp_init_captures 201803
__cpp_modules ------
__cpp_nontype_template_args 201911
__cpp_using_enum 201907
C++20 LIB
__cpp_lib_array_constexpr 201811
__cpp_lib_assume_aligned 201811
__cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test 201907
__cpp_lib_atomic_float 201711
__cpp_lib_atomic_lock_free_type_aliases ------
__cpp_lib_atomic_ref 201806
__cpp_lib_atomic_shared_ptr 201711
__cpp_lib_atomic_value_initialization 201911
__cpp_lib_atomic_wait 201907
__cpp_lib_barrier 201907
__cpp_lib_bind_front 201907
__cpp_lib_bit_cast 201806
__cpp_lib_bitops 201907
__cpp_lib_bounded_array_traits 201902
__cpp_lib_char8_t 201907
__cpp_lib_chrono 201611
__cpp_lib_concepts 202002
__cpp_lib_constexpr_algorithms 201806
__cpp_lib_constexpr_complex 201711
__cpp_lib_constexpr_dynamic_alloc 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_functional 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_iterator 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_memory 202202
__cpp_lib_constexpr_numeric 201911
__cpp_lib_constexpr_string 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_string_view 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_tuple 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_utility 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_vector 201907
__cpp_lib_coroutine 201902
__cpp_lib_destroying_delete 201806
__cpp_lib_endian 201907
__cpp_lib_erase_if 202002
__cpp_lib_execution 201902
__cpp_lib_format ------
__cpp_lib_generic_unordered_lookup 201811
__cpp_lib_int_pow2 202002
__cpp_lib_integer_comparison_functions 202002
__cpp_lib_interpolate 201902
__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated 201811
__cpp_lib_is_layout_compatible 201907
__cpp_lib_is_nothrow_convertible 201806
__cpp_lib_is_pointer_interconvertible 201907
__cpp_lib_jthread 201911
__cpp_lib_latch 201907
__cpp_lib_list_remove_return_type 201806
__cpp_lib_math_constants 201907
__cpp_lib_polymorphic_allocator 201902
__cpp_lib_ranges 202110
__cpp_lib_remove_cvref 201711
__cpp_lib_semaphore 201907
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays 201707
__cpp_lib_shift 201806
__cpp_lib_smart_ptr_for_overwrite 202002
__cpp_lib_source_location 201907
__cpp_lib_span 202002
__cpp_lib_ssize 201902
__cpp_lib_starts_ends_with 201711
__cpp_lib_string_view 201803
__cpp_lib_syncbuf 201803
__cpp_lib_three_way_comparison 201907
__cpp_lib_to_address 201711
__cpp_lib_to_array 201907
__cpp_lib_type_identity 201806
__cpp_lib_unwrap_ref 201811
C++23 CORE
__cpp_if_consteval 202106
__cpp_size_t_suffix 202011
C++23 LIB
__cpp_lib_constexpr_typeinfo 202106
__cpp_lib_invoke_r 202106
__cpp_lib_is_scoped_enum 202011
__cpp_lib_stacktrace ------
__cpp_lib_stdatomic_h 202011
__cpp_lib_string_contains 202011
__cpp_lib_to_underlying 202102
__cpp_lib_variant 202106
ATTRIBUTES
carries_dependency ------
deprecated 201309
fallthrough 201603
likely 201803
maybe_unused 201603
nodiscard 201907
noreturn 200809
no_unique_address 201803
unlikely 201803
3) Visual Studio 2022 vs. g++ -12
