WPF+Prism View与ViewModel绑定

news2025/1/5 19:21:19

1、开发环境，Win10+VS2022+.NET8+Prism.DryIoc（9.0.537）或Prism.Unity。

2、通过NuGet安装Prism.DryIoc（9.0.537）或Prism.Unity。

2.1、创建ViewModels文件夹用于存放ViewModel文件、创建Views文件夹存放View文件。

将App.xaml文件修改，代码如下。

<prism:PrismApplication x:Class="PrismSimpleLearn.App"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"             
             xmlns:prism="http://prismlibrary.com/"
             xmlns:local="clr-namespace:PrismSimpleLearn">
    <!--StartupUri="Views/MainWindow.xaml"-->
    <Application.Resources>
         
    </Application.Resources>
</prism:PrismApplication>

App.xaml.cs，代码如下。

//using Prism.Unity;
using Prism.Ioc;
using Prism.Mvvm;
using System.Windows;
using PrismSimpleLearn.Views;
using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.ComponentModel;
using PrismSimpleLearn.ViewModels;
using static System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames;
using System.Reflection.Metadata;
using System.Security.Claims;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Media.Media3D;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using PrismSimpleLearn.Core;
using PrismSimpleLearn.BLL;
using PrismSimpleLearn.Module;

namespace PrismSimpleLearn
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for App.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class App : PrismApplication
    {
        //设置启动起始页
        protected override Window CreateShell()
        {
            return Container.Resolve<MainWindow>();
        }
        
        protected override void RegisterTypes(IContainerRegistry containerRegistry)
        {
            //通过IOC容器注册IApplicationCommands为单例
            //containerRegistry.RegisterSingleton<IApplicationCommands, ApplicationCommands>();
        }

        protected override void ConfigureModuleCatalog(IModuleCatalog moduleCatalog)
        {
            //base.ConfigureModuleCatalog(moduleCatalog);
            //moduleCatalog.AddModule<CompositeCommandMoudle>();
        }

        //配置规则
        protected override void ConfigureViewModelLocator()
        {
             ViewModel注册方式0
            /// ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel = "True" 
            //< Window x: Class = "PrismSimpleLearn.Views.MainWindow"
            //        xmlns = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
            //        xmlns: x = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
            //        xmlns: d = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
            //        xmlns: mc = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
            //        xmlns: local = "clr-namespace:PrismSimpleLearn"
            //        xmlns: prism = "http://prismlibrary.com/"
            //        mc: Ignorable = "d"
            //        Title = "MainWindow" Height = "450" Width = "800" prism: ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel = "True" >
            //     <!--
            //     prism:ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel = "True", 表示自动绑定View和ViewModel
            //     prism:ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel="False", 表示不自动绑定View和ViewModel,并且其它的绑定也会失效
            //     prism:ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel="{x:Null}",表示不自动绑定View和ViewModel,但其它的绑定不会失效
            //     -->                
            //    < StackPanel >
            //        < TextBlock Text = "{Binding Title}" FontSize = "16" />
            //        < Button x: Name = "btnClicke" Command = "{Binding ClickCommand}" Height = "30" Width = "200" Content = "DelegateCommand" />
            //    </ StackPanel >
            //</ Window >

             ViewModel注册方式1
            //base.ConfigureViewModelLocator();
            //ViewModelLocationProvider.SetDefaultViewTypeToViewModelTypeResolver((viewType) =>
            //{
            //    var viewName = viewType.FullName.Replace(".Views.", ".ViewModels.");
            //    var viewAssemblyName = viewType.GetTypeInfo().Assembly.FullName;
            //    var viewModelName = $"{viewName}ViewModel, {viewAssemblyName}";
            //    return Type.GetType(viewModelName);
            //});

             ViewModel注册方式2
            //base.ConfigureViewModelLocator();
            //ViewModelLocationProvider.Register<MainWindow, MainWindowViewModel>();

             ViewModel注册方式3
            //base.ConfigureViewModelLocator();
            //ViewModelLocationProvider.Register(typeof(MainWindow).ToString(), typeof(MainWindowViewModel));

             ViewModel注册方式4
            //base.ConfigureViewModelLocator();
            //ViewModelLocationProvider.Register(typeof(MainWindow).ToString(), () => Container.Resolve<MainWindowViewModel>());

            // ViewModel注册方式5
            //base.ConfigureViewModelLocator();
            //ViewModelLocationProvider.Register<MainWindow>(() => Container.Resolve<MainWindowViewModel>());
            //ViewModelLocationProvider.Register<GetNameSubcommand>(() => Container.Resolve<GetNameSubcommandViewModel>());
        }
    }

}

2.2、ViewModel的注册方式。

2.2.1、在xaml中使用prism: ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel 进行注册，先在xaml中引入xmlns: prism = "http://prismlibrary.com/"。

prism: ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel 有三种赋值方式

prism:ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel = "True", 表示自动绑定View和ViewModel
prism:ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel="False", 表示不自动绑定View和ViewModel,并且其它的绑定也会失效
prism:ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel="{x:Null}",表示不自动绑定View和ViewModel,但其它的绑定不会失效

以MainWindow.xaml为例，代码如下。

<Window x:Class="PrismSimpleLearn.Views.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:PrismSimpleLearn"
        xmlns:prism="http://prismlibrary.com/"
        xmlns:i="http://schemas.microsoft.com/xaml/behaviors"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" prism:ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel="True">

    <ScrollViewer Width="{Binding  RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type Window}},Path=ActualWidth}" 
                  Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type Window}},Path=ActualHeight}"
                  VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                  HorizontalAlignment="Center" 
                  VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" 
                  HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
        <StackPanel>
            <!--简单的命令绑定-->
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Title}" FontSize="36" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Width="200" Height="50" Margin="0,30,0,0"/>
            <Button x:Name="btnClicke" Command="{Binding ClickCommand}" Height="30" Width="200" Content="DelegateCommand"/>
        </StackPanel>
    </ScrollViewer>    

</Window>

MainWindowViewModel.cs，绑定MVVM需要ViewModel集成BindableBase代码如下。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using Prism.Commands;
using Prism.Mvvm;
using PrismSimpleLearn.Core;

namespace PrismSimpleLearn.ViewModels
{
    public class MainWindowViewModel:BindableBase
    {
        #region DelegateCommand

        private string _title = "Prism";
        public string Title
        {
            get { return _title; }
            set { _title = value;RaisePropertyChanged(); }
            //另一种方式
            //set { SetProperty(ref _title, value); }
        }

        private DelegateCommand _clickCommand;
        public DelegateCommand ClickCommand
        {
            get
            {
                return _clickCommand ?? (_clickCommand = new DelegateCommand(Click));
            }
        }
        private void Click()
        {
            Title = "Clicked";
        }
        #endregion       

    }
}

3、运行效果如下图。