一、三角形类型

n=list(map(float,input().split()))
c,b,a=sorted(n)
if a>=b+c:
    print("NAO FORMA TRIANGULO")
    exit()
if a**2==b**2+c**2:
    print("TRIANGULO RETANGULO")
elif a**2>b**2+c**2:
    print("TRIANGULO OBTUSANGULO")
elif a**2<b**2+c**2:
    print("TRIANGULO ACUTANGULO")
if a==b==c:
    print("TRIANGULO EQUILATERO")
elif a==b or a==c or b==c:
    print("TRIANGULO ISOSCELES")

读入数组并排序的方法

n=list(map(float,input().split())) c,b,a=sorted(n)

list_1 = list(map(float, input().split())) list_1.sort() list_1.reverse()

lengths=sorted(map(float,input().split(" ")),reverse=True)

二、动物

写法一：

d={" “:{” “},” “:{” "}}

这是一个嵌套的字典数据结构，包含了动物分类以及不同分类的动物名称。可以通过字典的嵌套结构来获取动物名称。

d = {"vertebrado":{"ave":{"carnivoro":"aguia","onivoro":"pomba"},"mamifero":{"onivoro":"homem","herbivoro":"vaca"}},"invertebrado":{"inseto":{"hematofago":"pulga","herbivoro":"lagarta"},"anelideo":{"hematofago":"sanguessuga","onivoro":"minhoca"}}}
a,b,c = input(),input(),input()
print(d[a][b][c])

写法二：嵌套的if

s1 = input()
s2 = input()
s3 = input()

if s1 == "vertebrado":
    if s2 == "ave":
        if s3 == "carnivoro":
            print("aguia")
        else:
            print("pomba")
    else:
        if s3 == "onivoro":
            print("homem")
        else:
            print("vaca")
else:
    if s2 == "inseto":
        if s3 == "herbivoro":
            print("lagarta")
        else:
            print("pulga")
    else:
        if s3 == "onivoro":
            print("minhoca")
        else:
            print("sanguessuga")

写法三：index()

one = ["vertebrado","invertebrado"]
two = ["ave","mamifero","inseto","anelideo"]
three = ["carnivoro","onivoro","herbivoro","hematofago"]
a = one.index(input())
b = two.index(input())
c = three.index(input())
d = {"000":"aguia","001":"pomba","011":"homem","012":"vaca","123":"pulga",
"122":"lagarta","133":"sanguessuga","131":"minhoca"}
# print(a,b,c)
print(d[str(a)+str(b)+str(c)])

三、菱形

n = int(input())
c = n // 2
for i in range(n):
    for j in range(n):
        if abs(i - c) + abs(j - c) <= c:
            print('*', end = '')
        else:
            print(' ', end = '')
    print()

四、质数

n=int(input())
for i in range(n):
    x=int(input())
    flag=True
    for i in range(2,int(x**0.5)+1):
        if x%i==0:
            flag=False
            break
    if flag:
        print("%d is prime"%x)
    else:
        print("%d is not prime"%x)

五、完全数

n=int(input())
for i in range(n):
    ans=0
    x=int(input())
    for j in range(1,x):
        if j**2>x:#剪枝，我一开始没有这句话tle了
            break
        if x%j==0:
            if j<x:
                ans+=j
            if j!=x/j and x/j<x:#如果i**2不等于x
                ans+=int(x/j)
    if ans==x:
        print("%d is perfect"%x)#print("{} is perfect".format(x))
    else: print("%d is not perfect"%x)

六、数字序列和它的和

写法一：

while True:
    a, b = map(int, input().split())
    if a<=0 or b<=0:
        exit()
    if a>b:
     a,b=b,a
    sum=0
    for i in range(a,b+1):
        print(i,end=' ')
        sum+=i
    print("Sum={}".format(sum))

写法二：

while True:
    a,b=map(int,input().split(' '))
    if a<=0 or b <= 0:
        break
    y=max(a,b)
    x=min(a,b)
    sum=0
    for i in range(x,y+1):
        print(i,end=' ')
        sum+=i
        pass
    print("Sum=%d"%sum)

七、连续奇数的和2

写法一：我写复杂了，直接暴力就可以了

然后要注意的就是数组要开大一点，数组的创建和读入的方法。

a=[0]*1005
a[0]=0
for i in range(1,1005):
    if (i-1)&1:
        a[i]=a[i-1]+i-1
    else:
        a[i]=a[i-1]
n=int(input())
for _ in range(n):
    d,b=map(int,input().split())
    if d>b:
        d,b=b,d
    if d==b:
        print(0)
    elif d>0 and b>0:
        print(a[b]-a[d+1])
    elif d<0 and b<0:
        print(-a[-d]+a[-b+1])
    elif d<0 and b>0:
        print(-a[-d]+a[b])

写法二：

for j in range(a[i2]+1,a[i2+1],1):

这里的 range() 函数使用三个参数的形式，其中第一个参数是循环起始值，第二个参数是循环结束值（不包含），第三个参数是循环步长。因此，range(a[i2]+1, a[i2+1], 1) 表示从 a[i2]+1 开始，每次增加 1，直到 a[i2+1]，循环结束。
举个例子：

a = [[0, 5], [10, 15], [20, 25]]

for i in range(len(a)):
    for j in range(a[i][0] + 1, a[i][1], 1):
        # 在这里写需要执行的操作，例如打印 j 的值
        print(j)

这段代码会依次打印出 1 到 4 和 11 到 14 和 21 到 24 这些数字，因为它们分别属于 a 中的三个区间。

n = int(input())
a = []
for i in range(n):
    b = [int(x) for x in input().split()]
    a = a + b#把他一个个存入到a中
for i in range(n):
    count = 0
    if a[i*2] > a[i*2+1]:
        p = a[i*2]
        a[i*2] = a[i*2+1]
        a[i*2+1] = p
    for j in range(a[i*2]+1,a[i*2+1],1):
        if j % 2 == 1:
           count += j
    print(count)

感觉这个写法的思想很巧妙！

写法三：暴力法

n=int(input())
for i in range(n):
    s=0
    x,y=map(int,input().split())
    if x>y:x,y=y,x
    for j in range(x+1,y):
        if j%2==1:
            s+=j
    print(s)

八、实验

字典

这里使用了字典！！！

n = int(input())
res = 0
data = {}
for i in range(n):
    a,b = input().split(" ")
    # print(a,b)
    a = int(a)
    if data.get(b,False):
        data[b] = data[b] + a
    else:
        data[b] = a
    res+=a

print("Total: {} animals".format(res))
print("Total coneys: {}".format(data["C"]))
print("Total rats: {}".format(data["R"]))
print("Total frogs: {}".format(data["F"]))
print("Percentage of coneys: {:.2f} %".format(data["C"]/res*100))
print("Percentage of rats: {:.2f} %".format(data["R"]/res*100))
print("Percentage of frogs: {:.2f} %".format(data["F"]/res*100))

九、蛇形矩阵

在学C++的时候经常写，有点生了，写了好一会

n,m=map(int,input().split())
dx=[0,1,0,-1]
dy=[1,0,-1,0]
a=[[0 for j in range(m)] for i in range(n)]
x,y,t=0,0,0
for i in range(1,n*m+1):
    a[x][y]=i
    x1,y1=x+dx[t],y+dy[t]
    if x1<0 or x1>=n or y1>=m or y1<0 or a[x1][y1]:
        t=(t+1)%4
        x1,y1=x+dx[t],y+dy[t]
    x,y=x1,y1

for i in range(n):
    for j in range(m):
        print(a[i][j],end=' ')
    print()