前言 

        在进行语义分割的时候，我们的数据集有时候不够用，常常需要进行数据增广。

        比较常用的数据增广方法(包括旋转，上下翻转，左右翻转，裁剪，调整对比度，调整饱和度，调整亮度，中心裁剪等)

代码实现

import random
import os
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
from torchvision import transforms
import torchvision.transforms.functional as tf


class Augmentation:
    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def rotate(self, image, mask, angle=None):
        if angle is None:
            angle = transforms.RandomRotation.get_params([-180, 180])  # -180~180随机选一个角度旋转
        image = tf.rotate(image, angle)
        mask = tf.rotate(mask, angle)
        return image, mask

    def flip(self, image, mask):  # 水平翻转和垂直翻转
        if random.random() > 0.5:
            image = tf.hflip(image)
            mask = tf.hflip(mask)
        if random.random() > 0.5:
            image = tf.vflip(image)
            mask = tf.vflip(mask)
        return image, mask

    def randomResizeCrop(self, image, mask, scale=(0.3, 1.0), ratio=(1, 1)):  # scale表示随机crop出来的图片会在的0.3倍至1倍之间，ratio表示长宽比
        img = np.array(image)
        h_image, w_image = img.shape[:2]
        resize_size = h_image
        i, j, h, w = transforms.RandomResizedCrop.get_params(image, scale=scale, ratio=ratio)
        image = tf.resized_crop(image, i, j, h, w, resize_size)
        mask = tf.resized_crop(mask, i, j, h, w, resize_size)
        return image, mask

    def adjustContrast(self, image, mask):
        factor = random.uniform(0.5, 1.5)  # 这里调增广后的数据的对比度因子
        image = tf.adjust_contrast(image, factor)
        return image, mask

    def adjustBrightness(self, image, mask):
        factor = random.uniform(0.5, 1.5)  # 这里调增广后的数据亮度因子
        image = tf.adjust_brightness(image, factor)
        return image, mask

    def centerCrop(self, image, mask, size=None):  # 中心裁剪
        if size is None:
            size = image.size  # 若不设定size，则是原图。
        image = tf.center_crop(image, size)
        mask = tf.center_crop(mask, size)
        return image, mask

    def adjustSaturation(self, image, mask):  # 调整饱和度
        factor = random.uniform(0.5, 1.5)  # 这里调增广后的数据饱和度因子
        image = tf.adjust_saturation(image, factor)
        return image, mask


def augmentationData(image_path, mask_path, option=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], save_dir=None):
    '''
    :param image_path: 图片的路径
    :param mask_path: mask的路径
    :param option: 需要哪种增广方式：1为旋转，2为翻转，3为随机裁剪并恢复原本大小，4为调整对比度，5为中心裁剪(不恢复原本大小)，6为调整亮度,7为饱和度
    :param save_dir: 增广后的数据存放的路径
    '''
    aug_image_savedDir = os.path.join(save_dir, 'img')
    aug_mask_savedDir = os.path.join(save_dir, 'mask')
    if not os.path.exists(aug_image_savedDir):
        os.makedirs(aug_image_savedDir)
        print('create aug image dir.....')
    if not os.path.exists(aug_mask_savedDir):
        os.makedirs(aug_mask_savedDir)
        print('create aug mask dir.....')

    aug = Augmentation()
    images = [os.path.join(image_path, f) for f in os.listdir(image_path)]
    masks = [os.path.join(mask_path, f) for f in os.listdir(mask_path)]
    datas = list(zip(images, masks))
    num = len(datas)

    for (image_path, mask_path) in datas:
        image = Image.open(image_path).convert("RGB")
        mask = Image.open(mask_path).convert("RGB")
        for opt in option:
            num += 1
            if opt == 1:
                image_tensor, mask_tensor = aug.rotate(image, mask)
                aug_type = 'rotate'
            elif opt == 2:
                image_tensor, mask_tensor = aug.flip(image, mask)
                aug_type = 'flip'
            elif opt == 3:
                image_tensor, mask_tensor = aug.randomResizeCrop(image, mask)
                aug_type = 'ResizeCrop'
            elif opt == 4:
                image_tensor, mask_tensor = aug.adjustContrast(image, mask)
                aug_type = 'Contrast'
            elif opt == 5:
                image_tensor, mask_tensor = aug.centerCrop(image, mask)
                aug_type = 'centerCrop'
            elif opt == 6:
                image_tensor, mask_tensor = aug.adjustBrightness(image, mask)
                aug_type = 'Brightness'
            elif opt == 7:
                image_tensor, mask_tensor = aug.adjustSaturation(image, mask)
                aug_type = 'Saturation'
            else:
                continue

            image_tensor = tf.to_tensor(image_tensor)
            mask_tensor = tf.to_tensor(mask_tensor)
            transforms.ToPILImage()(image_tensor).save(os.path.join(save_dir, 'img', f'{num}_{aug_type}.jpg'))
            transforms.ToPILImage()(mask_tensor).save(os.path.join(save_dir, 'mask', f'{num}_{aug_type}_mask.jpg'))


augmentationData(r'D:\wheat\project\tips\jpg', r'D:\wheat\project\tips\PNG',
                 save_dir=r'D:\wheat\project\tips\finished')

效果