实战：yaml方式安装ingress-nginx-2023.3.2(测试成功)
目录
文章目录
- 实战：yaml方式安装ingress-nginx-2023.3.2(测试成功)
- 目录
- 实验环境
- 实验软件
- 1、安装过程
- 2、第一个示例
- 关于我
- 最后
- 最后
实验环境
实验环境：
1、win10,vmwrokstation虚机；
2、k8s集群：3台centos7.6 1810虚机，1个master节点,2个node节点
k8s version：v1.22.2
containerd: v1.5.5
#同样在k8s version: v1.25.4，containerd: v1.6.10下也使用次环境；
实验软件
2023.3.2-实战：yaml方式安装ingress-nginx-2023.3.2(测试成功)
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1MJ3Iid8lTfgQmE4i8T5kHA?pwd=2ql4
提取码：2ql4
1、安装过程
- 安装 ingress-nginx 有多种方式，我们这里直接使用下面的命令进行一键安装：
（1）下载部署文件
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/controller-v1.5.1/deploy/static/provider/cloud/deploy.yaml
#我软件包里以提供，是已经修改好了的；
（2）替换镜像 #如果使用我提供的yaml文件，这里的配置就不要做了；
# 可以替换对应的两个镜像
# cnych/ingress-nginx:v1.5.1
# cnych/ingress-nginx-kube-webhook-certgen:v20220916-gd32f8c343
将
image: registry.k8s.io/ingress-nginx/controller:v1.5.1@sha256:4ba73c697770664c1e00e9f968de14e08f606ff961c76e5d7033a4a9c593c629
替换为：
image: cnych/ingress-nginx:v1.5.1
将 #这个需要替换2处
image: registry.k8s.io/ingress-nginx/kube-webhook-certgen:v20220916-gd32f8c343@sha256:39c5b2e3310dc4264d638ad28d9d1d96c4cbb2b2dcfb52368fe4e3c63f61e10f
替换为：
image: cnych/ingress-nginx-kube-webhook-certgen:v20220916-gd32f8c343
（3）部署
[root@master1 ~]#kubectl apply -f deploy.yaml
namespace/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx created
serviceaccount/ingress-nginx-admission created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
configmap/ingress-nginx-controller created
service/ingress-nginx-controller created
service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission created
deployment.apps/ingress-nginx-controller created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-create created
job.batch/ingress-nginx-admission-patch created
ingressclass.networking.k8s.io/nginx created
validatingwebhookconfiguration.admissionregistration.k8s.io/ingress-nginx-admission created
[root@master1 ~]#
- 上面的命令执行后会自动创建一个名为 ingress-nginx 的命名空间，会生成如下几个 Pod：
[root@master1 ~]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create--1-xh62p 0/1 Completed 0 28s
ingress-nginx-admission-patch--1-dccjl 0/1 Completed 2 28s
ingress-nginx-controller-c66bc7c5c-pj2h8 1/1 Running 0 29s
- 此外还会创建如下两个 Service 对象：
[root@master1 ~]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx-controller LoadBalancer 10.96.228.157 <pending> 80:30933/TCP,443:31697/TCP 95s
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.105.93.22 <none> 443/TCP 95s
其中 ingress-nginx-controller-admission 是为准入控制器提供服务的，我们也是强烈推荐开启该准入控制器，这样当我们创建不合要求的 Ingress 对象后就会直接被拒绝了。另外一个 ingress-nginx-controller 就是ingress 控制器对外暴露的服务，我们可以看到默认是一个 LoadBalancer 类型的 Service，我们知道该类型是用于云服务商的，我们这里在本地环境，暂时不能使用，但是可以通过他的 NodePort 来对外暴露，后面我们会提供在本地测试环境提供 LoadBalancer 的方式。
- 到这里 ingress-nginx 就部署成功了，安装完成后还会创建一个名为 nginx 的 IngressClass 对象：
[root@master1 ~]# kubectl get ingressclass
NAME CONTROLLER PARAMETERS AGE
nginx k8s.io/ingress-nginx <none> 3m43s
[root@master1 ~]#kubectl get ingressclass nginx -o yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: IngressClass
metadata:
annotations:
kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
{"apiVersion":"networking.k8s.io/v1","kind":"IngressClass","metadata":{"annotations":{},"labels":{"app.kubernetes.io/component":"controller","app.kubernetes.io/instance":"ingress-nginx","app.kubernetes.io/name":"ingress-nginx","app.kubernetes.io/part-of":"ingress-nginx","app.kubernetes.io/version":"1.5.1"},"name":"nginx"},"spec":{"controller":"k8s.io/ingress-nginx"}}
creationTimestamp: "2023-03-01T14:49:35Z"
generation: 1
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 1.5.1
name: nginx
resourceVersion: "20342"
uid: 7b4ad44f-1eff-405b-9da4-821808529177
spec:
controller: k8s.io/ingress-nginx
[root@master1 ~]#
这里我们只提供了一个 controller 属性，对应的值和 ingress-nginx 的启动参数中的 controller-class 一致的。
[root@master1 ~]#cat deploy.yaml
