基于MinGW64 GCC编译Windows平台上的 libuvc

安装cmake

打开cmake官网 https://cmake.org/download/，下载安装包：

安装时选择将cmake加到系统环境变量里。安装完成后在新的CMD命令窗口执行cmake --version可看到输出：

D:\>cmake --version
cmake version 3.29.3
CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).

安装Mingw64 GCC

Mingw目标是为支持Windows平台上的GCC编译，它主要提供头文件和支持库，Mingw自身不包括GCC和binutils，所以官网提供了集成这些组件的各种安装包。列表里有Linux平台的安装包，那些是用来在Linux平台生成Widows程序的。

https://www.mingw-w64.org/

这里我选择了w64devkit，点击后安装链接指向了github：https://github.com/skeeto/w64devkit/releases ，下载w64devkit-1.23.0.zip。

解压后放在C盘，将目录 C:\w64devkit\bin\ 加入系统PATH环境变量。

然后新打开的CMD命令窗口输入gcc –v 可以看到输出：

D:\>gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=C:/w64devkit/bin/../libexec/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/14.1.0/lto-wrapper.exe
Target: x86_64-w64-mingw32
Configured with: /gcc-14.1.0/configure --prefix=/w64devkit --with-sysroot=/w64devkit/x86_64-w64-mingw32 --with-native-system-header-dir=/include --target=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --host=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --enable-static --disable-shared --with-pic --with-gmp-include=/deps/include --with-gmp-lib=/deps/lib --with-mpc-include=/deps/include --with-mpc-lib=/deps/lib --with-mpfr-include=/deps/include --with-mpfr-lib=/deps/lib --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-libgomp --enable-threads=posix --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs --disable-dependency-tracking --disable-lto --disable-multilib --disable-nls --disable-win32-registry --enable-mingw-wildcard CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=-Os CXXFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=-Os LDFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=-s CFLAGS=-Os CXXFLAGS=-Os LDFLAGS=-s
Thread model: posix
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc version 14.1.0 (GCC)

下载libusb

Libuvc依赖libusb，libusb是一个低级的通用访问USB设备的用户空间库。我们直接下载官网已经编译好的二进制库。

https://libusb.info/

点击图中Latest Windows Binaries下载 https://github.com/libusb/libusb/releases/download/v1.0.27/libusb-1.0.27.7z 解压后将 include\libusb.h, MinGW64下面的 .a 及 .dll 库提取到一个目录，如D:\libusb:

下载编译libuvc

https://github.com/libuvc/libuvc

从官网以git clone下载源码，源码所放位置为D:\libuvc

由于cmake最小版本过低会产生如下告警：

CMake Deprecation Warning at CMakeLists.txt:1 (cmake_minimum_required):

  Compatibility with CMake < 3.5 will be removed from a future version of

  CMake.

  Update the VERSION argument <min> value or use a ...<max> suffix to tell

  CMake that the project does not need compatibility with older versions.

所以我们把libuvc/CmakeList.txt开头的cmake最低版本改为3.10

如果直接执行cmake .. 会提示找不到libusb，打开D:\libuvc\CmakeLists.txt，删除find_package(LibUSB)一行，替换为下面内容（目录分隔符这里用的是 /，如果用 \ 分隔，转义的原因还要改为 \\）：

# Locate the libusb-1.0 package manually if not found
#find_path(LIBUSB_INCLUDE_DIR NAMES libusb.h PATH_SUFFIXES libusb-1.0)
#find_library(LIBUSB_LIBRARY NAMES usb-1.0 libusb-1.0)
set(LIBUSB_INCLUDE_DIR D:/libusb)
set(LIBUSB_LIBRARY   D:/libusb/libusb-1.0.dll  D:/libusb/libusb-1.0.dll.a)
#set(LIBUSB_LIBRARY  D:/libusb/libusb-1.0.a)   # for static link

if(LIBUSB_INCLUDE_DIR AND LIBUSB_LIBRARY)
  set(LIBUSB_FOUND TRUE)
else()
  set(LIBUSB_FOUND FALSE)
  message(WARNING "LibUSB not found. Please install it.")
endif()

静态链接用lbusb-1.0.a就注释掉46行，打开47行，这样会更方便一点，不会产生找不到dll的问题。

然后在130行左右添加libusb.h头文件目录和链接库，

打开CMD窗口，执行下面命令：

cd D:\libuvc
mkdir build install
cd build
rm –fr *;  #如果cmake有错，重新执行时建议把目录清空。
cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=D:\libuvc\install -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON  ..

