【SAP Abap】一条SQL语句实现支持报表项配置的财务报表
- 1、业务背景
- 2、配置项特殊处理
- 3、实现方式（Hana Studio SQL语句）
- 4、实现方式（Abap OpenSQL语句）
- 5、总结
1、业务背景
在财务三大报表之外，业务需要使用类似的科目可配置方式，开发一个包括销售、管理、研发、财务的四大费用报表。
报表项配置表如下：
报表数据显示格式如下：
FS取值逻辑如下：
每月取值逻辑：根据选择屏幕输入的
公司代码、会计年度、分类账,前面的功能范围、报表项维护的总账科目，取出ACDOCA-POPER等于’01’期间ACDOCA-HSL汇总金额。
2、配置项特殊处理
（1）该报表没有AB左右列区分，使用列编号来区分四大费用类型：A-销售、B-管理、C-研发、D-财务；
（2）明细项太多，每种类型费用汇总项的公式列，写具体公式太麻烦，对未来增加明细项也不太友好，改用“ALL”标识。
3、实现方式（Hana Studio SQL语句）
with lt_acdoca as (
select
h.zcolumn, h.zrow, h.ztext,
a.rbukrs, a.gjahr, a.poper, a.rldnr,
a.RFAREA, a.racct, a.DRCRK,
( case when h.REVERSAL = 'X' then - a.hsl else a.hsl end ) as hsl
from ztfi002 as h
left join acdoca as a on a.gjahr = 2023 and a.poper <= 3 --测试数据
and (
( h.fsaknr = '' and h.tsaknr = '')
or (
a.racct between
case when h.fsaknr = '' then h.tsaknr else h.fsaknr end
and
case when h.tsaknr = '' then h.fsaknr else h.tsaknr end
)
-- 说明：以上or语句在opensql中不兼容，可以改用以下三句等效语句
--or ( h.fsaknr = '' and h.tsaknr <> '' and a.racct = h.tsaknr )
--or ( h.fsaknr <> '' and h.tsaknr = '' and a.racct = h.fsaknr )
--or ( h.fsaknr <> '' and h.tsaknr <> '' and a.racct between h.fsaknr and h.tsaknr )
)
and (
( h.frfarea = '' and h.trfarea = '')
or ( a.RFAREA between
case when h.frfarea = '' then h.trfarea else h.frfarea end
and
case when h.trfarea = '' then h.frfarea else h.trfarea end
)
-- 说明：以上or语句在opensql中不兼容，可以改用以下三句等效语句
--or ( h.frfarea = '' and h.trfarea <> '' and a.RFAREA = h.trfarea )
--or ( h.frfarea <> '' and h.trfarea = '' and a.RFAREA = h.frfarea )
--or ( h.frfarea <> '' and h.trfarea <> '' and a.RFAREA between h.frfarea and h.trfarea )
)
and (
a.DRCRK = ( case when h.ZJFBS = 'X' then 'S' else '' end )
or a.DRCRK = ( case when h.ZDFBS = 'X' then 'H' else '' end )
-- 说明：以上两行语句在opensql中不兼容，可以改用以下三行等效语句
--( h.ZJFBS = 'X' and h.ZDFBS = 'X' )
--or ( h.ZJFBS = 'X' and a.DRCRK = 'S' )
--or ( h.ZDFBS = 'X' and a.DRCRK = 'H' )
)
where h.ztype = 'FE' and h.FORMULA <> 'ALL'
and a.poper is not null
and a.rbukrs = 2300 -- 测试数据
)
, lt_lt_acdoca_sum as (
select zcolumn, zrow, ztext, poper, sum( coalesce( hsl,0 ) ) as hsl
from lt_acdoca
group by zcolumn, zrow, ztext, poper
)
, lt_header as ( select distinct zcolumn, zrow, ztext, ztype, FORMULA from ztfi002 )
select h.zcolumn, h.zrow, h.ztext,
sum( coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) ) as hsl,
sum( case when s.poper = '001' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl01,
sum( case when s.poper = '002' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl02,
sum( case when s.poper = '003' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl03,
sum( case when s.poper = '004' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl04,
sum( case when s.poper = '005' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl05,
sum( case when s.poper = '006' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl06,
sum( case when s.poper = '007' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl07,
sum( case when s.poper = '008' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl08,
sum( case when s.poper = '009' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl09,
sum( case when s.poper = '010' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl10,
sum( case when s.poper = '011' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl11,
sum( case when s.poper = '012' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl12,
sum( case when s.poper = '013' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl13,
sum( case when s.poper = '014' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl14,
sum( case when s.poper = '015' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl15,
sum( case when s.poper = '016' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl16
from lt_header as h
left join lt_lt_acdoca_sum as s on s.zcolumn = h.zcolumn and s.zrow = h.zrow
where h.ztype = 'FE' and h.FORMULA <> 'ALL'
group by h.zcolumn, h.zrow, h.ztext
union all
select h.zcolumn, h.zrow, h.ztext,
sum( coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) ) as hsl,
sum( case when s.poper = '001' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl01,
sum( case when s.poper = '002' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl02,
sum( case when s.poper = '003' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl03,
sum( case when s.poper = '004' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl04,
sum( case when s.poper = '005' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl05,
sum( case when s.poper = '006' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl06,
sum( case when s.poper = '007' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl07,
sum( case when s.poper = '008' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl08,
sum( case when s.poper = '009' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl09,
sum( case when s.poper = '010' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl10,
sum( case when s.poper = '011' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl11,
sum( case when s.poper = '012' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl12,
sum( case when s.poper = '013' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl13,
sum( case when s.poper = '014' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl14,
sum( case when s.poper = '015' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl15,
sum( case when s.poper = '016' then coalesce( s.hsl,0 ) else 0 end ) as hsl16
from lt_header as h
left join lt_lt_acdoca_sum as s on s.zcolumn = h.zcolumn
where h.ztype = 'FE' and h.FORMULA = 'ALL'
group by h.zcolumn, h.zrow, h.ztext
order by h.zcolumn, h.zrow
显示结果如下：
4、实现方式（Abap OpenSQL语句）
将以上SQL语句复制到Abap代码中，检查代码语句，根据错误提示进行调整，最终调整代码如下：
FORM FRM_GET_DATA.