431 spec:
432 containers:
433 - args:
434 - /nginx-ingress-controller
435 - --publish-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx-controller
436 - --election-id=ingress-nginx-leader
437 - --controller-class=k8s.io/ingress-nginx
438 - --ingress-class=nginx
439 - --configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx-controller
440 - --validating-webhook=:8443
441 - --validating-webhook-certificate=/usr/local/certificates/cert
442 - --validating-webhook-key=/usr/local/certificates/key
2、第一个示例
- 我们先看下
ingress-controllerpod所在的节点
[root@master1 ~]#vim deploy.yaml
406 apiVersion: apps/v1
407 kind: Deployment
……
509 nodeSelector:
510 kubernetes.io/os: linux
[root@master1 ~]#kubectl get po -ningress-nginx -owide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
ingress-nginx-admission-create--1-xh62p 0/1 Completed 0 7h50m 10.244.2.6 node2 <none> <none>
ingress-nginx-admission-patch--1-dccjl 0/1 Completed 2 7h50m 10.244.1.8 node1 <none> <none>
ingress-nginx-controller-c66bc7c5c-pj2h8 1/1 Running 0 7h50m 10.244.1.9 node1 <none> <none> #可以看到时ingress-controller被调度在了node1上
- 安装成功后，现在我们来为一个 nginx 应用创建一个 Ingress 资源，如下所示：
# my-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: my-nginx
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: my-nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: my-nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: my-nginx
image: nginx
ports:
- containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: my-nginx
labels:
app: my-nginx
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
protocol: TCP
name: http
selector:
app: my-nginx
---
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: my-nginx
namespace: default
spec:
ingressClassName: nginx # 使用 nginx 的 IngressClass（关联的 ingress-nginx 控制器）
rules:
- host: first-ingress.172.29.9.52.nip.io # 将域名映射到 my-nginx 服务
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service: # 将所有请求发送到 my-nginx 服务的 80 端口
name: my-nginx
port:
number: 80
# 不过需要注意大部分Ingress控制器都不是直接转发到Service,而是只是通过Service来获取后端的Endpoints列表(因此这里的svc只起到了一个服务发现的作用)，直接转发到Pod，这样可以减少网络跳转，提高性能!!!
⚠️ 注意：
注意我们这里配置的域名是 first-ingress.172.18.0.2.nip.io，该地址其实会直接映射到 172.18.0.2 上面，该 IP 地址就是我的 Node 节点地址，因为我们这里 ingress 控制器是通过 NodePort 对外进行暴露的，所以可以通过 域名:nodePort 来访问服务。nip.io 是由 PowerDNS 提供支持的开源服务，允许我们可以直接通过使用以下格式将任何 IP 地址映射到主机名，这样我们就不需要在 etc/hosts 文件中配置映射了，对于 Ingress 测试非常方便。
注意：nip.io不需要另外安装服务，我们只要安装如下命令配置就好。
- 这里直接创建上面的资源对象即可：
[root@master1 ~]#kubectl apply -f my-nginx.yaml
deployment.apps/my-nginx created
service/my-nginx created
ingress.networking.k8s.io/my-nginx created
[root@master1 ~]#kubectl get ingress
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
my-nginx nginx first-ingress.172.29.9.52.nip.io 80 27m
root@master1 ~]#kubectl get svc -ningress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx-controller LoadBalancer 10.96.228.157 <pending> 80:30933/TCP,443:31697/TCP 7h51m
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.105.93.22 <none> 443/TCP 7h51m
在上面的 Ingress 资源对象中我们使用配置 ingressClassName: nginx 指定让我们安装的 ingress-nginx 这个控制器来处理我们的 Ingress 资源，配置的匹配路径类型为前缀的方式去匹配 / ，将来自域名 firstingress.172.29.9.52.nip.io 的所有请求转发到 my-nginx 服务的后端 Endpoints 中去，注意访问的时候需要带上 NodePort 端口。
- 测试
[root@master1 ~]#curl first-ingress.172.29.9.52.nip.io
curl: (7) Failed connect to first-ingress.172.29.9.52.nip.io:80; Connection refused
[root@master1 ~]#curl first-ingress.172.29.9.52.nip.io:30933 #注意：这里的ingrexx-nginx默认是一个 LoadBalancer 类型的 Service，我们知道该类型是用于云服务商的，我们这里在本地环境，暂时不能使用，但是可以通过他的 NodePort 来对外暴露。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[root@master1 ~]#
- 前面我们也提到了 ingress-nginx 控制器的核心原理就是将我们的 Ingress 这些资源对象映射翻译成 Nginx 配置文件 nginx.conf ，我们可以通过查看控制器中的配置文件来验证这点：
[root@master1 ~]#kubectl exec -it ingress-nginx-controller-c66bc7c5c-pj2h8 -n ingress-nginx -- cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
