【学习笔记】卫星通信NTN 3GPP标准化进展分析（六）- 参考标准

一、引言：

本文来自3GPP Joern Krause, 3GPP MCC (May 14,2024)

Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) (3gpp.org)

本文总结了NTN标准化进程以及后续的研究计划，是学习NTN协议的入门。

【学习笔记】卫星通信NTN 3GPP标准化进展分析（一）-基本信息-CSDN博客https://blog.csdn.net/u011376987/article/details/141790786?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

【学习笔记】卫星通信NTN 3GPP标准化进展分析（二）- 3GPP Release16 内容-CSDN博客https://blog.csdn.net/u011376987/article/details/141791684?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501【学习笔记】卫星通信NTN 3GPP标准化进展分析（三）- 3GPP Release17 内容-CSDN博客https://blog.csdn.net/u011376987/article/details/141791743?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

【学习笔记】卫星通信NTN 3GPP标准化进展分析（四）- 3GPP Release18内容-CSDN博客https://blog.csdn.net/u011376987/article/details/141791799?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

【学习笔记】卫星通信NTN 3GPP标准化进展分析（五）- 3GPP Release19 研究计划-CSDN博客https://blog.csdn.net/u011376987/article/details/141791831?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

【学习笔记】卫星通信NTN 3GPP标准化进展分析（六）- 参考标准-CSDN博客https://blog.csdn.net/u011376987/article/details/141791904?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

References

Pure Satellite/NTN specific specifications:

TR 38.811, "Study on New Radio (NR) to support non-terrestrial networks", REL-15 SI FS_NR_nonterr_nw, RAN

TR 22.822, "Study on using satellite access in 5G", REL-16 SI FS_5GSAT, SA1

TR 38.821, "Study on solutions for NR to support non-terrestrial networks (NTN)", REL-16 SI FS_NR_NTN_solutions, RAN3

TR 23.737, "Study on architecture aspects for using satellite access in 5G", SI FS_5GSAT_ARCH, SA2; note: SI started in REL-16 but ended in REL-17

TR 38.863, "Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) related RF and co-existence aspects", REL-17 WI NR_NTN_solutions, RAN4

TS 38.101-5, "NR; User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception; Part 5: Satellite access Radio Frequency (RF) and performance requirements", REL-17 WI NR_NTN_solutions, RAN4

TS 38.108, "NR; Satellite Access Node radio transmission and reception", REL-17 WI NR_NTN_solutions, RAN4

TS 38.181, "NR; Satellite Access Node conformance testing", REL-17 WI NR_NTN_solutions, RAN4

TS 38.521-5, "NR; User Equipment (UE) conformance specification; Radio transmission and reception; Part 5: Satellite access Radio Frequency (RF) and performance", REL-17 WI NR_NTN_solutions_plus_CT-UEConTest, RAN5

TR 38.882 "Study on requirements and use cases for network verified UE location for Non-Terrestrial-Networks (NTN) in NR", REL-18 SI FS_NR_NTN_netw_verif_UE_loc, RAN

TR 37.911, "Study on self-evaluation towards the IMT-2020 submission of the 3GPP Satellite Radio Interface Technology", REL-18 SI FS_IMT2020_SAT_eval, SA1

TR 22.926, "Guidelines for extraterritorial 5G Systems (5GS)" REL-18 SI FS_5GET, SA1

Generic specifications including Satellite/NTN aspects:

TS 22.261, "Service requirements for the 5G system", stage 1 spec from SA1

TS 23.501, "System architecture for the 5G System (5GS)", stage 2 spec from SA2, esp. clauses 5.4.10 and 5.4.11

TS 38.300, "NR; NR and NG-RAN Overall description; Stage-2", RAN2, esp. clause 16.14

Note: Stage 3 aspects are distributed over several specifications (like any other 3GPP feature).

