一、背景
随着项目的长期运行和迭代,积累的功能日益繁多,但并非所有功能都能得到用户的频繁使用或实际上根本无人问津。
为了提高系统性能和代码质量,我们往往需要对那些不常用的功能进行下线处理。
那么,该下线哪些功能呢?
此时,我们就需要对接口的调用情况进行统计和分析了!
二、实战
以下内容为主要代码,完整代码请参考:https://gitee.com/regexpei/daily-learning-test
以下使用 自定义注解 + AOP 的方式,对接口调用进行记录。
1. 创建项目,添加依赖
<dependencies>
<!-- 提供自动配置、日志、YAML等核心功能 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 提供面向切面编程支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 用于构建Web,包括RESTful和基于Servlet的Web应用,包含了Spring MVC、Tomcat等 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 通过注解减少样板代码的Java库,自动生成getter、setter等方法 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!-- Swagger的注解库,允许开发者为API添加文档和元数据 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.swagger</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-annotations</artifactId>
<version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 用于Java对象的JSON序列化/反序列化的库,Fastjson的继任者 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.fastjson2</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson2</artifactId>
<version>2.0.41</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 为Spring Boot应用提供了测试所需的依赖项,包括JUnit等,但仅限于测试阶段 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<!-- 排除已包含的SLF4J API版本,避免版本冲突 -->
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- Java工具包,提供了许多实用的工具类和方法 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>5.8.25</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2. 自定义注解和实体类
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface ApiOprLogAnno {
@ApiModelProperty(value = "接口类型")
String apiType() default "";
@ApiModelProperty(value = "接口说明")
String apiDetail() default "";
@ApiModelProperty(value = "是否保存请求参数")
boolean isSaveRequest() default false;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "是否保存响应结果")
boolean isSaveResponse() default false;
}
@Setter
@Getter
public class ApiOprLog {
@ApiModelProperty(name = "主键")
private String id;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "源IP")
private String sourceIp;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "用户名")
private String username;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "方法")
private String method;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "请求参数")
private String reqParams;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "响应结果")
private String resResult;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "异常信息")
private String exMessage;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "异常详细")
private String exJson;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "接口模块")
private String apiModule;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "接口类型")
private String apiType;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "接口说明")
private String apiDetail;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "创建时间")
private Date createTime;
@ApiModelProperty(name = "更新时间")
private Date updateTime;
}
3. 创建切面类
@Slf4j
@Aspect
@Component
public class ApiOprAspect {
@Value("${spring.application.name}")
private String moduleName;
/**
* 从请求中获取 IP
*
* @return IP
*/
private static String getIpFromRequest() {
RequestAttributes requestAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
if (requestAttributes != null) {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) requestAttributes
.resolveReference(RequestAttributes.REFERENCE_REQUEST);
return IpUtil.getRealIp(request);
}
return Constants.UNKNOWN;
}
@Pointcut("@annotation(cn.regexp.dailylearningtest.anno.ApiOprLogAnno)")
public void pointcut() {
}
@Around("pointcut()")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {
String id = IdUtil.fastSimpleUUID();
Object result;
try {
// 执行方法前操作
executeBefore(proceedingJoinPoint, id);
result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
// 执行方法后操作
executeAfter(proceedingJoinPoint, id, result);
} catch (Throwable ex) {
// 执行方法异常后操作
executeAfterEx(ex, id);
throw ex;
}
return result;
}
private void executeBefore(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint, String id) {
// 获取目标方法的签名信息
MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature();
// 从方法签名中获取 ApiOprLogAnno 注解的信息
ApiOprLogAnno apiOprLogAnno = signature.getMethod().getAnnotation(ApiOprLogAnno.class);
