安装dlib时失败，报错如下：

$pip install dlib
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/pypi/simple
Collecting dlib
  Downloading https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/pypi/packages/3c/07/a2693a94ac678c442c4cfe269d24f63053b14410ef2d09957a762eeb4b8e/dlib-19.24.6.tar.gz (3.4 MB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 3.4/3.4 MB 27.1 MB/s eta 0:00:00
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × python setup.py egg_info did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [44 lines of output]
      running egg_info
      creating /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-t2gd3sz_/dlib.egg-info
      writing /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-t2gd3sz_/dlib.egg-info/PKG-INFO
      writing dependency_links to /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-t2gd3sz_/dlib.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
      writing top-level names to /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-t2gd3sz_/dlib.egg-info/top_level.txt
      writing manifest file '/tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-t2gd3sz_/dlib.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
      reading manifest file '/tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-t2gd3sz_/dlib.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
      reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
      no previously-included directories found matching 'tools/python/build*'
      no previously-included directories found matching 'dlib/cmake_utils/*/build*'
      no previously-included directories found matching 'dlib/test'
      warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found anywhere in distribution
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 2, in <module>
        File "<pip-setuptools-caller>", line 34, in <module>
        File "/tmp/pip-install-t2sl_h7x/dlib_b813669f1b0743f98721752d0092e03a/setup.py", line 243, in <module>
          setup(
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 117, in setup
          return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py", line 183, in setup
          return run_commands(dist)
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py", line 199, in run_commands
          dist.run_commands()
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 954, in run_commands
          self.run_command(cmd)
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 950, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 973, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py", line 311, in run
          self.find_sources()
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py", line 319, in find_sources
          mm.run()
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py", line 545, in run
          self.prune_file_list()
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/sdist.py", line 161, in prune_file_list
          super().prune_file_list()
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/sdist.py", line 380, in prune_file_list
          base_dir = self.distribution.get_fullname()
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_core_metadata.py", line 267, in get_fullname
          return _distribution_fullname(self.get_name(), self.get_version())
        File "/home/pan/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_core_metadata.py", line 285, in _distribution_fullname
          canonicalize_version(version, strip_trailing_zero=False),
      TypeError: canonicalize_version() got an unexpected keyword argument 'strip_trailing_zero'
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: metadata-generation-failed

× Encountered error while generating package metadata.
╰─> See above for output.

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for details.

查到是因为setuptools工具版本不对。

版本太高，需要重新安装一个。

$ pip list | grep setup
setuptools              75.1.0


$ pip install 'setuptools<58.0.0'
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/pypi/simple
Collecting setuptools<58.0.0
  Downloading https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/pypi/packages/4b/b9/71687c5d2034c863db1db2e0704f5e27581ff3cb44d7f293968c5e08ceb3/setuptools-57.5.0-py3-none-any.whl (819 kB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 819.3/819.3 kB 14.8 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Installing collected packages: setuptools
  Attempting uninstall: setuptools
    Found existing installation: setuptools 75.1.0
    Uninstalling setuptools-75.1.0:
      Successfully uninstalled setuptools-75.1.0
Successfully installed setuptools-57.5.0

再次安装dlib，成功

$ pip install dlib
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/pypi/simple
Collecting dlib
  Downloading https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/pypi/packages/3c/07/a2693a94ac678c442c4cfe269d24f63053b14410ef2d09957a762eeb4b8e/dlib-19.24.6.tar.gz (3.4 MB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 3.4/3.4 MB 26.5 MB/s eta 0:00:00
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: dlib
  Building wheel for dlib (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for dlib: filename=dlib-19.24.6-cp38-cp38-linux_x86_64.whl size=4126251 sha256=6c967d8d5c66dbe9e7f1d4fbec9e4a11e3ebac60b2f095d589eb7c240c2099e8
  Stored in directory: /home/pan/.cache/pip/wheels/9a/35/5e/88273b88fbc6923cf3cace8abdd556d50082dbdad89438cc6a
Successfully built dlib
Installing collected packages: dlib
Successfully installed dlib-19.24.6