Other references:

"NTN & Satellite in Rel-17 & 18", by Munira Jaffar & Nicolas Chuberre, see also 3GPP Highlights newsletter no.3, page 24

Abbreviations:

AF Application Function

AMF Access and Mobility Management Function

AS Access Stratum

GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit

gNB Node providing NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE, and connected via the NG interface to the 5GC

GSO Geosynchronous Orbit

GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System

HAPS High Altitude Platform Station

HEO Highly Elliptical Orbit

LEO Low Earth Orbit

MEO Medium Earth Orbiting

NG-RAN Next Generation Radio Access Network
(set of gNBs connected to the 5GC through the NG interface)

NGSO Non-Geostationary Satellite Orbit

NRM Network Resource Model

NTN Non-Terrestrial Networks (incl. satellites, UAVs, drones, ballons)

PCI Physical Cell Identifier

PLMN Public Land Mobile Network

RA Random Access

RRC Radio Resource Control

RRM Radio Resource Management

RTT Round Trip Time

SAN Satellite Access Node

SSB SS/PBCH block

SSC Satellite Service Customer

SMTC SS/PBCH Block Measurement Timing Configuration

SNO Satellite Network Operator

SSB SS/PBCH block

TA Timing Advance

TAC Tracking Area Code

TAI Tracking Area Indicator

TN Terrestrial Network

TNL Transport Network Layer

UAV Uncrewed/Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle

UPF User Plane Function

VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal

Definitions:

Airborne vehicles: Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) encompassing tethered UAS (TUA), Lighter than Air UAS (LTA), Heavier than Air UAS (HTA), all operating in altitudes typically between 8 and 50 km including High Altitude Platforms (HAPs)

Geostationary Earth orbit: Circular orbit at 35,786 kilometres above the Earth's equator and following the direction of the Earth's rotation. An object in such an orbit has an orbital period equal to the Earth's rotational period and thus appears motionless, at a fixed position in the sky, to ground observers.

High Altitude Platform Station: airborne vehicle embarking the NTN payload placed at an altitude between 8 and 50 km.

Low Earth Orbit: Orbit around the around Earth with an altitude between 500 kilometres (orbital period of about 88 minutes), and 2,000 kilometres (orbital period of about 127 minutes).

Medium Earth Orbit: region of space around the Earth above low Earth orbit and below geostationary Earth Orbit.

Non-Geosynchronous orbit: earth-centered orbit with an orbital period that does not match Earth's rotation on its axis. This includes Low and Medium Earth Orbit (LEO and MEO).

Non Geostationary Satellites: Satellites (LEO and MEO) orbiting around the Earth with a period that varies approximately between 1.5 hour and 10 hours. It is necessary to have a constellation of several Non Geostationary satellites associated with handover mechanisms to ensure a service continuity.

Non-terrestrial networks: Networks, or segments of networks, using an airborne or space-borne vehicle to embark a transmission equipment relay node or base station.

NTN Gateway: an earth station located at the surface of the earth, providing connectivity to the NTN payload using the feeder link. An NTN Gateway is a TNL node.

NTN payload: a network node, embarked on board a satellite or high altitude platform station, providing connectivity functions, between the service link and the feeder link. In the current version of this specification, the NTN payload is a TNL node.

Regenerative payload: payload that transforms and amplifies an uplink RF signal before transmitting it on the downlink. The transformation of the signal refers to digital processing that may include demodulation, decoding, re-encoding, re-modulation and/or filtering.

Satellite: a space-borne vehicle embarking a bent pipe payload or a regenerative payload telecommunication transmitter, placed into Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) typically at an altitude between 500 km to 2000 km, Medium-Earth Orbit (MEO) typically at an altitude between 8000 to 20000 km, or Geostationary-satellite Earth Orbit (GEO) at 35 786 km altitude.

Satellite Access Node (SAN): node providing NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards NTN Satellite capable UE, and connected via the NG interface to the 5GC. It encompass a transparent NTN payload on board a NTN platform, a gateway and gNB functions.

Space-borne vehicles: Satellites including Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites, Medium Earth Orbiting (MEO) satellites, Geostationary Earth Orbiting (GEO) satellites as well as Highly Elliptical Orbiting (HEO) satellites

Service link: wireless link between the NTN payload and UE