第一次执行cmake报错, 系统会报病毒拦截，再执行一次上面的cmake 命令即可。不确定是误报还是真有病毒。

CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.29/Modules/CMakeDetermineCompilerId.cmake:922 (file):
  file STRINGS file "D:/libuvc/build/CMakeFiles/3.29.3/CompilerIdC/a.exe"
  cannot be read.

执行cmake成功后生成Makefie，接下来执行make命令进行编译。编译过程中会提示ARRAYSIZE重复定义的警告:

D:/libuvc/include/libuvc/libuvc_internal.h:75:9: warning: "ARRAYSIZE" redefined
   75 | #define ARRAYSIZE(arr) (sizeof(arr) / (IS_ARRAY(arr) ? sizeof(arr[0]) : 0))
      |         ^~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:/w64devkit/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include/minwindef.h:163,
                 from C:/w64devkit/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include/windef.h:9,
                 from C:/w64devkit/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include/windows.h:69,
                 from D:/libusb/libusb.h:64,
                 from D:/libuvc/include/libuvc/libuvc_internal.h:14:
C:/w64devkit/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include/winnt.h:681:
note: this is the location of the previous definition
  681 | #define ARRAYSIZE(A) RTL_NUMBER_OF_V2(A)

如果不想看到太多输出警告信息，可以编辑D:\libuvc\include\libuvc\libuvc_internal.h，在ARRAYSIZE外面加上#ifndef ARRAYSIZE 进行防御。

编译成功：

D:\libuvc\build>make
[  5%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc.dir/src/ctrl.c.obj
[ 10%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc.dir/src/ctrl-gen.c.obj
[ 15%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc.dir/src/device.c.obj
[ 20%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc.dir/src/diag.c.obj
[ 25%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc.dir/src/frame.c.obj
[ 30%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc.dir/src/init.c.obj
[ 35%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc.dir/src/stream.c.obj
[ 40%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc.dir/src/misc.c.obj
[ 45%] Linking C shared library libuvc.dll
[ 45%] Built target uvc
[ 50%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc_static.dir/src/ctrl.c.obj
[ 55%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc_static.dir/src/ctrl-gen.c.obj
[ 60%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc_static.dir/src/device.c.obj
[ 65%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc_static.dir/src/diag.c.obj
[ 70%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc_static.dir/src/frame.c.obj
[ 75%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc_static.dir/src/init.c.obj
[ 80%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc_static.dir/src/stream.c.obj
[ 85%] Building C object CMakeFiles/uvc_static.dir/src/misc.c.obj
[ 90%] Linking C static library libuvc.a
[ 90%] Built target uvc_static
[ 95%] Building C object CMakeFiles/example.dir/src/example.c.obj
[100%] Linking C executable example.exe
[100%] Built target example

然后安装到install目录，

D:\libuvc\build>make install
[ 45%] Built target uvc
[ 90%] Built target uvc_static
[100%] Built target example
Install the project...
-- Install configuration: "Release"
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/lib/libuvc.dll.a
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/bin/libuvc.dll
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/include/libuvc/libuvc.h
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/include/libuvc/libuvc_config.h
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/lib/libuvc.a
-- Up-to-date: D:/libuvc/install/include/libuvc/libuvc.h
-- Up-to-date: D:/libuvc/install/include/libuvc/libuvc_config.h
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/lib/cmake/libuvc/libuvcTargets.cmake
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/lib/cmake/libuvc/libuvcTargets-release.cmake
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/lib/cmake/libuvc/FindLibUSB.cmake
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/lib/cmake/libuvc/FindJpegPkg.cmake
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/lib/cmake/libuvc/libuvcConfigVersion.cmake
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/lib/pkgconfig/libuvc.pc
-- Installing: D:/libuvc/install/lib/cmake/libuvc/libuvcConfig.cmake

测试

以example.exe来进行测试。

首先利用USBDeview (https://usbdeview.me)工具找到电脑上外置UVC摄像头的VID和PID。

然后打开D:\libuvc\src\example.c，修改其中的VID和PID：

重新在build目录执行make，然后执行example.exe, 会提示找不到libusb-1.0.dll，可以将D:\libusb-1.0.dll复制一份放在example.exe同一个目录。或者一劳永逸的复制到C:\Windows\System32下。如果给别人发编译好的程序，需要带上libusb-1.0.dll。若前面Cmake配置静态链接libusb则没有此麻烦。