WITH +LT_ACDOCA AS (
SELECT
H~ZCOLUMN, H~ZROW, H~ZTEXT,
A~RBUKRS, A~GJAHR, A~POPER, A~RLDNR,
A~RFAREA, A~RACCT, A~DRCRK,
( CASE WHEN H~REVERSAL = 'X' THEN - A~HSL ELSE A~HSL END ) AS HSL
FROM ZTFI002 AS H
LEFT JOIN ACDOCA AS A ON A~GJAHR = @P_RYEAR AND ( @P_POPER IS INITIAL OR A~POPER <= @P_POPER )
AND (
( H~FSAKNR = '' AND H~TSAKNR = '')
OR ( H~FSAKNR = '' AND H~TSAKNR <> '' AND A~RACCT = H~TSAKNR )
OR ( H~FSAKNR <> '' AND H~TSAKNR = '' AND A~RACCT = H~FSAKNR )
OR ( H~FSAKNR <> '' AND H~TSAKNR <> '' AND A~RACCT BETWEEN H~FSAKNR AND H~TSAKNR )
)
AND (
( H~FRFAREA = '' AND H~TRFAREA = '')
OR ( H~FRFAREA = '' AND H~TRFAREA <> '' AND A~RFAREA = H~TRFAREA )
OR ( H~FRFAREA <> '' AND H~TRFAREA = '' AND A~RFAREA = H~FRFAREA )
OR ( H~FRFAREA <> '' AND H~TRFAREA <> '' AND A~RFAREA BETWEEN H~FRFAREA AND H~TRFAREA )
)
AND (
( H~ZJFBS = 'X' AND H~ZDFBS = 'X' )
OR ( H~ZJFBS = 'X' AND A~DRCRK = 'S' )
OR ( H~ZDFBS = 'X' AND A~DRCRK = 'H' )
)
WHERE H~ZTYPE = 'FE' AND H~FORMULA <> 'ALL'
AND A~POPER IS NOT NULL
AND A~RBUKRS IN @R_BUKRS
AND A~RLDNR = @P_RLDNR
)
, +LT_LT_ACDOCA_SUM AS (
SELECT ZCOLUMN, ZROW, ZTEXT, POPER, SUM( COALESCE( HSL,0 ) ) AS HSL
FROM +LT_ACDOCA
GROUP BY ZCOLUMN, ZROW, ZTEXT, POPER
)
, +LT_HEADER AS ( SELECT DISTINCT ZCOLUMN, ZROW, ZTEXT, ZTYPE, FORMULA FROM ZTFI002 )
SELECT H~ZCOLUMN, H~ZROW, H~ZTEXT,
SUM( COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ) AS HSL,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '001' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL01,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '002' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL02,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '003' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL03,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '004' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL04,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '005' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL05,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '006' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL06,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '007' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL07,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '008' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL08,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '009' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL09,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '010' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL10,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '011' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL11,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '012' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL12,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '013' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL13,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '014' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL14,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '015' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL15,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '016' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL16
FROM +LT_HEADER AS H
LEFT JOIN +LT_LT_ACDOCA_SUM AS S ON S~ZCOLUMN = H~ZCOLUMN AND S~ZROW = H~ZROW
WHERE H~ZTYPE = 'FE' AND H~FORMULA <> 'ALL'
GROUP BY H~ZCOLUMN, H~ZROW, H~ZTEXT
UNION ALL
SELECT H~ZCOLUMN, H~ZROW, H~ZTEXT,
SUM( COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ) AS HSL,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '001' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL01,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '002' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL02,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '003' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL03,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '004' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL04,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '005' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL05,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '006' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL06,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '007' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL07,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '008' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL08,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '009' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL09,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '010' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL10,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '011' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL11,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '012' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL12,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '013' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL13,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '014' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL14,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '015' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL15,
SUM( CASE WHEN S~POPER = '016' THEN COALESCE( S~HSL,0 ) ELSE 0 END ) AS HSL16
FROM +LT_HEADER AS H
LEFT JOIN +LT_LT_ACDOCA_SUM AS S ON S~ZCOLUMN = H~ZCOLUMN
WHERE H~ZTYPE = 'FE' AND H~FORMULA = 'ALL'
GROUP BY H~ZCOLUMN, H~ZROW, H~ZTEXT
ORDER BY ZCOLUMN, ZROW
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @GT_DATA.
ENDFORM.
最终结果如下：
5、总结
通过以上方法实现的报表，可以大大减少abap代码量，充分利用hana数据库性能，很大程度的提高数据查询效率。
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