webgl-图形非矩阵旋转

news2025/1/18 20:22:36

知识拓展

由（x1,y1）旋转β角度到（x2,y2）

根据圆极坐标方程

x1 = r*cosα

y1 = r*sinα

可得

x2 =r*cos(α + β)= r*cosα*cosβ - r*sinα*sinβ,因为x1 = r*cosα，y1 = r*sinα，所以x2 = x1*cosβ -y1*sinβ

y2 = r*sin(α + β) = r*sinα*cosβ + r*cosα*sinβ,因为x1 = r*cosα，y1 = r*sinα，所以y2 = y1* cosβ + x1*sinβ

因此

（x1,y1）旋转β角度到（x1*cosβ -y1*sinβ, y1* cosβ + x1*sinβ）

关键代码

//创建顶点资源和像素资源（颜色）

let vertexSource = `

attribute vec2 a_position;

attribute float cosB;

attribute float sinB;

void main() {

float x1 = a_position.x;

float y1 = a_position.y;

float x2 = x1*cosB - y1*sinB;

float y2 = x1*sinB + y1*cosB;

gl_Position = vec4(x2, y2, 0.0, 1.0);

gl_PointSize = 10.0;

}

`

html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<style>

*{

margin: 0px;

padding: 0px;

}

</style>

</head>

<body>

<canvas id = 'webgl'>

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</canvas>

<script src="./main.js"></script>

</body>

main.js

let canvas = document.getElementById('webgl')

canvas.width = window.innerWidth

canvas.height = window.innerHeight

let radio = window.innerWidth/window.innerHeight;

let ctx = canvas.getContext('webgl')

//创建顶点资源和像素资源（颜色）

let vertexSource = `

attribute vec2 a_position;

attribute float cosB;

attribute float sinB;

void main() {

float x1 = a_position.x;

float y1 = a_position.y;

float x2 = x1*cosB - y1*sinB;

float y2 = x1*sinB + y1*cosB;

gl_Position = vec4(x2, y2, 0.0, 1.0);

gl_PointSize = 10.0;

}

`

let fragmentSource = `

precision mediump float;

void main (){

gl_FragColor = vec4(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0);

}

`

if (initShader(ctx, vertexSource, fragmentSource)) {

//画三角形

let vertexs = [

// x y R G B

-0.5, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, //第一个点的信息

0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, //第二个点的信息

0.0, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0,//第三个点的信息

]

let float32Array = new Float32Array(vertexs)

//创建buffer

let buffer = ctx.createBuffer()

//绑定buffer

ctx.bindBuffer(ctx.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer)

//往buffer中填充值，并指定数据用途

ctx.bufferData(ctx.ARRAY_BUFFER, float32Array, ctx.STATIC_DRAW)

//获取vertexShader指定变量内存

let a_Position = ctx.getAttribLocation(ctx.program, "a_position")

//指定每两个数组元素为一个点

/*

* 当数组元素不需进行分割拆分的时候最后两位可以指定为0，0

*

*

*/

ctx.vertexAttribPointer(

a_Position, //location: vertex Shader里面的attributes变量的location

2, ctx.FLOAT, //size: attribute变量的长度 vec2长度2 vec3长度3

false, //normalized: 正交化 true或false , [1, 2] => [1/根号5， 2/根号5]

5 * float32Array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT, //stride: 每个点的信息所占的BYTES

0 //offset: 每个点的信息，从第几个BYTES开始数

)

ctx.enableVertexAttribArray(a_Position);

// ctx.drawArrays(ctx.TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 3)

let angle = 0

function render(){

angle++

let cosB = ctx.getAttribLocation(ctx.program, "cosB")

let sinB = ctx.getAttribLocation(ctx.program, "sinB")

ctx.vertexAttrib1f(cosB, Math.cos(angle/180 * Math.PI))

ctx.vertexAttrib1f(sinB, Math.sin(angle/180 * Math.PI))

ctx.drawArrays(ctx.TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 3)

window.requestAnimationFrame(render)

}

render()

}

//创建顶点阴影和像素阴影

function createShader(ctx, type, source) {

//创建shader

let shader = ctx.createShader(type)

//绑定

ctx.shaderSource(shader, source)

//编译shader

ctx.compileShader(shader)

//获取编译结果

let compiler = ctx.getShaderParameter(shader, ctx.COMPILE_STATUS)

if (compiler) {

return shader

} else {

let log = ctx.getShaderInfoLog(shader)

console.log("compile shaders error", log)

//删除异常的shader,防止内存泄露

ctx.deleteShader(shader)

return null

}

}

function createProgram(ctx, vertexShader, fragmentShader) {

//创建program

let program = ctx.createProgram()

if (!program) {

return null

}

//点资源和像素资源合并

ctx.attachShader(program, vertexShader)

ctx.attachShader(program, fragmentShader)

ctx.linkProgram(program)

//获取linked的结果

let linked = ctx.getProgramParameter(program, ctx.LINK_STATUS)

if (linked) {

return program

} else {

//获取link错误信息

let log = ctx.getProgramInfoLog(program)

console.log("link program error", log)

//删除防止内存泄漏

ctx.delete(program)

ctx.deleteShader(vertexShader)

ctx.deleteShader(fragmentShader)

return null

}

}

function initShader(ctx, vertexSource, fragmentSource) {

let vertexShader = createShader(ctx, ctx.VERTEX_SHADER, vertexSource)

let fragmentShader = createShader(ctx, ctx.FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentSource)

let program = createProgram(ctx, vertexShader, fragmentShader)

if (program) {

ctx.useProgram(program)

//挂载到ctx

ctx.program = program

return true

} else {

return false

}

}