废话不多说，直接上代码（确保已经安装 pygame）

import pygame
import random

# 基础设置
# 屏幕高度
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480
# 屏幕宽度
SCREEN_WIDTH = 600
# 小方格大小
GRID_SIZE = 20

# 颜色设置
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)

# 初始化 Pygame
pygame.init()

# 创建屏幕
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("贪吃蛇游戏")

# 游戏时钟
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

# 初始蛇的位置和速度
snake_pos = [200, 100]
snake_speed = [0, 0]

# 食物的位置
food_pos = [random.randrange(1, (SCREEN_WIDTH // GRID_SIZE)) * GRID_SIZE,
            random.randrange(1, (SCREEN_HEIGHT // GRID_SIZE)) * GRID_SIZE]

# 蛇的身体列表
snake_body = [[snake_pos[0], snake_pos[1]]]

# 游戏结束标志
game_over = False

# 得分
score = 0


def draw_snake(snake_body):
    for pos in snake_body:
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, [pos[0], pos[1], GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE])


def show_score(score):
    font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 36)
    score_text = font.render("Score: " + str(score), 1, WHITE)
    screen.blit(score_text, [10, 10])


while not game_over:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            game_over = True

        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_UP and snake_speed[1] != GRID_SIZE:
                snake_speed = [0, -GRID_SIZE]
            elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and snake_speed[1] != -GRID_SIZE:
                snake_speed = [0, GRID_SIZE]
            elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and snake_speed[0] != GRID_SIZE:
                snake_speed = [-GRID_SIZE, 0]
            elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and snake_speed[0] != -GRID_SIZE:
                snake_speed = [GRID_SIZE, 0]

    # 根据速度移动蛇头
    snake_pos[0] += snake_speed[0]
    snake_pos[1] += snake_speed[1]

    # 如果蛇头碰到食物
    if snake_pos[0] == food_pos[0] and snake_pos[1] == food_pos[1]:
        food_pos = [random.randrange(1, (SCREEN_WIDTH // GRID_SIZE)) * GRID_SIZE,
                    random.randrange(1, (SCREEN_HEIGHT // GRID_SIZE)) * GRID_SIZE]
        score += 1
    else:
        # 移除蛇尾以模拟移动
        del snake_body[0]

    # 检查是否撞到自己或边界，游戏结束
    if [snake_pos[0], snake_pos[1]] in snake_body[1:]:
        game_over = True
    elif snake_pos[0] < 0 or snake_pos[0] >= SCREEN_WIDTH or snake_pos[1] < 0 or snake_pos[1] >= SCREEN_HEIGHT:
        game_over = True

    # 添加新的蛇头位置
    snake_body.append(list(snake_pos))

    # 绘制背景
    screen.fill(BLACK)

    # 绘制食物
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, [food_pos[0], food_pos[1], GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE])

    # 绘制蛇
    draw_snake(snake_body)

    # 显示得分
    show_score(score)

    # 刷新屏幕
    pygame.display.flip()

    # 控制帧率
    clock.tick(10)

# 退出游戏
pygame.quit()

# 文字描述 主要功能技术
"""
food_pos = [random.randrange(1, (SCREEN_WIDTH // GRID_SIZE)) * GRID_SIZE,
            random.randrange(1, (SCREEN_HEIGHT // GRID_SIZE)) * GRID_SIZE]
GRID_SIZE 是单元格的大小
(SCREEN_WIDTH // GRID_SIZE)) * GRID_SIZE 先对宽度除以单元格取整取得整个宽度的单元格个数

 pygame.draw.rect(screen, GREEN, [pos[0], pos[1], GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE])
 画矩形，在屏幕，用什么颜色，在什么位置
 
 snake_body.append(list(snake_pos))
 增加长度
 
 pygame.display.flip()
 刷新屏幕
 
 pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, [food_pos[0], food_pos[1], GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE])
 控制食物出现位置
"""