这学期有个课设,我们组我负责一个手机APP的开发,虽然刚开始说要实现什么智能导航,类似高德地图那种,但最后阉割的只剩一个Socket通信了,因为之前没有接触过(可能之后也不会再接触),记录一下开发中遇到的问题。
1.开发工具:Andriod Studio,主要功能:实现与开发板的Socket通信,具体是手机端收到板子消息按钮变色或者文本框显示对应文字,手机端也会发送消息给板子,让板子跳转用户操作界面,整个就是一个简单的前端,逻辑不需要手机端处理。手机端只负责显示。
2.实现效果:
3.一些关键问题和收获:
1)andriod studio 的使用:
感觉还是比较复杂的,前期的一些环境配置有点忘了,按照提示做就可以,主要是手机运行环境的一些配置,然后之后在打包程序安装在手机上出了点问题,需要密钥,按网上指导就可以。
对自带模板的灵活使用:as自带很多模板,比如我开发的这个丑陋的app就是在bottom Navigation Activity这个现成模板的基础上进行开发的。
之前as排版的Xml文件,下载手机上就会变乱。后面不知不觉就好了,注意这个问题。
2)Socket通信:
这个是这个项目的一个主要工作,其中遇到的第一个问题,怎么创建Socket通信:
class ConnectThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
try {
//新建Socket
socket = new Socket("192.168.4.1", 8086);
System.out.println("创建Socket成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Socket的收发信息:注意Socket的收发信息或者说对网络的操作不能直接在主线程进行,一般都需要开子线程。
Socket的收信息:
final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];//创建接收缓冲区
try {
inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
System.out.println("Socket接收数据成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
int len = 0;//数据读出来,并且返回数据的长
try {
len = inputStream.read(buffer);
System.out.println("接收数据大小" + len);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//BUFFER 内容转为字符串
String recvStr = new String(buffer, 0, len);
Socket的发信息:
//控制子线程开始
public void buttonFunc() {
// 在主线程中需要发送数据的代码片断前插入
// 阻塞主线程,使子线程按照“同步”的方式执行
try {
System.out.println("线程开始");
new Thread(sendthread).start(); // 线程启动
new Thread(sendthread).join(); // 线程加入执行队列,主线程被阻塞,等待子线程执行完毕
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
}
// 发送数据子线程
final Runnable sendthread = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("发送数据的子线程执行中");
try {
try {
//输出流初始化
outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
System.out.println("outputStream创建成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
//写入数据
outputStream.write(sendbuf);
outputStream.flush();
System.out.println("数据写入成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("数据发送成功,子线程执行完毕");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("子线程:"+ e.toString());
}
}
};
socket的数据解析及数据格式:
收信息需要先转换为string类型,发信息如果要发16进制,byte数组直接写成16进制的形式。
源码:
美食城:
package com.example.parkingassitant2.ui.home;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider;
import com.example.parkingassitant2.databinding.FragmentHomeBinding;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
public class HomeFragment extends Fragment {
private FragmentHomeBinding binding;
//发送数据保存
byte[] sendbuf = {(byte) 0xaa, (byte) 0xaa,0x03, (byte) 0x12,0x03,0x18, (byte) 0xaa};
Socket socket = null; //定义socket
OutputStream outputStream = null; //定义输出流(发送)
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater,
ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
HomeViewModel homeViewModel =
new ViewModelProvider(this).get(HomeViewModel.class);
binding = FragmentHomeBinding.inflate(inflater, container, false);
View root = binding.getRoot();
ConnectThread ct;
ct = new ConnectThread();
ct.start();
//江底捞
final Button jiangdilao = binding.xiaocaiyuan;
//湖底捞按钮
final Button hudilao = binding.A2;
//河底捞按钮
final Button hedilao = binding.B1;
//海底捞按钮
final Button haidilao = binding.B2;
//KFC按钮
final Button KFC = binding.C1;
//小菜园按钮
final Button xiaocaiyuan = binding.C2;
//万达影城按钮
final Button wanda = binding.D1;
//星巴克按钮
final Button starbuck = binding.D2;
//江底捞按钮监听函数
jiangdilao.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//不同按钮对应不同的数据流
sendbuf = new byte[]{(byte) 0xaa, (byte) 0xaa, 0x03, (byte) 0x12, 0x03, 0x18, (byte) 0xaa};
buttonFunc();
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "预约成功,请更新停车场信息!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//湖底捞按钮监听函数
hudilao.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//不同按钮对应不同的数据流
sendbuf = new byte[]{(byte) 0xaa, (byte) 0xaa, 0x03, (byte) 0x21, 0x03, 0x27, (byte) 0xaa};
buttonFunc();
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "预约成功,请更新停车场信息!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//河底捞按钮监听函数
hedilao.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//不同按钮对应不同的数据流
sendbuf = new byte[]{(byte) 0xaa, (byte) 0xaa, 0x03, (byte) 0x22, 0x03, 0x28, (byte) 0xaa};
