1、分部解释
2、完整代码
3、SpringBoot定时任务+Quartz
1、动态定时任务:
- 动态定时任务,即定时任务的动态调度,可根据需求自由的进行任务的生成、暂停、恢复、删除和更新操作。
- Quartz本身没有提供动态调度的功能,需要自己根据相关的API开发。
2、动态定时任务使用场景:
- 订单成功后自动发短信通知
- 每日推送的功能引发用户不满,不再定时推送
- 每日下班前30分钟发送工作报表,遇节假日暂停发送
- …
3、Scheduler调度器常用API
4、实现动态调度的定时任务
注释:
JobBean:封装,任务调度的参数,不在使用默认的调度方式。
代码演示:
1、JobBean 类:
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class JobBean {
//任务名字
private String jobName;
//任务类,(自己任务,实现类的全类名) --->任务类.class.getName()
private String jobClass;
//cron表达式
private String cronExpression;
}
2、创建一个工具类:
2.1、创建定时任务:
//创建任务
public static void createJob(Scheduler scheduler, JobBean jobBean) {
//通过类的名字获取类
Class<? extends Job> jobClass = null;
CronTrigger trigger =null;
JobDetail jobDetail =null;
try {
jobClass = (Class<? extends Job>) Class.forName(jobBean.getJobClass());
jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass)
.storeDurably()
//唯一标识
.withIdentity(jobBean.getJobName())
.build();
//创建触发器
trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.forJob(jobDetail)
//唯一标识和上面的JobDetail是配对的。当然写别的名称也是可以的,就是一个标识
.withIdentity(jobBean.getJobName())
//这个表达式可以写到yml 中进行引用,这样以后更改直接改配置文件即可。
//每两秒钟执行一次
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobBean.getCronExpression()))
.build();
//需要 JobDetail var1, Trigger var2 这两个参数
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
2.2、暂停任务:
//暂停任务
public static void pauseJob(Scheduler scheduler, String jobName) {
try {
scheduler.pauseJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
2.3、恢复任务:
//恢复任务
public static void resumeJob(Scheduler scheduler, String jobName) {
try {
scheduler.resumeJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
2.4、删除任务:
//删除任务
public static void deleteJob(Scheduler scheduler, String jobName) {
try {
scheduler.deleteJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
2.5、执行一次任务
//执行一次任务
public static void runOnce(Scheduler scheduler, String jobName) {
try {
scheduler.triggerJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
2.6、修改任务
//修改任务
public static void updateJob(Scheduler scheduler, JobBean jobBean) {
try {
TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobBean.getJobName());
//强制转换成CronTrigger
CronTrigger oldTrigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
// oldTrigger.getTriggerBuilder(); 将老的trigger返回出来
CronTrigger newTrigger = oldTrigger.getTriggerBuilder()
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobBean.getCronExpression())).build();
scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey,newTrigger);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
5、编写控制器方法:
完整代码:
1、pom文件
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
</dependency>
2、任务调度需要参数类(封装参数类 POJO)
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class JobBean {
//任务名字
private String jobName;
//任务类,(自己任务,实现类的全类名) --->任务类.class.getName()
private String jobClass;
//cron表达式
private String cronExpression;
}
3、工具类:
public class DynJobUtil {
//创建任务
public static void createJob(Scheduler scheduler, JobBean jobBean) {
//通过类的名字获取类
Class<? extends Job> jobClass = null;
CronTrigger trigger =null;
JobDetail jobDetail =null;
try {
jobClass = (Class<? extends Job>) Class.forName(jobBean.getJobClass());
jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass)
.storeDurably()
//唯一标识
.withIdentity(jobBean.getJobName())
.build();
//创建触发器
trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.forJob(jobDetail)
//唯一标识和上面的JobDetail是配对的。当然写别的名称也是可以的,就是一个标识
.withIdentity(jobBean.getJobName())
//这个表达式可以写到yml 中进行引用,这样以后更改直接改配置文件即可。
//每两秒钟执行一次
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobBean.getCronExpression()))
.build();
//需要 JobDetail var1, Trigger var2 这两个参数
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//暂停任务
public static void pauseJob(Scheduler scheduler, String jobName) {
try {
scheduler.pauseJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//恢复任务
public static void resumeJob(Scheduler scheduler, String jobName) {
try {
scheduler.resumeJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//删除任务
public static void deleteJob(Scheduler scheduler, String jobName) {
try {
scheduler.deleteJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//执行一次任务
public static void runOnce(Scheduler scheduler, String jobName) {
try {
scheduler.triggerJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobName));
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//修改任务
public static void updateJob(Scheduler scheduler, JobBean jobBean) {
try {
TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobBean.getJobName());
//强制转换成CronTrigger
CronTrigger oldTrigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
// oldTrigger.getTriggerBuilder(); 将老的trigger返回出来
CronTrigger newTrigger = oldTrigger.getTriggerBuilder()
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobBean.getCronExpression())).build();
scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey,newTrigger);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
4、自己的任务
@Slf4j
@DisallowConcurrentExecution
@PersistJobDataAfterExecution
public class MyJob extends QuartzJobBean {
@Override
protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("任务开始执行");
JobDetail jobDetail = context.getJobDetail();
System.out.println("名字" + jobDetail.getKey().getName());
System.out.println("类名--->" + jobDetail.getJobClass().getName());
System.out.println("本次执行的时间为---》" + context.getFireTime());
System.out.println("下次执行的时间为---》" + context.getNextFireTime());
System.out.println("任务执行完毕");
System.out.println("============================");
}
}
5、进行测试:
@Slf4j
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/job")
public class DynJob {
@Autowired
private Scheduler scheduler;
JobBean jobBean = new JobBean("jobDetail",MyJob.class.getName(),"0/5 * * * * ?");
//创建任务
@GetMapping("/createJob")
public void createJob(){
log.info("jobBean:{}",jobBean);
log.info("创建任务");
DynJobUtil.createJob(scheduler,jobBean);
}
//暂停任务
@GetMapping("/pauseJob")
public void pauseJob(){
JobBean jobBean = new JobBean("jobDetail","jobClass","0/5 * * * * ?");
log.info("jobBean:{}",jobBean);
log.info("暂停任务");
DynJobUtil.pauseJob(scheduler,jobBean.getJobName());
}
//恢复任务
@GetMapping("/resumeJob")
public void resumeJob(){
log.info("jobBean:{}", jobBean);
log.info("恢复任务");
DynJobUtil.resumeJob(scheduler, jobBean.getJobName());
}
//删除任务
@GetMapping("/deleteJob")
public void deleteJob(){
log.info("jobBean:{}", jobBean);
log.info("删除任务");
DynJobUtil.deleteJob(scheduler, jobBean.getJobName());
}
//执行一次任务,暂停之后就是执行一次,之后不在执行
@GetMapping("/runJob")
public void runJob(){
log.info("jobBean:{}", jobBean);
log.info("执行一次任务");
DynJobUtil.runOnce(scheduler, jobBean.getJobName());
}
//修改任务
@GetMapping("/modifyJob")
public void modifyJob() {
jobBean.setCronExpression("0/2 * * * * ?");
log.info("jobBean:{}", jobBean);
log.info("修改任务");
DynJobUtil.updateJob(scheduler, jobBean);
}
}