// 封装 ApiOprLog 对象
ApiOprLog apiOprLog = packaging(id, getIpFromRequest(), signature.toString(), apiOprLogAnno);
if (apiOprLogAnno.isSaveRequest()) {
// 保存请求参数
// 获取方法签名的参数名数组
String[] parameterNames = signature.getParameterNames();
// 获取连接点传递的实参数组
Object[] args = proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs();
Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>(parameterNames.length);
for (int i = 0; i < parameterNames.length; i++) {
if (!RequestAttributes.REFERENCE_REQUEST.equals(parameterNames[i])) {
paramMap.put(parameterNames[i], args[i]);
}
}
apiOprLog.setReqParams(JSON.toJSONString(paramMap));
}
// 入库操作
log.debug("executeBefore apiOprLog: {}", JSON.toJSONString(apiOprLog));
}
private void executeAfter(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint, String id, Object result) {
// 获取目标方法的签名信息
MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature();
// 从方法签名中获取 ApiOprLogAnno 注解的信息
ApiOprLogAnno apiOprLogAnno = signature.getMethod().getAnnotation(ApiOprLogAnno.class);
if (!apiOprLogAnno.isSaveResponse()) {
return;
}
ApiOprLog apiOprLog = new ApiOprLog();
apiOprLog.setId(id);
apiOprLog.setResResult(JSON.toJSONString(result));
apiOprLog.setUpdateTime(DateTime.now());
// 入库操作
log.debug("executeAfter apiOprLog: {}", JSON.toJSONString(apiOprLog));
}
private void executeAfterEx(Throwable ex, String id) {
ApiOprLog apiOprLog = new ApiOprLog();
apiOprLog.setId(id);
apiOprLog.setExMessage(ex.toString());
apiOprLog.setExJson(ExceptionUtil.stacktraceToString(ex));
apiOprLog.setUpdateTime(DateTime.now());
// 入库操作
log.debug("executeAfterEx apiOprLog: {}", JSON.toJSONString(apiOprLog));
}
/**
* 封装 ApiOprLog
*
* @param id 主键
* @param sourceIp IP
* @param method 方法
* @param apiOprLogAnno 注解
* @return 接口操作日志对象
*/
private ApiOprLog packaging(String id,
String sourceIp,
String method,
ApiOprLogAnno apiOprLogAnno) {
ApiOprLog apiOprLog = new ApiOprLog();
apiOprLog.setId(id);
apiOprLog.setSourceIp(sourceIp);
apiOprLog.setUsername("Regexp");
apiOprLog.setMethod(method);
apiOprLog.setApiModule(moduleName);
apiOprLog.setApiType(apiOprLogAnno.apiType());
apiOprLog.setApiDetail(apiOprLogAnno.apiDetail());
apiOprLog.setCreateTime(DateTime.now());
return apiOprLog;
}
}
4. 进行测试
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@GetMapping("/get")
@ApiOprLogAnno(apiType = "查询", apiDetail = "查询单个用户", isSaveResponse = true)
public Person get() {
return new Person("Regexp", 18);
}
@PostMapping("/save")
@ApiOprLogAnno(apiType = "保存", apiDetail = "保存单个用户", isSaveRequest = true)
public String save(@RequestBody Person person) {
log.debug("save person: {}", JSON.toJSONString(person));
return "ok";
}
@GetMapping("/getEx")
@ApiOprLogAnno(apiType = "查询", apiDetail = "查询单个用户(异常情况)")
public Person getEx() {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
}
三、问题记录
1. 引用不是注解类型
描述
启动项目时,报错如下:
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: error Type referred to is not an annotation type: cn$regexp$dailylearningtest$anno$ApiOprLog
分析
从报错信息来看,显示为:错误的类型,引用的不是一个注解类型。
Ctrl + Shift + F 全局搜索 ApiOprLog,看看哪些地方有用到 ApiOprLog。
经过搜索,发现在@annotation
中引用了 ApiOprLog(注解重命名后,这里忘记改了),但 ApiOprLog 并不是注解类型,所以导致启动项目时,Spring找到了这个类但这个类却不是注解,就报了这个错。
@Pointcut("@annotation(cn.regexp.dailylearningtest.anno.ApiOprLog)")
public void pointcut(){}
将 ApiOprLog 修改为正确的注解名称即可。
@Pointcut("@annotation(cn.regexp.dailylearningtest.anno.ApiOprLogAnno)")
public void pointcut(){}
2. 依赖冲突
描述
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found
binding in
[jar:file:/D:/OpenSource/maven-repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.2.11/logback-classic-1.2.11.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in
[jar:file:/D:/OpenSource/maven-repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-reload4j/1.7.36/slf4j-reload4j-1.7.36.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an
explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type
[ch.qos.logback.classic.util.ContextSelectorStaticBinder]
分析
从以上信息来看,应该是发生了依赖冲突导致的。
在控制台输入 mvn dependency:tree
查看项目中所有使用的依赖以及依赖中引用的依赖,查找哪些依赖使用了 slf4j,在其中一个依赖中使用exclusions
进行排除即可,如下:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>