buttonFunc();
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "预约成功,请更新停车场信息!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//海底捞按钮监听函数
haidilao.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//不同按钮对应不同的数据流
sendbuf = new byte[]{(byte) 0xaa, (byte) 0xaa, 0x03, (byte) 0x11, 0x03, 0x17, (byte) 0xaa};
buttonFunc();
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "预约成功,请更新停车场信息!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//小菜园按钮监听函数
xiaocaiyuan.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//不同按钮对应不同的数据流
sendbuf = new byte[]{(byte) 0xaa, (byte) 0xaa, 0x03, (byte) 0x13, 0x03, 0x19, (byte) 0xaa};
buttonFunc();
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "预约成功,请更新停车场信息!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//星巴克按钮监听函数
starbuck.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//不同按钮对应不同的数据流
sendbuf = new byte[]{(byte) 0xaa, (byte) 0xaa, 0x03, (byte) 0x14, 0x03, 0x1a, (byte) 0xaa};
buttonFunc();
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "预约成功,请更新停车场信息!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//肯德基按钮监听函数
KFC.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//不同按钮对应不同的数据流
sendbuf = new byte[]{(byte) 0xaa, (byte) 0xaa, 0x03, (byte) 0x23, 0x03, 0x29, (byte) 0xaa};
buttonFunc();
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "预约成功,请更新停车场信息!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//电影院按钮监听函数
wanda.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//不同按钮对应不同的数据流
sendbuf = new byte[]{(byte) 0xaa, (byte) 0xaa, 0x03, (byte) 0x24, 0x03, 0x2a, (byte) 0xaa};
buttonFunc();
Toast.makeText(getContext(), "预约成功,请更新停车场信息!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
return root;
}
class ConnectThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
try {
//两个不同IP地址。网络助手和板子
//socket = new Socket("192.168.71.1", 8086);
//新建Socket
socket = new Socket("192.168.4.1", 8086);
System.out.println("创建Socket成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
@SuppressLint("SuspiciousIndentation")
@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
super.onDestroyView();
binding = null;
try {
if(socket != null) {
socket.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//控制子线程开始
public void buttonFunc() {
// 在主线程中需要发送数据的代码片断前插入
// 阻塞主线程,使子线程按照“同步”的方式执行
try {
System.out.println("线程开始");
new Thread(sendthread).start(); // 线程启动
new Thread(sendthread).join(); // 线程加入执行队列,主线程被阻塞,等待子线程执行完毕
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
}
// 发送数据子线程
final Runnable sendthread = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("发送数据的子线程执行中");
try {
try {
//输出流初始化
outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
System.out.println("outputStream创建成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
//写入数据
outputStream.write(sendbuf);
outputStream.flush();
System.out.println("数据写入成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("数据发送成功,子线程执行完毕");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("子线程:"+ e.toString());
}
}
};
}
停车场:
package com.example.parkingassitant2.ui.dashboard;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider;
import com.example.parkingassitant2.databinding.FragmentDashboardBinding;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
public class DashboardFragment extends Fragment {
private FragmentDashboardBinding binding;
Socket socket = null; //定义socket
OutputStream outputStream = null; //定义输入流(接收)
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
DashboardViewModel dashboardViewModel = new ViewModelProvider(this).get(DashboardViewModel.class);
binding = FragmentDashboardBinding.inflate(inflater, container, false);
View root = binding.getRoot();
ConnectThread ct;
ct = new ConnectThread();
ct.start();
return root;
}
class ConnectThread extends Thread{
InputStream inputStream=null; //定义输入流(接收)
final Button A1 =binding.A1;
final Button A2 = binding.A2;
final Button D1 = binding.D1;
public void run(){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+": Hello");
try {
//socket = new Socket("192.168.71.1", 8086);
socket = new Socket("192.168.4.1", 8086);
binding.textView5.setText("连接成功");