……
upstream upstream_balancer {
### Attention!!!
#
# We no longer create "upstream" section for every backend.
# Backends are handled dynamically using Lua. If you would like to debug
# and see what backends ingress-nginx has in its memory you can
# install our kubectl plugin https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/kubectl-plugin.
# Once you have the plugin you can use "kubectl ingress-nginx backends" command to
# inspect current backends.
#
###
server 0.0.0.1; # placeholder
balancer_by_lua_block {
balancer.balance()
}
keepalive 320;
keepalive_time 1h;
keepalive_timeout 60s;
keepalive_requests 10000;
}
……
## start server first-ingress.172.29.9.52.nip.io
server {
server_name first-ingress.172.29.9.52.nip.io ;
listen 80 ;
listen [::]:80 ;
listen 443 ssl http2 ;
listen [::]:443 ssl http2 ;
set $proxy_upstream_name "-";
ssl_certificate_by_lua_block {
certificate.call()
}
location / {
set $namespace "default";
set $ingress_name "my-nginx";
set $service_name "my-nginx";
set $service_port "80";
set $location_path "/";
set $global_rate_limit_exceeding n;
rewrite_by_lua_block {
lua_ingress.rewrite({
force_ssl_redirect = false,
ssl_redirect = true,
force_no_ssl_redirect = false,
preserve_trailing_slash = false,
use_port_in_redirects = false,
global_throttle = { namespace = "", limit = 0, window_size = 0, key = { }, ignored_cidrs = { } },
})
balancer.rewrite()
plugins.run()
}
# be careful with `access_by_lua_block` and `satisfy any` directives as satisfy any
# will always succeed when there's `access_by_lua_block` that does not have any lua code doing `ngx.exit(ngx.DECLINED)`
# other authentication method such as basic auth or external auth useless - all requests will be allowed.
#access_by_lua_block {
#}
header_filter_by_lua_block {
lua_ingress.header()
plugins.run()
}
body_filter_by_lua_block {
plugins.run()
}
log_by_lua_block {
balancer.log()
monitor.call()
plugins.run()
}
port_in_redirect off;
set $balancer_ewma_score -1;
set $proxy_upstream_name "default-my-nginx-80";
set $proxy_host $proxy_upstream_name;
set $pass_access_scheme $scheme;
set $pass_server_port $server_port;
set $best_http_host $http_host;
set $pass_port $pass_server_port;
set $proxy_alternative_upstream_name "";
client_max_body_size 1m;
proxy_set_header Host $best_http_host;
# Pass the extracted client certificate to the backend
# Allow websocket connections
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade;
proxy_set_header X-Request-ID $req_id;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $best_http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $pass_port;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $pass_access_scheme;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Scheme $pass_access_scheme;
proxy_set_header X-Scheme $pass_access_scheme;
# Pass the original X-Forwarded-For
proxy_set_header X-Original-Forwarded-For $http_x_forwarded_for;
# mitigate HTTPoxy Vulnerability
# https://www.nginx.com/blog/mitigating-the-httpoxy-vulnerability-with-nginx/
proxy_set_header Proxy "";
# Custom headers to proxied server
proxy_connect_timeout 5s;
proxy_send_timeout 60s;
proxy_read_timeout 60s;
proxy_buffering off;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 4k;
proxy_max_temp_file_size 1024m;
proxy_request_buffering on;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_cookie_domain off;
proxy_cookie_path off;
# In case of errors try the next upstream server before returning an error
proxy_next_upstream error timeout;
proxy_next_upstream_timeout 0;
proxy_next_upstream_tries 3;
proxy_pass http://upstream_balancer;
proxy_redirect off;
}
}
## end server first-ingress.172.29.9.52.nip.io
……
我们可以在 nginx.conf 配置文件中看到上面我们新增的 Ingress 资源对象的相关配置信息，不过需要注意的是现在并不会为每个 backend 后端都创建一个 upstream 配置块，现在是使用 Lua 程序进行动态处理的，所以我们没有直接看到后端的 Endpoints 相关配置数据。
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[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-vKsJy7N8-1677911232689)(https://bucket-hg.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20230107215114763.png)]
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最后
好了，关于本次就到这里了，感谢大家阅读，最后祝大家生活快乐，每天都过的有意义哦，我们下期见！
…(img-NGCWrhd5-1677911232690)]
🍀 语雀
https://www.yuque.com/xyy-onlyone
[外链图片转存中…(img-I81YfPNI-1677911232690)]
🍀 csdn
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39246554?spm=1010.2135.3001.5421
[外链图片转存中…(img-HXyD6Fla-1677911232691)]
🍀 知乎
https://www.zhihu.com/people/foryouone
[外链图片转存中…(img-EfnEjerf-1677911232691)]
最后
好了，关于本次就到这里了，感谢大家阅读，最后祝大家生活快乐，每天都过的有意义哦，我们下期见！
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-mHL2w0ge-1677911232692)(https://bucket-hg.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/img/image-20230302070038774.png)]