解决完dll问题后，example跑起来会报错，找不到设备：

D:\libuvc\build>example.exe
UVC initialized
Device found
uvc_open: Not found (-5)
UVC exited

先用USBDeview查看驱动，此UVC设备使用了usbvideo驱动，需要安装WinUSB驱动。

https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows-hardware/drivers/usbcon/winusb-installation 面向开发人员的 WinUSB (Winusb.sys) 安装文档中描述到：

对于某些通用串行总线 (USB) 设备（例如仅由单个应用程序访问的设备），可以在设备的内核模式堆栈中安装 WinUSB (Winusb.sys) 作为 USB 设备的功能驱动程序，而不是实现驱动程序。libusb正是此种场景。可以认为WinUSB.sys驱动是一种低层次的驱动，libusb要跟低层的驱动打交道，usbvideo.sys驱动是高层次的驱动。可以31按链接中微软官方的指导安装WinUSB驱动，也可以用Zadig来安装此驱动。

从 https://zadig.akeo.ie下载Zadig。由于在此电脑上，USB Camera(Interface 0)是Video类型，USB Camera(Interface 2)是Audio类型，所以在从Options菜单中选择List All Devices后选择USB Camera(Interface 0)，换用WinUSB驱动。

安装WinUSB驱动后用USBDeview查看：

example跑成功的日志：

D:\libuvc\build>example.exe

UVC initialized
Device found
Device opened

DEVICE CONFIGURATION (b349:b182/[none]) ---
Status: idle
VideoControl:
        bcdUVC: 0x0100

VideoStreaming(1):
        bEndpointAddress: 129
        Formats:
        UncompressedFormat(1)
                  bits per pixel: 16
                  GUID: 5955593200001000800000aa00389b71 (YUY2)
                  default frame: 1
                  aspect ratio: 0x0
                  interlace flags: 00
                  copy protect: 00
                        FrameDescriptor(1)
                          capabilities: 01
                          size: 1600x1200
                          bit rate: 153600000-153600000
                          max frame size: 3840000
                          default interval: 1/5
                          interval[0]: 1/5
                        FrameDescriptor(2)
                          capabilities: 01
                          size: 1280x720
                          bit rate: 110592000-110592000
                          max frame size: 1843200
                          default interval: 1/7
                          interval[0]: 1/7
                        FrameDescriptor(3)
                          capabilities: 01
                          size: 640x480
                          bit rate: 147456000-147456000
                          max frame size: 614400
                          default interval: 1/30
                          interval[0]: 1/30
        MJPEGFormat(2)
                  bits per pixel: 0
                  GUID: 4d4a5047000000000000000000000000 (MJPG)
                  default frame: 1
                  aspect ratio: 0x0
                  interlace flags: 00
                  copy protect: 00
                        FrameDescriptor(1)
                          capabilities: 01
                          size: 1600x1200
                          bit rate: 921600000-921600000
                          max frame size: 3840000
                          default interval: 1/30
                          interval[0]: 1/30
                        FrameDescriptor(2)
                          capabilities: 01
                          size: 1280x720
                          bit rate: 442368000-442368000
                          max frame size: 1843200
                          default interval: 1/30
                          interval[0]: 1/30
                        FrameDescriptor(3)
                          capabilities: 01
                          size: 640x480
                          bit rate: 147456000-147456000
                          max frame size: 614400
                          default interval: 1/30
                          interval[0]: 1/30
END DEVICE CONFIGURATION
First format: (YUY2) 1600x1200 5fps
bmHint: 0001
bFormatIndex: 1
bFrameIndex: 1
dwFrameInterval: 2000000
wKeyFrameRate: 0
wPFrameRate: 0
wCompQuality: 61
wCompWindowSize: 0
wDelay: 0
dwMaxVideoFrameSize: 3840000
dwMaxPayloadTransferSize: 3060
bInterfaceNumber: 1
Streaming...
Enabling auto exposure ...
 ... full AE not supported, trying aperture priority mode
 ... enabled aperture priority auto exposure mode
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
callback! frame_format = 3, width = 1600, height = 1200, length = 3840000, ptr = 0000000000003039
Done streaming.
Device closed
UVC exited