System.out.println("创建Socket成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("创建Socket失败");
e.printStackTrace();
}
try{
while (true)
{
final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];//创建接收缓冲区
try {
inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
System.out.println("Socket接收数据成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
int len = 0;//数据读出来,并且返回数据的长
try {
len = inputStream.read(buffer);
System.out.println("接收数据大小" + len);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//BUFFER 内容转为字符串
String recvStr = new String(buffer, 0, len);
//找到读取开始处,一般为0
int stadex = recvStr.indexOf("aaaa");
System.out.println("解析数据开始位置" + stadex);
int check_3,check_4,check_5,check_6;
while(stadex < len){
stadex = recvStr.indexOf("aaaa",stadex);
int funcType_sta = stadex+4;
int funcType_end = stadex+6;
if(funcType_end > len || funcType_sta >= len){
break;
}
//位置3是操作类型 02 是显示车牌预约停车场
String pos3 = recvStr.substring(funcType_sta,funcType_end);
// check_3 = Integer.parseInt(pos3);
stadex = funcType_end;
//停车预约功能中,位置4是车牌号
String pos4 = recvStr.substring(stadex,stadex+2);
//check_4 = Integer.parseInt(pos4);
stadex += 2;
//停车预约功能中,位置5是目的地
String pos5 = recvStr.substring(stadex,stadex+2);
//check_5 = Integer.parseInt(pos5);
stadex += 2;
String pos6 = recvStr.substring(stadex,stadex+2);
//check_6 = Integer.parseInt(pos6);
stadex += 2;
//if( check_6 != check_3+check_4+check_5) break;
stadex += 2;
System.out.println("解析数据包" + "aaaa" + pos3 + pos4 + pos5 + pos6 + "aa");
System.out.println("操作类型指示值:" + pos3);
switch(pos3){
case "01": {
System.out.println("操作类型为欢迎车牌进站");
String showText = null;
switch (pos4) {
case "01":
showText = "欢迎京A00001";
break;
case "02":
showText = "欢迎青ASB520";
break;
case "03":
showText = "欢迎皖A66666";
break;
case "04":
showText = "欢迎宁E88888";
break;
default:
break;
}
binding.textView5.setText(showText);
break;
}
case "04": {
System.out.println("操作类型为停车预约");
String showText = null;
switch (pos4) {
case "01":
showText = "京A00001";
break;
case "02":
showText = "青ASB520";
break;
case "03":
showText = "皖A66666";
break;
case "04":
showText = "宁E88888";
break;
default:
break;
}
String address = null;
switch (pos5){
case "11":
address = "海底捞";
break;
case "12":
address = "江底捞";
break;
case "13":
address = "小菜园";
break;
case "14":
address = "星巴克";
break;
case "21":
address = "湖底捞";
break;
case "22":
address = "河底捞";
break;
case "23":
address = "肯德基";
break;
case "24":
address = "电影院";
break;
case "a1":
address = "A1";
break;
case "a2":
address = "A2";
break;
case "d1":
address = "D1";
break;
default:
break;
}
binding.textView5.setText(showText+"车主预约车位:" + address);
break;
}
case "03": {
System.out.println("操作类型为车位状态变更");
switch (pos4) {
case "a1": {
if (pos5.equals("00")) {
binding.A1.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#00FF00"));
} else if (pos5.equals("01")) {
binding.A1.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#FF0000"));
} else if (pos5.equals("02")) {
binding.A1.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#FFFF00"));
}
break;
}
case "a2": {
System.out.println("pos5: ");
System.out.println(pos5);
if (pos5.equals("00")) {
binding.A2.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#00FF00"));
} else if (pos5.equals("01")) {
binding.A2.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#FF0000"));
} else if (pos5.equals("02")) {
binding.A2.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#FFFF00"));
}
break;
}
case "d1": {
if (pos5.equals("00")) {
binding.D1.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#00FF00"));
} else if (pos5.equals("01")) {
binding.D1.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#FF0000"));
} else if (pos5.equals("02")) {
binding.D1.setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#FFFF00"));
}
break;
}
default:
break;
}
}
default:
break;
}
}
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
@SuppressLint("SuspiciousIndentation")
@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
super.onDestroyView();
try {
if(socket != null) {
socket.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
binding = null;
}
}